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密蒙花中的1個(gè)新的環(huán)烯醚萜苷類化合物

2021-01-05 14:29:50龍澤海王琦瑤李醫(yī)明朱維良
中草藥 2021年1期
關(guān)鍵詞:無(wú)定形鼠李糖粉末

龍澤海,王琦瑤,李 波,張 勇*,賈 琦*,李醫(yī)明,朱維良

密蒙花中的1個(gè)新的環(huán)烯醚萜苷類化合物

龍澤海1,王琦瑤1,李 波2, 3,張 勇2, 3*,賈 琦1*,李醫(yī)明1,朱維良2, 3

1. 上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)中藥學(xué)院,上海 201203 2. 中國(guó)科學(xué)院上海藥物研究所,上海 201203 3. 中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué),北京 100049

研究馬錢科醉魚(yú)草屬密蒙花干燥花蕾及花序的化學(xué)成分。采用加熱回流提取、溶劑萃取、多種柱色譜方法進(jìn)行分離純化,并運(yùn)用NMR、MS等現(xiàn)代譜學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)行化合物結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定。從密蒙花水提取物中分離得到20個(gè)化合物,分別鑒定為6α-羥基-8β-羥甲基-1β,5α,6β,7β,9α-五氫-7(8)-環(huán)氧-2-oxaind-3-烯-1--α--吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→6)-β--吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、6--甲基梓醇(2)、梓醇(3)、蒙花苷(4)、芹菜素-7--蘆丁糖苷(5)、木犀草素-7--蘆丁糖苷(6)、密蒙花新苷(7)、芹菜素-7--半乳糖醛酸苷(8)、芹菜素-7,4′--葡萄糖醛酸苷(9)、芹菜素-7--α-鼠李糖基- (1→2)-β-葡萄糖醛酸苷(10)、腺嘌呤核苷(11)、鳥(niǎo)嘌呤核苷(12)、香草酸(13)、鳶尾番紅花素M(14)、苦藏花素(15)、二氫紅花菜豆酸-3′--β--葡萄糖苷(16)、二氫紅花菜豆酸鈉鹽-3′--β--葡萄糖苷(17)、()-芥子酸-4--β--吡喃葡萄糖苷(18)、咖啡酸(19)、綠原酸(20)?;衔?為新的環(huán)烯醚萜苷類化合物,命名為6′--α--鼠李糖基梓醇,化合物9、10、15~18均為首次從醉魚(yú)草屬植物中分離得到,化合物3、8、11、12、19和20為首次從密蒙花中分離得到。

醉魚(yú)草屬;密蒙花;環(huán)烯醚萜苷;6′--α--鼠李糖基梓醇;芹菜素-7,4′--葡萄糖醛酸苷;苦藏花素

中藥密蒙花是馬錢科(Loganiaceae)醉魚(yú)草屬(Buddleia auct.) Linn.植物密蒙花Maxim.的干燥花蕾及花序,廣泛分布于山西、陜西、四川、貴州、云南和西藏等省區(qū)[1]。密蒙花始載于宋代的《開(kāi)寶本草》,具有清熱瀉火、養(yǎng)肝明目及退翳的功效[2],臨床上常用于治療干眼癥、糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變等眼部疾病。密蒙花中主要含有黃酮、苯乙醇苷、三萜及其皂苷等類化合物[3-5],還包括少量環(huán)烯醚萜、單萜、木脂素以及生物堿類化合物[6-9]?,F(xiàn)代藥理學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),該中藥提取物具有抗炎[10]、抗增生[4]和神經(jīng)保護(hù)[11]等多種活性。目前,有關(guān)密蒙花化學(xué)成分的研究主要集中在乙醇提取物,而傳統(tǒng)水煎劑中化學(xué)成分未見(jiàn)系統(tǒng)報(bào)道。為進(jìn)一步研究密蒙花水煎液中化學(xué)成分的組成,為中藥密蒙花藥效物質(zhì)研究奠定基礎(chǔ),本實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)密蒙花水提取物進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分離純化,從中分離并鑒定了20個(gè)化合物,分別為6α-羥基-8β-羥甲基-1β, 5α,6β,7β,9α-五氫-7(8)-環(huán)氧-2-oxaind-3-烯-1--α--吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→6)-β--吡喃葡萄糖苷[6α- hydroxy-8β-hydroxymethyl-1β,5α,6β,7β,9α-pentahydro- 7(8)-epoxy-2-oxaind-3-ene-1--α--rhamnopyranosyl- (1→6)-β--glucopyranoside,1]、6--甲基梓醇(6-- methylcatalpol,2)、梓醇(catalpol,3)、蒙花苷(linarin,4)、芹菜素-7--蘆丁糖苷(apigenin-7-- rutinoside,5)、木犀草素-7--蘆丁糖苷(luteolin-7--rutinoside,6)、密蒙花新苷(neobudofficide,7)、芹菜素-7--半乳糖醛酸苷(luteolin-7-- galacturonide,8)、芹菜素-7,4′--葡萄糖醛酸苷(apigenin-7,4′-di--glucuronide,9)、芹菜素-7--α-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-葡萄糖醛酸苷[apigenin-7-- α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-glucuronide,10]、腺嘌呤核苷(adenosine,11)、鳥(niǎo)嘌呤核苷(guanosine,12)、香草酸(vanillic acid,13)、鳶尾番紅花素M(crocusatin M,14)、苦藏花素(picrocrocin,15)、二氫紅花菜豆酸-3′--β--葡萄糖苷(dihydrophaseic acid-3′--β--glucopyranoside,16)、二氫紅花菜豆酸鈉鹽-3′--β--葡萄糖苷(dihydrophaseic acid sodium salt-3′--β--glucopyranoside,17)、()-芥子酸-4--β--吡喃葡萄糖苷[()-sinapic acid-4--β--glucopyranoside 18]、咖啡酸(caffeic acid,19)、綠原酸(chlorogenic acid,20)。其中,化合物1為新的環(huán)烯醚萜苷類化合物,命名為6′--α--鼠李糖基梓醇(圖1);化合物9、10、15~18均為首次從醉魚(yú)草屬植物中分離得到,而化合物3、8、11、12、19、20為首次從密蒙花中分離得到。

圖1 化合物1的結(jié)構(gòu)

