陳炯 鄭春生 湯厚闊
·論著·
載脂蛋白E和補體C4b1在人胰腺癌組織中的表達及意義
陳炯 鄭春生 湯厚闊
目的檢測載脂蛋白E(ApoE)和補體C4b1在人胰腺癌組織中的表達,探討其意義。方法應用免疫組化法檢測38例胰腺癌和相應癌旁正常胰腺組織ApoE、C4b1蛋白表達;應用RT-PCR法檢測20例胰腺癌和相應癌旁正常胰腺組織ApoE、C4b1 mRNA表達。分析ApoE、C4b1的表達與胰腺癌生物特征的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果胰腺癌組織ApoE、C4b1蛋白表達陽性率分別為86.8%(33/38)和76.3%(29/38),顯著高于癌旁正常胰腺組織的42.1%(16/38)和26.3%(10/38)(P值均﹤0.01);有淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移的胰腺癌組織ApoE、C4b1蛋白表達陽性率分別為78.3%(18/23)和73.9%(17/23),明顯高于無轉(zhuǎn)移者的33.3%(5/15)和40.0%(6/15)(P值均﹤0.05)。胰腺癌ApoE、C4b1 mRNA表達量分別為4.83±0.65、7.94±0.95,明顯高于癌旁正常胰腺組織的1.78±0.74、1.22±0.57(P值均﹤0.01);有淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移的胰腺癌組織ApoE、C4b1 mRNA的表達量為5.05±0.71、8.24±1.07,顯著高于無轉(zhuǎn)移者的4.42±0.25、7.39±0.15(P值均﹤0.05)。結(jié)論ApoE、C4b1在胰腺癌組織中高表達,并與胰腺癌淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移相關(guān)。
胰腺腫瘤; 載脂蛋白E類; 補體C4b; 轉(zhuǎn)移
載脂蛋白E(ApoE)是LDL受體的配體,與脂蛋白代謝密切相關(guān),同時還具有促進巨噬細胞內(nèi)膽固醇的溢出和抑制血小板聚集等功能[1]。目前研究證實,ApoE在多種腫瘤中表達上調(diào)。補體是體液免疫的重要部分,從理論的角度來分析,對于機體自身抗腫瘤是有利因素,但對補體C4b1在腫瘤中的作用研究甚少。本研究檢測胰腺癌組織ApoE、C4b1的表達,探討其臨床意義。
一、標本來源
收集安徽醫(yī)科大學附屬省立醫(yī)院2007年5月至2009年8月間病理科有完整病例資料的胰腺癌石蠟標本38例,男18例,女20例,年齡16~81歲,中位年齡61歲。其中高、中分化29例,低分化9例;Ⅰ期7例,Ⅱ~Ⅳ期31例;有淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移23例,無轉(zhuǎn)移15例。另收集2008年9月至2009年9月間手術(shù)切除的經(jīng)病理證實的胰腺癌新鮮標本和相應癌旁正常胰腺組織20例,男8例,女12例,年齡16~76歲,中位年齡60歲。其中高、中分化13例,低分化7例;Ⅰ期4例,Ⅱ~Ⅳ期16例;有淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移13例,無轉(zhuǎn)移7例。所有患者術(shù)前均未行放、化療。
二、免疫組化檢測ApoE、C4b1蛋白表達
石蠟標本常規(guī)行免疫組化法檢測ApoE、C4b1表達,由病理科醫(yī)師閱片。ApoE及C4b1陽性表現(xiàn)為胞質(zhì)出現(xiàn)棕黃色顆粒。每張切片計數(shù)500個細胞,陽性細胞占總細胞數(shù)超過5%為表達陽性[2]。
三、RT-PCR檢測ApoE、C4b1 mRNA表達
根據(jù)NCBIGenBank(M12529.1、K02403.1)收錄的人ApoE、C4b1序列,借助PrimerPremier5.0軟件設(shè)計引物。ApoE正義引物5′-CTGCGTTGCTGG-TCA-3′,反義引物5′-GCTCCTCGGTGCTCT-3′,產(chǎn)物長度435 bp;C4b1正義引物5′-GGAAGCAAA-CGAGGACTAT- 3′,反義引物5′-TTCAGCAGAACACAAGGTG-3′,產(chǎn)物長度517 bp;內(nèi)參β-actin正義引物5′-CAACTTCATCCACGTTCACC-3′,反義引物5′-GAAGAGCCAAGGACAGGTAC-3′,產(chǎn)物長度268 bp??俁NA提取按照Trizol試劑說明書的操作步驟進行。PCR參數(shù):94℃ 5 min,94℃ 30 s、51℃ 30 s、72℃ 30 s,30個循環(huán),72℃ 10 min。擴增產(chǎn)物經(jīng)瓊脂糖電泳分離、圖像分析儀掃描,以目的條帶與內(nèi)參條帶灰度值比作為mRNA相對表達量。
四、統(tǒng)計學分析處理
一、胰腺癌組織ApoE 、C4b1蛋白表達
ApoE、C4b1表達于胰腺癌細胞的胞質(zhì)(圖1、2)。38例胰腺癌組織中ApoE、C4b1表達陽性率分別為86.8%(33/38)和76.3%(29/38),相應癌旁正常胰腺組織分別為42.1%(16/38)和26.3%(10/38),差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義(P值均﹤0.01)。伴淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移的胰腺癌組織ApoE、C4b1表達陽性率分別為78.3%(18/23)和73.9%(17/23),無轉(zhuǎn)移者分別為33.3%(5/15)和40.0%(6/15),差異也具有統(tǒng)計學意義(P值均﹤0.05)。但胰腺癌組織ApoE和C4b1的表達與患者的血脂水平及腫瘤標記物CA19-9水平無關(guān)(表1)。
圖1ApoE(a)、C4b1(b)在胰腺癌組織中的表達(免疫組化 ×200)
1:Marker;2:有淋巴轉(zhuǎn)移的胰腺癌組織;3:正常胰腺組織;4:無淋巴轉(zhuǎn)移的胰腺癌組織
圖2ApoE 、C4b1 mRNA產(chǎn)物電泳圖
組別例數(shù)血脂(mmol/L)t值P值CA19?9(U/ml)t值P值A(chǔ)poE陽性組331.34±0.570.18>0.05233±1710.23>0.05ApoE陰性組51.29±0.60252±162C4b1陽性組291.32±0.540.20>0.05241±1780.37>0.05C4b1陰性組91.36±0.66217±138
二、胰腺癌組織ApoE、C4b1 mRNA表達
ApoE、C4b1 mRNA在胰腺癌組織中的表達量分別為4.83±0.65、7.94±0.95,相應癌旁正常胰腺組織中的表達量分別為1.78±0.74、1.22±0.57,兩者差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義(t=13.77,t=27.21,P值均﹤0.01)。有淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移的胰腺癌組織中ApoE、C4b1 mRNA的表達量分別為5.05±0.71、8.24±1.07,無轉(zhuǎn)移者分別為4.42±0.25、7.39±0.15,兩者差異也具有統(tǒng)計學意義(t=2.245,t=2.807,P值均﹤0.05)。
