Liang Qichao’s Aesthetics of Reception Viewed from the “Lifting Force” in His Theory of “Four Forces”

(by ZHAO Nan)

Abstract: Liang Qichao mentioned “four forces” in his paper “On the Relationship between Fiction and Governance”, which are forces to edify, immerse, stir and lift. Of the four forces, the lifting force reflects the highest extent of the reader’s acceptance; it is the core concept of the four forces because the “l(fā)ifting force emerges from within” and the influencing force of writings can achieve the ultimate effect through it. The “l(fā)ifting force” satisfies the reader’s psychological demand to break through the existing status of living and enables him to confront and go beyond the narrow world of self. At the same time, Liang Qichao’s believes attending to the reader’s acceptance is an important condition for the “l(fā)ifting force” to occur, that is, literary works should be interesting -- but never contain “vulgar taste”. “Interest” is not only a specific method of inspiring readers but also the goal to be achieved. The whole process of “l(fā)ifting” is based on “interest” as the essential feature of thinking. At the same time, works should be accessible and open. In addition, the “l(fā)ifting force” should take being “sublime” as the direction, take into consideration social functions so that works can serve to edify, educate and empower people.

Keywords: Liang Qichao; “Four forces”; “Lifting”; Reception aesthetics

ReviewofDaiZhen’sThoughtfromthePerspectiveoftheCommunicationbetweenChinaandtheWest：OnLiangQichao’sStudyofDaiZhen’sThought

(by CHEN Xiao-yang)

Abstract：Liang Qichao’s research on Dai Zhen’s thought can be divided into two parts：the period of New Citizen and the period of 1920s. With the deepening of his research, Liang Qichao discovered the affinity between Dai’s thought and modern Western civilization. In terms of content of Liang Qichao’s research on Dai’s thought, he mainly combed through Dai Zhen’s philosophical research methods and moral philosophy. As regards Dai Zhen’s research method, Liang Qichao mainly emphasized its connection with the western scientific spirit; as for its moral philosophy, Liang Qichao mainly highlighted its kinship with modern utilitarianism. These findings led to the transformation of Liang Qichao’s evaluation of Dai Zhen’s thoughts from slight criticism in the first period to the lavish praise in the later period. The motive behind was that Liang Qichao wanted to promote the communication between traditional culture and Western culture through the praise and advocacy of Dai Zhen’s thought.

Keywords：Liang Qichao; Dai Zhen; Dai Zhen’s Thought; the Communication between China and the West

AnAnalysisofTangTing-shu’sTranslationActivitiesinHisEarlyYearsfromthePerspectiveofBourdieu’sSociologicalTheory

(by LI Xiao-ying)

Abstract: Tang Ting-shu (alias Tong King-sing or Tong Aku) worked as an interpreter in the Colonial Hong Kong Government and Shanghai Customs for ten years in his early life. Bourdieu’s social practice theory can help us better understand his experience in this period and its significance to his later achievements. Through an analysis of the historical materials from the aspects of field, habitus and capital, it can be concluded that Tang Ting-shu accumulated much capital (particularly economic capital and informational capital) and habitus from his interpreting activities, which helped him enter the commercial field and the habitus and capital derived from the School of Morrison Education Society enabled him to serve as a translator for the above-mentioned institutions. Meanwhile, due to the inadequacy of his identity capital, his personal development in the interpreting positions hit a bottleneck. However, it is safe to say that this inadequacy enabled him to make remarkable achievements later.

Keywords: Tang Ting-shu (Tong King-sing); Bourdieu social practice theory; Field; Habitus; Capital

On“CantonesetoUpliftGuangdong(Canton)”intheMingdynasty

(by Chen Li-juan)

Abstract：The idea “Cantonese to uplift Guangdong (Canton)” was put forward by the historians Guo Fei in the Ming dynasty. It means that Cantonese people should consciously publicize their local culture and create a positive and effective local image. The manifestations of the campaign included the emergence of local gazetteers containing a large number of biographies of local figures and the writing of histories aimed at publicizing the noble moral qualities of local figures and their academic level while taking the culture of the central plains as orthodox. These strategies, on the one hand, demonstrated the sophistication of local culture, enhanced the sense of belonging and confidence of the local people. On the other hand, they changed the prejudice of the cultural circles in the central plains against Lingnan culture and enabled the comprehensive development of Guangdong in the Ming dynasty and as a result, Guangdong was no longer regarded as the “other” outside the mainstream culture.