1 儀器與材料

Autopol VI 90079型旋光儀(美國(guó)Rudolph公司);Agilent G6520 Q-TOF LC-MS型質(zhì)譜儀(美國(guó)Agilent公司);Thermo nicolet 6700型紅外光譜儀(美國(guó)Thermo公司);Bruker Avance III 500型核磁共振儀(瑞士Bruker公司),以TMS為內(nèi)標(biāo);Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010E型氣相色譜儀(日本Shimadzu公司),DB-5MS柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)。所用材料有D-101型大孔吸附樹(shù)脂(國(guó)藥集團(tuán)化學(xué)試劑有限公司);ODS-A-HG 12 nm S-50μm(日本YMC公司);Sephadex LH-20型凝膠(瑞典GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences AB公司);硅膠GF254預(yù)制薄層色譜板(煙臺(tái)化學(xué)工業(yè)研究所);所用試劑有-半胱氨酸甲酯鹽酸鹽(國(guó)藥集團(tuán)化學(xué)試劑有限公司);六甲基二硅氮烷(上海士鋒生物科技有限公司);三甲基氯硅烷(薩恩化學(xué)技術(shù)有限公司);-葡萄糖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品(上海阿拉丁生化科技有限公司);-鼠李糖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品(上海源葉生物科技有限公司);甲醇、乙醇、醋酸乙酯、正丁醇、吡啶、二氧六環(huán)等試劑均為分析純或色譜純,由國(guó)藥集團(tuán)化學(xué)試劑有限公司提供。

本實(shí)驗(yàn)藥材于2018年購(gòu)于安徽省亳州藥材市場(chǎng),由上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)石燕紅副研究員鑒定為馬錢科醉魚(yú)草屬植物密蒙花Maxim.的干燥花蕾及花序。標(biāo)本(No.MMH-20170427)保存于中國(guó)科學(xué)院上海藥物研究所藥物發(fā)現(xiàn)與設(shè)計(jì)中心實(shí)驗(yàn)室。

2 提取與分離

干燥的密蒙花花蕾及花序(10.2 kg)加入蒸餾水(80 L),在100 ℃加熱回流提取,每次1 h,重復(fù)2次,合并濾液減壓濃縮至12 L。依次用醋酸乙酯和正丁醇進(jìn)行萃取,得到醋酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取物以及萃取后水層3個(gè)部位。正丁醇萃取部位采用D-101型大孔吸附樹(shù)脂,依次以蒸餾水、20%乙醇、40%乙醇及95%乙醇進(jìn)行梯度洗脫,按不同乙醇體積分?jǐn)?shù)洗脫部位濃縮合并得到4個(gè)組分(Fr. A~D)。Fr. B(20%乙醇水組分)經(jīng)ODS柱色譜分離,以蒸餾水、5%甲醇、20%甲醇、40%甲醇、60%甲醇和甲醇進(jìn)行梯度洗脫后得到6個(gè)組分(Fr. B.1~B.6)。Fr. B.1經(jīng)ODS柱色譜分離,洗脫流動(dòng)相依次為蒸餾水及10%、20%、30%、40%甲醇,得到6個(gè)組分(Fr. B.1.1~B.1.6)。Fr. B.1.1經(jīng)ODS柱色譜[甲醇-水(0∶100~40∶60)梯度洗脫]和Sephadex LH-20柱色譜(10%甲醇等度洗脫)的不斷分離純化后,得到化合物3(43.2 mg)、18(23.0 mg)、2(28.7 mg)、16(10.6 mg)、17(2.3 mg)。Fr. B.2經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱色譜,5%甲醇為流動(dòng)相進(jìn)行等度洗脫后得到5個(gè)組分(Fr. B.2.1~B.2.5)。Fr. B.2.1經(jīng)ODS柱色譜[甲醇-水(0∶100~40∶60)]梯度洗脫和Sephadex LH-20柱色譜(10%甲醇)等度洗脫后,得到化合物5(21.1 mg)、7(19.5 mg)、11(11.4 mg)。Fr. B.2.3和Fr. B.2.4經(jīng)ODS柱色譜分離[甲醇-水(0∶100~40∶60)梯度洗脫]和Sephadex LH-20柱色譜(10%甲醇等度洗脫)純化后分別得到化合物20(3.9 mg)和19(5.7 mg)。Fr.B.3經(jīng)ODS柱色譜分離,依次以蒸餾水及10%、20%、40%、60%甲醇為流動(dòng)相洗脫,得到6個(gè)組分(Fr. B.3.1~B.3.6)。Fr. B.3.2經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱色譜(10%甲醇等度洗脫)和ODS柱色譜[甲醇-水(0∶100~20∶80)]梯度洗脫純化后得到化合物15(2.1 mg)。Fr. B.3.5經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱色譜(10%甲醇等度洗脫)的不斷純化后得到化合物8(2.4 mg)。Fr. B.4經(jīng)ODS柱,以蒸餾水及20%、40%、60%甲醇為流動(dòng)相梯度洗脫后得到4個(gè)組分(Fr. B.4.1~B.4.4)。Fr. B.4.1經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱色譜(10%甲醇等度洗脫)和ODS柱色譜[甲醇水(0∶100~30∶70)梯度洗脫]純化后得到化合物10(7.6 mg)和6(8.3 mg)。Fr. D(95%乙醇組分)經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱色譜(80%甲醇等度洗脫)純化后,得到化合物4(20.3 mg)。萃取后水層采用D-101型大孔吸附樹(shù)脂分離,以蒸餾水、10%乙醇、20%乙醇為流動(dòng)相梯度洗脫后分別得到3個(gè)組分(Fr. E~G)。Fr. F(10%乙醇組分)經(jīng)ODS柱色譜分離,以甲醇-水(0∶100~20∶80)進(jìn)行梯度洗脫后,得到2個(gè)組分(Fr. F.1~F.2)。Fr. F.1和Fr. F.2再經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱色譜,以10%甲醇為流動(dòng)相進(jìn)行等度洗脫,分別得到化合物9(851.5 mg)和1(38.1 mg)。Fr. G(20%乙醇組分)經(jīng)ODS柱色譜分離,以甲醇-水體系(0∶100~20∶80)進(jìn)行梯度洗脫后,得到3個(gè)組分(Fr. G.1~G.3)。Fr. G.2經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱色譜(10%甲醇等度洗脫)和ODS柱色譜[甲醇-水(0∶100~20∶80)梯度洗脫]純化后得到化合物12(5.0 mg)。醋酸乙酯萃取部位用甲醇-二氯甲烷進(jìn)行重結(jié)晶后過(guò)濾得到母液(Fr. H)和固體(Fr. I)。母液濃縮后用DMSO溶解,經(jīng)ODS柱色譜分離,依次以10%、20%、30%甲醇為流動(dòng)相梯度洗脫后,分別得到3個(gè)組分(Fr. H.1~H.3)。Fr. H.2和Fr. H.3經(jīng)Sephadex LH-20柱色譜(30%甲醇等度洗脫)和ODS柱色譜[甲醇-水體系(0∶100~40∶60)梯度洗脫]反復(fù)純化后,分別得到化合物14(3.4 mg)和13(26.2 mg)。