ApoE是LDL受體的配體,其主要生物學功能是運送脂肪。人類ApoE主要在肝臟和腦組織合成,其中肝臟合成60%~80%。以往研究表明,ApoE多與高血脂癥和心腦血管病有關(guān)。但隨著研究的深入,ApoE在腫瘤中的作用越來越被重視,相關(guān)研究越來越多。文獻報道[3-4],ApoE在卵巢癌和前列腺癌中呈高表達。Huvila等[5]報道ApoE在子宮內(nèi)膜腺癌中呈高表達,且與腫瘤的分化呈負相關(guān)。Moore等[6]發(fā)現(xiàn),ApoE及其基因的變種增加了患腎細胞癌的風險。Mrkonjic等[7]報道,飽和脂肪酸含量高的飲食與ApoE亞型的協(xié)同作用可增加患結(jié)直腸癌的風險。Gr?nborg等[8]報道,胰腺癌細胞株P(guān)ANC1的ApoE表達是正常胰腺細胞的20倍。Yu等[9]應用雙向凝膠電泳聯(lián)合串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜法對比分析了胰腺癌患者和正常對照人群血清蛋白的表達,并證實ApoE在胰腺癌患者血清中呈高表達。Gillard等[10]報道,ApoE分布于細胞內(nèi),并且可以被人肝癌細胞分泌。Martínez-Clemente等[11]通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)ApoE能抑制TNF-α的產(chǎn)生。本研究結(jié)果顯示,ApoE在胰腺癌中呈高表達,而且與淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移相關(guān),說明ApoE能促進胰腺癌的轉(zhuǎn)移。
C4b1與自身免疫性疾病發(fā)生密切相關(guān),尤其是與系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡(SLE)的發(fā)生關(guān)系密切[12],而且在誘導自身耐受性B細胞方面有十分關(guān)鍵的作用[13]。但C4b1在胰腺癌中的作用尚不明確。本研究結(jié)果顯示,C4b1在胰腺癌中呈高表達,而且與胰腺癌的淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移具有相關(guān)性,這是否是機體患病后的保護性免疫反應目前尚不得而知,但也為胰腺癌的進一步研究提供了新的思路。
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2010-10-21)
(本文編輯:呂芳萍)
ApolipoproteinEandcomplementC4b1expressionsanditssignificanceinhumanpancreaticcarcinoma
CHENJiong,ZHENGChun-sheng,TANGHou-kuo.
DepartmentofGeneralSurgery,AnhuiProvincialHospital,AnhuiMedicalUniversity,Hefei230001,China
CHENJiong,Email:ch_jiong@126.com
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of apolipoprotein E(ApoE) and complement C4b1 in pancreatic carcinoma and study its significance.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ApoE and C4b1 protein in 38 cases of pancreatic carcinoma tissues and adjacent normal pancreatic tissues, and RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of ApoE and C4b1 mRNA in 20 cases of pancreatic carcinoma tissues and adjancent normal pancreatic tissues. The relevance of ApoE and C4b1 expressions to the biological features of pancreatic carcinoma were analyzed.ResultsThe positive rates of ApoE and C4b1 expressions are 86.8%(33/38) and 76.3%(29/38) in pancreatic carcinoma, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in normal pancreatic tissues [42.1%(16/38) and26.3%(10/38),P﹤0.01].The positive rates of ApoE and C4b1 expressions [78.3%(18/23) and 73.9%(17/23)〗 in patients with metastasis were significantly higher than in those without metastasis [(33.3%(5/15) and 40.0%(6/15),P﹤0.05). Significantly higher expressions of ApoE and C4b1 mRNA were noted in pancreatic carcinoma(4.83±0.65 and 7.94±0.95) than those in the normal pancreatic tissue(1.78±0.74 and 1.22±0.57,P﹤0.01), and patients with metastasis showed significantly higher expression of ApoE and C4b1 mRNA (5.05±0.71 and 8.24±1.07) than those without metastasis (4.42±0.25 and 7.39±0.15,P﹤0.05).ConclusionsApoE and C4b1 were highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, and may be closely related with lymph node metastasis.
Pancreatic neoplasms; Apolipoproteins E; Complement C4b; Metastasis
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-1935.2011.02.004
安徽省科技攻關(guān)計劃項目(07010302203)
230001 合肥,安徽醫(yī)科大學附屬省立醫(yī)院普外科
陳炯,Email:ch_jiong@126.com