Keywords：“Cantonese to uplift Guangdong (Canton)”; Consciousness; Local culture；Social significance

ResearchintoaXueHaiAcademyTestPaperCorrectedbyChenLi

(by HUANG Yi-mei)

Abstract：Chen Li, a famous Confucian scholar in Lingnan region in the Qing Dynasty, enteredXueHaiAcademyas a student and later became its principal. During his decades at the academy, his academic scope was extensive and had an important influence on the Lingnan academic community. There exists a test paper corrected by Chen Li, which was a review of the geography of rivers. There are several commentaries in the beginning and at the end of the paper and six pieces of remarks between. It is an important reference for investigating the study and teaching activities of Chen Li.

Keywords：Chen Li;XueHaiAcademy; Test papers; Comments; Jiang You Si

ZhanGanquan’sIntegrationofHeavenlyPrinciplesandConscienceandtheDevelopmentofSelf-cultivationTheory

(by HUANG Bo-kai)

Abstract: This paper attempts to explain Zhan Ganquan’s Confucian self-cultivation theory in the Ming dynasty from three approaches: “self-consciousness of the vigor of nature”, “the change of the nature of individuals” and “concentration power”. With the communication between Zhan Ganquan’s study of the mind and Wang Yangming’s learning, there emerged many problems of distinguishing meanings in the process of practicing self-cultivation. Zhan Ganquan believed that the key to the success of the ontological and self-cultivation operation lay in the cultivation of a “self-governing power” of the mind and giving play to the self-consciousness of the theory of living things. The cultivation of “self-governing power” could start from ancient teachings to achieve “l(fā)earning”, but it could also be conducted from the ontological self-consciousness, straight into the heart to achieve the “awareness”. However, this method, in the absence of the verification of ancient doctrines, could easily lead to confusing “reason and desire”, a shortcoming of the route of “consciousness”. In addition, the self-cultivation could start with the study of “concentration power”, employing meditation and pranayama to achieve the “concentration” needed for the cultivation of the mind. However, this method could easily lead to converging with Buddhism and Daoism.

Keywords: Zhan Ganquan; Learning; Consciousness; Heavenly principles; Concentration power

OnJiangXin’sStudyunderZhanGanquan

(by HAN Hui-qin， WANG Lin)

Keywords: Jiang Xin; Zhan Guanquan; Association

PlanningforTransformingJiangmen’sUrbanVillagesfromthePerspectiveofCommunityBuilding

(by TAN Jin-hua， Shi Jin-yun， Liu Zhao-jun)

Abstract：With the promotion of the rural revitalization strategy, the renewal and reconstruction of urban villages has attracted much attention in the drive of urban development. How to protect the traditional culture and the architectural heritage with local characteristics has become a new topic. On the one hand, it is necessary to follow the pace of economic development and renew and transform urban villages; on the other hand, it is necessary to protect traditional culture and architectural heritage with local characteristics. The method of community building can better solve the problems in dealing with problems in the relationship between man and nature and between people and local spirit and culture and in cultural inheritance, and help local residents establish a sense of belonging and pride in their native land.