3 糖的絕對(duì)構(gòu)型測(cè)定

通過(guò)酸水解和氣相色譜(GC)分析方法對(duì)化合物1結(jié)構(gòu)中糖的絕對(duì)構(gòu)型進(jìn)行確定,具體操作參考文獻(xiàn)中的方法[12]?;衔?(1 mg)加入2 mL 10% HCl-二氧六環(huán)(1∶1)中,80 ℃加熱攪拌2 h后,反應(yīng)液減壓濃縮后氮?dú)獯蹈?,再加?.1 mol/L-半胱氨酸甲酯鹽酸鹽(200 μL)和無(wú)水吡啶(100 μL),60 ℃加熱反應(yīng)1 h,然后加入2.6 mL三甲基硅烷化試劑六甲基二硅氮烷-三甲基氯硅烷-吡啶(2∶1∶10),繼續(xù)在60 ℃下加熱反應(yīng)30 min,反應(yīng)液再加入水和環(huán)己烷(各2 mL),搖勻并靜置后取上層環(huán)己烷層進(jìn)行GC分析。GC條件為:Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010E型氣相色譜儀;DB-5MS柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm);FID檢測(cè)器;載氣為氮?dú)?;檢測(cè)溫度為 280 ℃;程序升溫條件:初始溫度100 ℃保持2 min,然后升溫至280 ℃(升溫速率35 ℃/min),280 ℃保持9 min。-葡萄糖和-鼠李糖作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品均按照上述制備方法和檢測(cè)方法進(jìn)行測(cè)定,并與樣品保留時(shí)間進(jìn)行比較。

4 結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定

根據(jù)化合物1的HR-ESI-MS/: 531.167 8 [M+Na]+(計(jì)算值531.168 4,C21H32O14Na),確定該化合物的分子式為C21H32O14,不飽和度為5。IR(KBr)光譜中3417 cm?1和1655 cm?1處的特征吸收峰表明其結(jié)構(gòu)中含有羥基和不飽和碳-碳雙鍵。1H- NMR數(shù)據(jù)(表1)顯示,低場(chǎng)區(qū)有1組烯烴氫信號(hào) [H6.35 (1H, dd,= 5.7, 1.6 Hz, H-3), 5.00 (1H, dd,= 5.7, 4.9 Hz, H-4)],1個(gè)與氧連接的次甲基氫信號(hào)H4.73 (1H, d,= 9.8 Hz, H-1),2個(gè)糖端基氫信號(hào)H4.57 (1H, d,= 7.9 Hz, Glc-H-1′), 4.53 (1H, d,= 0.7 Hz, Rha-H-1′′) 和高場(chǎng)區(qū)的甲基氫信號(hào)H1.11 (3H, d,= 6.2 Hz, Rha-6′′-CH3)。13C-NMR數(shù)據(jù)(表1)顯示化合物含有21個(gè)碳原子,結(jié)合氫譜和DEPT135譜可推斷出1組吡喃葡萄糖基信號(hào)C98.4, 76.2, 75.2, 73.4, 69.8, 65.9;1組吡喃鼠李糖基信號(hào)C100.5, 70.7, 70.6, 72.0, 68.4, 18.0;1組烯烴碳信號(hào)C140.6 (C-3), 103.6 (C-4);苷元上的5個(gè)次甲基信號(hào)C93.9 (C-1), 77.6 (C-6), 60.7 (C-7), 42.0 (C-9), 37.5 (C-5);1個(gè)亞甲基信號(hào)C59.5 (C-10) 以及1個(gè)季碳信號(hào)C64.9 (C-8)。化合物1的這些特征信號(hào)與本實(shí)驗(yàn)分離得到的已知化合物3(梓醇)[13]的信號(hào)相似,不同之處在于,化合物1比梓醇多了1個(gè)鼠李糖基的信號(hào),且葡萄糖基的C-6位仲碳的信號(hào)C65.9 (Glc-C-6′) 與梓醇的對(duì)應(yīng)信號(hào)C61.3相比明顯往低場(chǎng)方向移動(dòng),推測(cè)化合物1含有鼠李糖基,并且與葡萄糖基的C-6′位相連構(gòu)成蕓香糖基。這一推測(cè)經(jīng)HMBC譜(圖2)得到驗(yàn)證,其中H3.76 (1H, dd,= 11.0, 1.5 Hz, Glc-H-6′)、H3.45 (1H, dd,= 11.3, 5.5 Hz, Glc-H-6′) 與C100.5 (Rham-C-1′′) 具有遠(yuǎn)程相關(guān)。葡萄糖基和鼠李糖基通過(guò)兩個(gè)端基氫的偶合常數(shù)值7.9 Hz和0.7 Hz可確定其相對(duì)構(gòu)型分別為β構(gòu)型和α構(gòu)型。結(jié)合1D和2D NMR譜,完成了對(duì)化合物1碳?xì)湫盘?hào)的歸屬(表1)及一維平面結(jié)構(gòu)的確認(rèn)(圖2)。

在ROESY譜(圖3)中可以看到,H-1與H-6和H-7均有NOE相關(guān),與Glc-H-1′α沒(méi)有NOE相關(guān),而H-5與H-9有NOE相關(guān),與H-1、H-6和H-7均沒(méi)有NOE相關(guān),由此可確定H-1與H-6和H-7在同一平面的同一側(cè),均為β-H,而H-5與H-9均為α-H。糖的絕對(duì)構(gòu)型是通過(guò)化合物1酸水解后進(jìn)行衍生,用GC分析保留時(shí)間(R=13.47、14.53 min),并與相同方法下制備的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)-鼠李糖和-葡萄糖的衍生物的保留時(shí)間(R=13.49、14.51 min)進(jìn)行比較,確定為β--葡萄糖和α--鼠李糖。

表1 化合物1的1H-和13C-NMR數(shù)據(jù)(500/125 MHz, DMSO-d6)

圖2 化合物1的HMBC和1H-1H COSY關(guān)鍵相關(guān)信號(hào)

綜上,化合物1的結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定為6α-羥基-8β-羥甲基-1β,5α,6β,7β,9α-五氫-7(8)-環(huán)氧-2-oxaind-3-烯- 1--α--吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→6)-β--吡喃葡萄糖苷,為1個(gè)新化合物,命名為6′--α--鼠李糖基梓醇。

圖3 化合物1的ROESY關(guān)鍵相關(guān)信號(hào)

化合物2:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 375 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-6): 6.36 (1H, d,= 5.9 Hz, H-3), 4.95 (1H, d,= 5.5 Hz, H-4), 4.93 (1H, d,= 9.9 Hz, H-1), 4.57 (1H, d,= 7.9 Hz, Glc-H-1), 3.89 (1H, d,= 13.2 Hz, H-10), 3.69 (1H, overlapped, H-10), 3.66 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-6), 3.60 (1H, br s, H-7), 3.57 (1H, d,= 8.2 Hz, H-6), 3.39 (1H, dd,= 11.9, 6.7 Hz, Glc-H-6), 3.35 (3H, s, 6-OCH3), 3.18 (1H, t,= 8.9 Hz, Glc-H-3), 3.15~3.12 (1H, m, Glc-H-4), 3.03~3.00 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-2), 3.03~3.00 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-5), 2.33 (1H, dd,= 9.2, 8.1 Hz, H-9), 2.20~2.17 (1H, m, H-5);13C-NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-6): 140.7 (C-3), 103.0 (C-4), 97.9 (Glc-C-1), 93.2 (C-1), 86.3 (C-6), 77.5 (Glc-C-3), 76.4 (Glc-C-5), 73.4 (Glc-C-2), 70.2 (Glc-C-4), 65.1 (C-8), 61.3 (Glc-C-6), 58.9 (C-10), 57.1 (C-7), 57.0 (6-OCH3), 41.8 (C-9), 35.5 (C-5)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[14],故鑒定化合物2為6--甲基梓醇。

化合物3:白色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 361 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-6): 6.35 (1H, d,= 5.9 Hz, H-3), 5.00 (1H, t,= 5.2 Hz, H-4), 4.89 (1H, d,= 9.7 Hz, H-1), 4.58 (1H, d,= 7.9 Hz, Glc-H-1), 3.87 (1H, d,= 13.1 Hz, H-10), 3.77 (1H, d,= 8.1 Hz, 6-H), 3.68 (1H, d,= 11.5 Hz, Glc-H-6), 3.63 (1H, d,= 13.1 Hz, H-10), 3.40 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-6), 3.34 (1H, brs, H-7), 3.20~3.16 (1H, m, Glc-H-3), 3.14~3.11 (1H, m, Glc-H-4), 3.03~3.00 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-2), 3.03~3.00 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-5), 2.33~2.28 (1H, m, H-9), 2.11 (1H, dd,= 12.2, 7.7 Hz, H-5);13C-NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-6): 140.3 (C-3), 103.4 (C-4), 97.9 (Glc-C-1), 93.3 (C-1), 77.5 (Glc-C-3), 77.2 (C-6), 76.4 (Glc-C-5), 73.4 (Glc-C-2), 70.2 (Glc-C-4), 64.8 (C-8), 61.3 (Glc-C-6), 60.7 (C-7), 59.0 (C-10), 42.1 (C-9), 37.4 (C-5)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[13],故鑒定化合物3為梓醇。

化合物4:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 615 [M+Na]+;1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-6): 8.01 (2H, d,= 8.8 Hz, H-2′, 6′), 7.13 (2H, d,= 8.8 Hz, H-3′, 5′), 6.85 (1H, s, H-3), 6.79 (1H, d,= 1.5 Hz, H-8), 6.46 (1H, d,= 2.0 Hz, H-6), 5.04 (1H, d,= 7.4 Hz, Glc-H-1), 4.55 (1H, d,= 0.8 Hz, Rha-H-1), 3.87 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-6), 3.84 (3H, s, 4′-OCH3), 3.67~3.66 (1H, m, Rha-H-2), 3.62~3.59 (1H, m, Glc-H-5), 3.47 (1H, overlapped, Rha-H-3), 3.45 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-6), 3.42 (1H, overlapped, Rha-H-5), 3.33 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-3), 3.29 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-2), 3.18 (1H, d,= 9.7 Hz, Glc-H-4), 3.14 (1H, d,= 9.5 Hz, Rha-H-4), 1.06 (3H, d,= 6.2 Hz, Rha-6-CH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-6): 182.4 (C-4), 164.5 (C-2), 163.3 (C-9), 162.9 (C-4′), 161.2 (C-5), 157.4 (C-7), 128.9 (C-2′, 6′), 123.0 (C-1′), 115.2 (C-3′, 5′), 105.9 (C-10), 104.2 (C-3), 100.8 (C-6), 100.3 (Rha-C-1), 100.1 (Glc-C-1), 95.4 (C-8), 76.4 (Glc-C-3), 76.0 (Glc-C-5), 73.3 (Glc-C-2), 72.4 (Rha-C-4), 71.0 (Rha-C-2), 70.6 (Rha-C-3), 69.9 (Glc-C-4), 68.7 (Rha-C-5), 66.4 (Glc-C-6), 56.0 (4′-OCH3), 18.1 (Rha-C-6)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[15],故鑒定化合物4為蒙花苷。