Keywords: Community building; Urban villages; Protection; Development; Licun village

TheVicissitudeofTaishan’sOverseasRemittanceSystemduringtheRepublicofChinaPeriod——CenteringonRelevantRecordsinXinningMagazine

(by LIU Rui-jun， WU Hong-qi)

Abstract：The Overseas Chinese remittance network was an important part of the transnational business network of modern overseas Chinese. Based on a systematic analysis of relevant records contained inXinningMagazine, this paper concludes that the transformation of the overseas remittance network in Taishan, Guangdong, in the Republic of China period can be divided into four periods: the incipient period before 1920s; the development period from the early 1920s to the mid-1930s, the downturn period from the late 1930s to the early 1940s, and the recovery period in the middle and late 1940s. The center of Taishan’s overseas remittance network gradually shifted from Taishan to Hong Kong with World War II as the turning point, and the main operators gradually changed from “Yinhao” and “Shanghao” to modern financial organizations. This was the result of the combined effects of the political environment, social unrest, international financial environment, and the recognition of overseas Chinese.

Keywords：The Republic of China Period; Taishan, Guangdong; Remittances system;XinningMagazine

AnAnalysisoftheArchitecturalFormsofTaishan’sModernSchoolBuildings

開發(fā)商收益包括三個部分：開發(fā)商選擇建設普通房時所享受的收益為A1；政府激勵政策有效，開發(fā)商為提升企業(yè)在政府的形象，響應政府號召，積極建設被動房，此時所額外獲得收益為A2；政府激勵政策有效，促使開發(fā)商建設被動房，此時政府對開發(fā)商的獎勵為A4，包括對開發(fā)商進行財政補貼、減免稅費、貸款優(yōu)惠和土地優(yōu)先轉讓等。根據復制動態(tài)方程，A1的變化對結果沒有影響，因此不研究A1。

(by FU Zheng-chao，ZHANG Chao)

ABSTRACT：Taishan is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese. Due to the great importance placed on education by overseas Chinese, a large number of school buildings blending Chinese and Western elements emerged in Taishan in modern times. These buildings are of great value for studying the evolution of modern Chinese architecture. A comprehensive field survey of modern school buildings in Taishan has been carried out and the distribution, styles, hues, composition, forms and the reasons behind are analyzed through statistical methods and the morphological characteristics of Taishan’s modern schools blending Chinese and Western features are revealed.

KeyWords：School buildings; Forms; Hometown of overseas Chinese;

AStudyofLiSuiqiu’sPoetry

(by LIU Le-le)

Abstract：Li Suiqiu was a well-known poet in Lingnan region, known as the “peony champion”, and occupies a place in Lingnan’s history and literary history. His Lianshuge Collected Poems contains more than 300 poems, and more than 100 of them were replies to other people’s poems or written to suit occasions. The classification of his poems and articles is helpful to grasping the formation of the poet’s character and his literary thoughts, understanding the deep meaning of his works, and tracing the mental course of his creation.

Keywords：Lingnan; Poets; Li Suiqiu; Poetry

TheWorthofLanDingyuan’sPoetry

(by ZHOU Yi-Nan)

Abstract: Lan Dingyuan, as an official serving in Taiwan in the early period, stayed there for two years. He was not only familiar with Taiwan affairs very well but also put forward many feasible ideas for governing Taiwan. His poems written during his stay in Taiwan represent his ideas on governing Taiwan. They not only constituted a blueprint for building Taiwan but also represented his good wishes for it. His poems were of a great referential value for later administers of Taiwan.

Keywords：Lan Dingyuan; Lan’s poems written in Taiwan; Blueprint for Taiwan; Value

ConstructionofImagesofFemaleSuicidesintheRepublicofChinaPeriod：ACaseStudyofYuMeiyan

(by GUAN Pei)

Abstract: During the period of the Republic of China, the death of Yu Meiyan triggered off extensive discussions on the issues of personal liberation and social transformation by people from all walks of life. Under the continuous media coverage, Yu Meiyan's image underwent several changes, from a reproached weird woman to the pitiable "victim" of feudal ethical code, and then to the widely praised "new woman". The process not only reveals the confrontation and collision between the old and the new ideas in the same field, but also provides a glimpse into the change in people's thinking in the period of social transformation.