化合物5:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 577 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 7.89 (2H, d,= 8.8 Hz, H-2′, 6′), 6.97 (2H, d,= 8.8 Hz, H-3′, 5′), 6.78 (1H, d,= 2.0 Hz, H-8), 6.67 (1H, s, H-3), 6.54(1H, d,= 2.0 Hz, H-6), 5.07 (1H, d,= 7.1 Hz, Glc-H-1), 4.74 (1H, d,= 1.3 Hz, Rha-H-1), 4.06 (1H, d,= 9.5 Hz, Glc-H-6), 3.92 (1H, dd,= 3.4, 1.6 Hz, Rha-H-2), 3.73 (1H, dd,= 9.5, 3.4 Hz, Rha-H-3), 3.69~3.65 (3H, overlapped, Rha-H-5, Glc-H-6, 5), 3.53~3.51 (2H, overlapped, Glc-H-2, 3), 3.45~3.42 (1H, m, Glc-H-4), 3.35 (1H, overlapped, Rha-H-4), 1.20 (3H, d,= 6.2 Hz, Rha-6-CH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD): 184.1 (C-4), 166.8 (C-2), 164.7 (C-7), 163.0 (C-5), 162.9 (C-4′), 158.9 (C-9), 129.7 (C-2′, 6′), 123.1 (C-1′), 117.1 (C-3′, 5′), 107.1 (C-10), 104.2 (C-3), 102.1 (Glc-C-1), 101.5 (Rha-C-1), 101.1 (C-6), 96.3 (C-8), 77.8 (Glc-C-3), 77.1 (Glc-C-5), 74.7 (Glc-C-2), 74.1 (Rha-C-4), 72.4 (Rha-C-3), 72.1 (Rha-C-2), 71.3 (Glc-C-4), 69.8 (Rha-C-5), 67.4 (Glc-C-6), 17.9 (Rha-C-6)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[16],故鑒定化合物5為芹菜素-7--蘆丁糖苷。

化合物6:黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 593 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 7.38 (2H, overlapped, H-2′, 6′), 6.91 (1H, d,= 8.8 Hz, H-5′), 6.71 (1H, brs, H-8), 6.57 (1H, s, H-3), 6.50 (1H, d,= 1.7 Hz, H-6), 5.03 (1H, d,= 7.0 Hz, Glc-H-1), 4.72 (1H, brs, Rha-H-1), 4.05 (1H, d,= 9.7 Hz, Glc-H-6), 3.91 (1H, dd,= 1.8 Hz, Rha-H-2), 3.74 (1H, dd,= 9.5, 3.4 Hz, Rha-H-3), 3.68~3.61 (3H, overlapped, Rha-H-5, Glc-H-6, 5), 3.52~3.45 (2H, overlapped, Glc-H-2, 3), 3.40 (1H, t,= 8.8 Hz, Glc-H-4), 3.35 (1H, overlapped, Rha-H-4), 1.19 (3H, d,= 6.2 Hz, Rha-6-CH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD): 184.0 (C-4), 166.9 (C-2), 164.7 (C-7), 162.9 (C-5), 158.9 (C-9), 151.2 (C-4′), 147.0 (C-3′), 123.5 (C-1′), 120.6 (C-6′), 116.9 (C-2′), 114.3 (C-5′), 107.1 (C-10), 104.3 (C-3), 102.1 (Glc-C-1), 101.6 (Rha-C-1), 101.1 (C-6), 96.2 (C-8), 77.8 (Glc-C-3), 77.2 (Glc-C-5), 74.8 (Glc-C-2), 74.1 (Rha-C-4), 72.4 (Rha-C-3), 72.1 (Rha-C-2), 71.3 (Glc-C-4), 69.8 (Rha-C-5), 67.5 (Glc-C-6), 17.9 (Rha-C-6)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[17],故鑒定化合物6為木犀草素-7--蘆丁糖苷。

化合物7:黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 737 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 7.98 (2H, d,= 8.3 Hz, H-2′, 6′), 7.12 (2H, d,= 8.3 Hz, H-3′, 5′), 6.75 (1H, s, H-3), 6.71 (1H, brs, H-8), 6.52 (1H, brs, H-6), 5.31 (1H, brs, Rha-H-1′′′), 5.20 (1H, d,= 7.2 Hz, Glc-H-1′′), 4.72 (1H, brs, Rha-H-1′′′′), 4.06 (1H, d,= 9.5 Hz, Glc-H-6′′), 3.97 (2H, overlapped, Rha-H-2′′′, 2′′′′), 3.91 (3H, s, 4′-OCH3), 3.72~3.65 (8H, overlapped, Rha-H-3′′′′, 5′′′′, Glc-H-2′′, 3′′, 5′′, 6′′, Rha-H-3′′′, 5′′′), 3.46~3.42 (2H, overlapped, Rha-H-4′′′, Glc-H-4′′), 3.37 (1H, overlapped, Rha-H-4′′′′), 1.37 (3H, d,= 5.8 Hz, Rha-6′′′-CH3), 1.19 (3H, d,= 5.8 Hz, Rha-6′′′′-CH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD): 184.0 (C-4), 166.5(C-2), 164.5 (C-7), 164.4 (C-4′), 163.1 (C-5), 158.9 (C-9), 129.5 (C-2′, 6′), 124.4 (C-1′), 115.7 (C-3′, 5′), 107.2 (C-10), 104.7 (C-3), 102.5 (Rha-C-1′′′′), 102.1 (Rha-C-1′′′), 101.0 (C-6), 99.8 (Glc-C-1′′), 96.1 (C-8), 79.0 (Glc-C-3′′), 79.0 (Glc-C-2′′), 77.0 (Glc-C-5′′), 74.1 (Rha-C-4′′′′), 74.0 (Rha-C-4′′′), 72.4 (Rha-C-3′′′′), 72.2 (Rha-C-2′′′, 2′′′′), 72.1 (Rha-C-3′′′), 71.4 (Glc-C-4′′), 70.0 (Rha-C-5′′′′), 69.8 (Rha-C-5′′′), 67.4 (Glc-C-6′′), 56.1 (4′-OCH3), 18.3 (Rha-C-6′′′), 17.9 (Rha-C-6′′′′)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[18],故鑒定化合物7為密蒙花新苷。

化合物8:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 447 [M+H]+;1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-6): 7.94 (2H, d,= 5.7 Hz, H-2′, 6′), 6.93 (2H, d,= 5.7 Hz, H-3′, 5′), 6.85 (1H, s, H-3), 6.82 (1H, brs, H-8), 6.43 (1H, brs, H-6), 5.10 (1H, brs, H-1′′), 3.68~3.15 (4H, overlapped, H-2′′~5′′);13C-NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-6): 182.0 (C-4), 171.2 (C-6′′), 164.3 (C-2), 163.0 (C-7), 161.5 (C-5), 161.1 (C-4′), 157.0 (C-9), 128.6 (C-2′, 6′), 120.9 (C-1′), 116.1 (C-3′, 5′), 105.3 (C-10), 103.1 (C-3), 99.6 (C-6), 99.6 (C-1′′), 94.8 (C-8), 76.4 (C-5′′), 74.3 (C-3′′), 72.9 (C-2′′), 71.9 (C-4′′)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[19],故鑒定化合物8為芹菜素-7--半乳糖醛酸苷。

化合物9:淡棕色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 621 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-6): 12.90 (1H, s, 5-OH), 8.08 (2H, d,= 9.0 Hz, H-2′, 6′), 7.22 (2H, d,= 9.0 Hz, H-3′, 5′), 6.98 (1H, s, H-3), 6.89 (1H, d,= 2.1 Hz, H-8), 6.48 (1H, d,= 2.1 Hz, H-6), 5.27 (1H, d,= 7.2 Hz, H-1′′), 5.24 (1H, d,= 7.3 Hz, H-1′′′), 4.05 (1H, d,= 9.6 Hz, H-5′′), 4.00 (1H, d,= 9.6 Hz, H-5′′′), 3.44~3.29 (6H, overlapped, H-2′′~4′′, 2′′′~4′′′);13C-NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-6): 182.1 (C-4), 170.0 (C-6′′), 170.0 (C-6′′′), 163.6 (C-2), 162.6 (C-7), 161.2 (C-5), 160.0 (C-4′), 157.0 (C-9), 128.4 (C-2′, 6′), 124.1 (C-1′), 116.5 (C-3′, 5′), 105.6 (C-10), 104.3 (C-3), 99.5 (C-6), 99.3 (C-1′′), 99.2 (C-1′′′), 94.8 (C-8), 75.8 (C-5′′), 75.7 (C-5′′′), 75.4 (C-3′′), 75.4 (C-3′′′), 72.9 (C-2′′′), 72.8 (C-2′′′), 71.3 (C-4′′′), 71.3 (C-4′′′)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[20],故鑒定化合物9為芹菜素-7,4′--葡萄糖醛酸苷。

化合物10:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 591 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-6): 7.89 (2H, d,= 8.0 Hz, H-2′, 6′), 6.92 (2H, d,= 8.0 Hz, H-3′, 5′), 6.82 (1H, s, H-3), 6.77 (1H, brs, H-8), 6.36 (1H, brs, H-6), 5.27 (1H, d,= 6.6 Hz, H-1′′), 5.12 (1H, s, H-1′′′), 3.77 (1H, d,= 9.3 Hz, H-5′′), 3.72 (1H, dd,= 9.3, 6.3 Hz, H-5′′′), 3.68 (1H, brs, H-2′′′), 3.50 (1H, overlapped, H-2′′), 3.45 (1H, overlapped, H-3′′), 3.31 (1H, overlapped, H-3′′′), 3.20 (1H, overlapped, H-4′′), 3.20 (1H, overlapped, H-4′′′), 1.19 (3H, d,= 6.2 Hz, 6′′′-CH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-6): 182.0 (C-4), 171.5 (C-6′′), 164.3 (C-2), 162.5 (C-7), 161.6 (C-4′), 161.1 (C-5), 157.0 (C-9), 128.5 (C-2′, 6′), 120.8 (C-1′), 116.0 (C-3′, 5′), 105.4 (C-10), 103.1 (C-3), 100.6 (C-1′′′), 99.3 (C-6), 97.4 (C-1′′), 94.3 (C-8), 77.2 (C-3′′), 76.2 (C-2′′), 74.0 (C-5′′), 71.9 (C-4′′), 71.9 (C-4′′′), 70.5 (C-2′′′), 70.4 (C-3′′′), 68.4 (C-5′′′), 18.1 (C-6′′′)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[21],故鑒定化合物10為芹菜素-7-- α-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-葡萄糖醛酸苷。

化合物11:黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 268 [M+H]+;1H-NMR (500 MHz, D2O): 8.22 (1H, s, H-8), 8.14 (1H, s, H-2), 5.96 (1H, s, H-1′), 4.38 (1H, s, H-3′), 4.25 (1H, s, H-4′), 3.87 (1H, overlapped, H-5′a), 3.80 (1H, overlapped, H-5′b);13C-NMR (125 MHz, D2O): 155.4 (C-6), 152.4 (C-2), 148.3 (C-4), 140.5 (C-8), 119.0 (C-5), 88.3 (C-1′), 85.8 (C-4′), 73.7 (C-2′), 70.6 (C-3′), 61.5 (C-5′)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[22],故鑒定化合物11為腺嘌呤核苷。

化合物12:淡黃色膠狀固體;ESI-MS/: 282 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-6): 7.93 (1H, s, H-8), 6.48 (2H, brs, 2-NH2), 5.68 (1H, d,= 6.0 Hz, H-1′), 4.38 (1H, t,= 6.0 Hz, H-2′), 4.07 (1H, t,= 4.0 Hz, H-3′), 3.86 (1H, d,= 3.6 Hz, H-4′), 3.60 (1H, m, H-5′a), 3.51 (1H, m, H-5′b);13C-NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-6): 156.8 (C-6), 153.7 (C-2), 151.3 (C-4), 135.6 (C-8), 116.7 (C-5), 86.4 (C-1′), 85.2 (C-4′), 73.7 (C-2′), 70.4 (C-3′), 61.4 (C-5′)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[23],故鑒定化合物12為鳥(niǎo)嘌呤核苷。

化合物13:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 167 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 7.60~7.55 (2H, m, H-2, 6), 6.84 (1H, d,= 8.7 Hz, H-5), 3.89 (3H, s, 3-OCH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD): 170.0 (C-7), 152.7 (C-4), 148.6 (C-3), 125.3 (C-6), 123.1 (C-1), 115.8 (C-2), 113.8 (C-5), 56.4 (3-OCH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[24],故鑒定化合物13為香草酸。