KeyWords: Yu Meiyan; Suicide; Individual Liberation; Social Reform; Image Construction

FromAppearancetoEssence：FivePerspectivesontheCommercializationofNewTechnologies

(by HUANG Chang-zheng)

Abstract: In today’s tides of scientific and technological revolution, industrial transformation, innovation and entrepreneurship, a variety of new technologies are emerging endlessly. The issue of “commercialization of new technologies” is increasingly being taken seriously by the industry, science and technology and higher education fields. In the fragmentation pattern of the supply side the traditional technology cannot adapt to new demands of the times featuring user experience, “the commercialization of new technologies” has taken on many different characteristics. Its different appearances need to be studied from different perspectives on the basis of Knightian uncertainty and non-standard decision-making to better serve the entrepreneurial finance, new engineering construction and innovation of science and technology.

Keywords: Commercialization of new technologies; Science and technology + humanity; Innovation and entrepreneurship; Technical ecosystems

OntheNewTypeProfessionalFarmers：Connotation，CultivationObjectsandApproaches

(by GUAN Hao)

Abstract: The new-type of professional farmer is a modern agricultural practitioner, who has the corresponding professional skills and scientific and cultural qualities to adapt to the changing needs of the modern market economy. When selecting objects for cultivation, the short-term and long-term goals and the employment intention of the objects should be taken into consideration. The cultivation of new professional farmers should be carried out from two aspects: education and training and the construction of a supporting system.

Keywords: New-style vocational farmers; Connotation; Cultivation objects; Cultivation measures

EvaluationofCustomerSatisfactionandImprovementStrategyfortheO2OCateringIndustry

(by LI Chuan-xi， LIU Li-hua)

Abstract: With the rapid development of Internet technology, O2O catering has become a normal consumption mode for consumers. However, with the fierce competition, there also emerge various outstanding problems in the O2O catering enterprises, resulting in new contradictions with consumption upgrading, seriously affecting the customer satisfaction and restricting the future development of such enterprises. Based on the theory of “retail wheel” and through empirical analysis, this paper establishes a satisfaction model, puts forward several evaluation indicators that affect customer satisfaction, advances corresponding measures for influencing factors, and provides some guidance for the long-term development of O2O catering enterprises.

Keywords: 020 Catering; Customer satisfaction; Customer Satisfaction Research Model; Retail Wheel; Likert scale

OntheDivisionandAdjustmentofAdministrativeProcuratorialSupervisionandAdministrativeMonitorySupervision

(by LIU Donggen， XU Tao)

Abstract: Administrative procuratorial supervision is an important feature of China’s political and legal system. With the revision of the constitution and the promulgation of the supervision law, China has established an administrative law supervision system with monitory supervision as the main body and procuratorial supervision and other supervision as the supplement. In the process of supervising the exercise of administrative power, monitory supervision and procuratorial supervision are both related and different. Procuratorial organs should take the protection of public interests as the starting point, clarify the division of functions between them and supervisory committees, take administrative public interest litigation as the breakthrough point, and strengthen their cooperation with supervisory committees.

Keywords: Administrative Procuratorial Supervision; Administrative Monitory Supervision; Division of functions,

Students’SatisfactiontowardstheCollegeEnglishFlippedClassroomBasedonaSurveyofWuyiUniversity

(by WANG Hao， HAN Yong-fang)

Abstract: Combining quantitative and qualitative research and based on a questionnaire survey and reflection logs of 107 non-English major freshmen of Wuyi University, this paper explores the students’ satisfaction towards flipped classroom teaching and the influencing factors. The results show that the flipped classroom is abundant in learning resources, but the micro lectures are not satisfactory. The learning tasks are moderate in difficulty but fail to arouse the interests of the students effectively. FiF oral training and students’ individual presentation are satisfactory, but the preview and group cooperation are not. The flipped classroom is conducive to improving teacher-student relationship and cultivating autonomous learning ability, but the overall learning effect is not satsifactory. Students’satisfaction with the flipped classroom is influenced by learner factors, technical conditions, the teaching design and the quality of peer interaction.

Keywords: College English; Flipped classroom; Satisfaction; Effect