化合物14:黃色油狀物;ESI-MS/: 207 [M+Na]+;1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 5.95 (1H, brs, H-4), 3.80 (1H, d,= 11.5 Hz, H-7), 3.66 (1H, d,= 11.5 Hz, H-7), 2.95 (1H, d,= 17.3 Hz, H-2), 2.10 (1H, d,= 17.3 Hz, H-2), 2.05 (3H, s, 10-CH3), 1.14 (3H, s, 9-CH3), 1.04 (3H, s, 8-CH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD): 201.8 (C-3), 167.7 (C-5), 128.3 (C-4), 78.9 (C-6), 65.9 (C-7), 51.0 (C-2), 41.3 (C-1), 25.3 (C-8), 24.1 (C-9), 20.1 (C-10)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[7],故鑒定化合物14為鳶尾番紅花素M。

化合物15:白色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 353 [M+Na]+;1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 10.09 (1H, s, H-7), 4.43 (1H, d,= 7.7 Hz, Glc-H-1), 4.09 (1H, m, H-4), 3.86 (1H, d,= 12.4 Hz, Glc-H-6), 3.67 (1H, m, Glc-H-6), 3.36~3.30 (3H, overlapped, Glc-H-5, Glc-H-4, Glc-H-3), 3.16 (1H, t,= 8.2 Hz, Glc-H-2), 2.69 (1H, dd,= 18.8, 4.6 Hz, H-3a), 2.32 (1H, dd,= 18.8, 8.9 Hz, H-3b), 2.15 (3H, s, 10-CH3), 1.86 (1H, d,= 12.5 Hz, H-5a), 1.54 (1H, t,= 12.5 Hz, H-5b), 1.24 (3H, s, 8-CH3), 1.22 (3H, s, 9-CH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD): 193.5 (C-7), 155.7 (C-2), 141.1 (C-1), 102.6 (Glc-C-1), 78.1 (Glc-C-5), 77.9 (Glc-C-3), 75.1 (Glc-C-2), 72.0 (C-4), 71.6 (Glc-C-4), 62.7 (Glc-C-6), 48.3 (C-5), 42.3 (C-3), 36.6 (C-6), 29.3 (C-8), 27.9 (C-9), 19.3 (C-10)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[25],故鑒定化合物15為苦藏花素。

化合物16:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 443 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 7.77 (1H, d,= 16.0 Hz, H-4), 6.31 (1H, d,= 16.0 Hz, H-5), 5.82 (1H, s, H-2), 4.36 (1H, d,= 7.8 Hz, Glc-H-1), 4.24 (1H, m, H-3′), 3.86 (1H, d,= 11.1 Hz, Glc-H-6), 3.79 (1H, dd,= 7.2, 1.7 Hz, H-7′a), 3.74 (1H, d,= 7.2 Hz, H-7′b), 3.68~3.66 (1H, m, Glc-H-6), 3.34 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-3), 3.29 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-4), 3.27 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-5), 3.14 (1H, dd,= 9.0, 8.0 Hz, Glc-H-2), 2.17 (1H, m, H-4′ax), 1.97 (3H, s, 6-CH3), 1.95 (1H, m, H-2′ax), 1.82 (1H, m, H-4′eq), 1.79 (1H, m, H-2′eq), 1.16 (3H, s, 9′-CH3), 0.93 (3H, s, 10′-CH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD): 174.3 (C-1), 143.3 (C-3), 132.8 (C-5), 131.3 (C-4), 126.2 (C-2), 103.1 (Glc-C-1), 87.6 (C-5′), 83.2 (C-8′), 78.0 (Glc-C-3), 77.9 (Glc-C-5), 77.1 (C-7′), 75.1 (Glc-C-2), 74.0 (C-3′), 71.6 (Glc-C-4), 62.7 (Glc-C-6), 42.8 (C-2′), 42.7 (C-4′), 20.7 (C-6), 19.7 (C-9′), 16.4 (C-10′)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[26],故鑒定化合物16為二氫紅花菜豆酸-3′--β--葡萄糖苷。

化合物17:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 466 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-6): 7.94 (1H, d,= 15.9 Hz, H-4), 6.25 (1H, d,= 15.9 Hz, H-5), 5.69 (1H, s, H-2), 4.19 (1H, d,= 7.8 Hz, Glc-H-1), 4.08 (1H, m, H-3′), 3.66 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-6), 3.64 (1H, overlapped, H-7′a), 3.57 (1H, d,= 7.1 Hz, H-7′b), 3.37 (1H, overlapped, Glc-H-6), 3.12 (1H, t,= 8.4 Hz, Glc-H-3), 3.09 (1H, m, Glc-H-4), 3.03 (1H, t,= 9.0 Hz, Glc-H-5), 2.89 (1H, t,= 8.4 Hz, Glc-H-2), 2.05 (1H, dd,= 13.3, 6.7 Hz, H-4′ax), 1.96 (3H, s, 6-CH3), 1.82 (1H, dd,= 13.3, 6.7 Hz, H-2′ax), 1.64 (1H, overlapped, H-4′eq), 1.63 (1H, overlapped, H-2′eq), 1.05 (3H, s, 9′-CH3), 0.84 (3H, s, 10′-CH3);13C-NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-6): 130.4 (C-5), 130.4 (C-4), 101.5 (Glc-C-1), 85.5 (C-5′), 81.2 (C-8′), 76.8 (Glc-C-3), 76.7 (Glc-C-5), 75.1 (C-7′), 73.4 (Glc-C-2), 71.5 (C-3′), 70.1 (Glc-C-4), 61.1 (Glc-C-6), 47.8 (C-1′), 41.7 (C-2′), 41.5 (C-4′), 20.7 (C-6), 19.6 (C-9′), 16.1 (C-10′)。在13C-NMR中未檢測(cè)到C-1、C-2和C-3的信號(hào),可能是其羧基形成了鈉鹽,碳原子弛豫時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的關(guān)系。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[27],故鑒定化合物17為二氫紅花菜豆酸鈉鹽-3′--β--葡萄糖苷。

化合物18:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 385 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-6): 7.20 (1H, d,= 15.8 Hz, H-7), 6.87 (2H, s, H-2, 6), 6.43 (1H, d,= 15.8 Hz, H-8), 4.97 (1H, d,= 6.3 Hz, Glc-H-1), 3.78 (6H, s, 3, 5-OCH3), 3.57 (1H, d,= 11.4 Hz, Glc-H-6), 3.42 (1H, dd,= 11.4, 5.2 Hz, Glc-H-6), 3.21~3.20 (2H, m, Glc-H-3, 4), 3.15 (1H, m, Glc-H-2), 3.03 (1H, m, Glc-H-5);13C-NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-6): 169.5 (C-9), 152.7 (C-3, 5), 138.3 (C-7), 135.0 (C-4), 131.5 (C-1), 125.8 (C-8), 105.7 (C-2, 6), 102.5 (Glc-C-1), 77.3 (Glc-C-5), 76.6 (Glc-C-3), 74.2 (Glc-C-2), 69.9 (Glc-C-4), 60.8 (Glc-C-6), 56.4 (3, 5-OCH3)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[28],故鑒定化合物18為()-芥子酸-4-- β--吡喃葡萄糖苷。

化合物19:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 179 [M-H]?;1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 7.53 (1H, d,= 15.9 Hz, H-7), 7.03 (1H, d,= 2.0 Hz, H-2), 6.93 (1H, dd,= 8.2, 2.0 Hz, H-6), 6.78 (1H, d,= 8.2 Hz, H-5), 6.22 (1H, d,= 15.9 Hz, H-8);13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD): 171.1 (C-9), 149.4 (C-4), 147.0 (C-3), 146.8 (C-7), 127.8 (C-1), 122.8 (C-6), 116.5 (C-5), 115.6 (C-8), 115.1 (C-2)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[29],故鑒定化合物19為咖啡酸。

化合物20:淡黃色無(wú)定形粉末;ESI-MS/: 377 [M+Na]+;1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 7.56 (1H, d,= 15.9 Hz, H-7′), 7.04 (1H, d,= 1.1 Hz, H-2′), 6.93 (1H, d,= 8.3 Hz, H-6′), 6.77 (1H, d,= 8.3 Hz, H-5′), 6.28 (1H, d,= 15.9 Hz, H-8′), 5.37 (1H, brs, H-5), 4.18 (1H, brs, H-3), 3.71 (1H, d,= 7.5 Hz, H-4), 2.25~2.01 (4H, m, H-2, 6);13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD): 168.8 (C-9′), 149.6 (C-4′), 147.1 (C-7′), 146.8 (C-3′), 127.8 (C-1′), 123.0 (C-6′), 116.5 (C-5′), 115.3 (C-8′), 115.2 (C-2′)。該化合物采用HPLC方法在相同條件下與綠原酸對(duì)照品進(jìn)行比對(duì),保留時(shí)間一致,且氫譜數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致[30],故鑒定化合物20為綠原酸。

5 討論

本實(shí)驗(yàn)從密蒙花水提取物中分離并鑒定了20個(gè)化合物,包括1個(gè)新的環(huán)烯醚萜苷類化合物(1)以及2個(gè)已知環(huán)烯醚萜類化合物(2、3),7個(gè)黃酮類化合物(4~10),2個(gè)生物堿類化合物(11、12)和8個(gè)其他類型化合物(13~20)。其中,有6個(gè)化合物為醉魚(yú)草屬中首次分離得到,6個(gè)化合物為密蒙花中首次分離得到。密蒙花作為一味傳統(tǒng)的防治眼疾的中藥,具有1000多年臨床用藥歷史,時(shí)至今日仍是中醫(yī)藥防治眼部疾病的常規(guī)用藥,但截至目前,國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)密蒙花防治眼部疾病的研究多集中在提取物層面,對(duì)其治療眼疾的藥效物質(zhì)尚不清楚。因此,開(kāi)展密蒙花中單體化合物防治眼疾的現(xiàn)代藥理研究是十分必要的,值得深入研究。

利益沖突 所有作者均聲明不存在利益沖突

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A new iridoid glycoside from

LONG Ze-hai1, WANG Qi-yao1, LI Bo2, 3, ZHANG Yong2, 3, JIA Qi1, LI Yi-ming1, ZHU Wei-liang2, 3

1. School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China 2. Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

To study the chemical constituents from water extract of the air-dried flower buds of(Loganiaceae).The compounds were isolated and purified by reflux-extraction, solvent extraction and column chromatography (CC), and their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and MS data.Twenty compounds were isolated from the water extract ofand identified as 6α-hydroxy-8β-hydroxymethyl- 1β,5α,6β,7β,9α-pentahydro-7(8)-epoxy-2-oxaind-3-ene-1--α--rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β--glucopyranoside (1), 6--methylcatalpol (2), catalpol (3), linarin (4), apigenin-7--rutinoside (5), luteolin-7--rutinoside (6), neobudofficide (7), apigenin-7--galacturonide (8), apigenin-7,4′-di--glucuronide (9), apigenin-7--α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-glucuronide (10), adenosine (11), guanosine (12), vanillic acid (13), crocusatin M (14), picrocrocin (15), dihydrophaseic acid-3′--β--glucopyranoside (16), dihydrophaseic acid sodium salt-3′--β--glucopyranoside (17), ()-sinapic acid-4--β--glucopyranoside (18), caffeic acid (19), and chlorogenic acid (20).Compound 1 is a new iridoid glycoside, named 6′--α--rhamnopyranosyl-catalpol, and compounds 9, 10, 15—18 are isolated fromgenus for the first time. Furthermore, 3, 8, 11, 12, 19 and 20 are isolated from the flower buds offor the first time.

(Buddleia auct.) Linn.;Maxim.; iridoid glycoside; 6′--α--rhamnopyranosyl-catalpol; apigenin-7,4′-di--glucuronide; picrocrocin

R284.1

A

0253 - 2670(2021)01 - 0035 - 10

10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2021.01.006

2020-11-24

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(81603270);上海市揚(yáng)帆計(jì)劃(16YF1414100)

龍澤海(1995—),男,碩士在讀,研究方向?yàn)橹兴幓瘜W(xué)成分。E-mail: 1808825032@qq.com

賈 琦,女,副教授。Tel: (021)51322207 E-mail: q_jia@126.com

張 勇,男,助理研究員。E-mail: zhangyong109@simm.ac.cn

[責(zé)任編輯 王文倩]

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