趙明+吳霜+李軍+唐萬俠+王金蘭+張樹軍
[摘要] 為了研究貓眼草的化學(xué)成分,采用硅膠柱色譜和制備 HPLC 等分離純化方法,從貓眼草無水乙醇浸提液的正己烷萃取物中分離得到 14 個化合物。經(jīng)波譜數(shù)據(jù)分析及理化性質(zhì)鑒定其結(jié)構(gòu)分別為羽扇豆醇(1),大戟醇(2),cassipourol(3),24-methylenecycloartan-3β-ol(4),24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3β-ol(5),25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol(6),白樺脂醇(7),熊果醇(8),(23E)-25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol(9),(23E)-cycloart-23,25-dien-3β-ol(10),24-methylenecycloartan-3β,28-diol(11),salicinolide(12),2α,3β,5α,9α,15β-pentaacetoxy-11,12-epoxy-7β,8α-diisobutyryloxyjatropha-6(17)-en-14-one(13),3β,5α,15β-triacetoxy-7β-isobutyryloxy-9α-nicotinoyloxyjatropha-6(17),11(E)-dien-14-one(14),化合物 1~11 為首次從該植物中分離得到。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 貓眼草;二萜;三萜
貓眼草Euphorbia lunulata Bge 為大戟科大戟屬多年生草本植物,產(chǎn)于遼寧、吉林、黑龍江、山西等地,高15~40 cm,莖直立,多分枝,表面黃綠色。其性微寒,略帶苦味,微毒,常被用于治療祛痰、鎮(zhèn)咳、平喘、拔毒止癢等病[1]。貓眼草全草含有的黃酮類成分,已證實具有祛痰止咳作用。貓眼草種子中的七葉內(nèi)酯和貓眼草素有體外抑菌活性[2]。貓眼草藥用歷史悠久,但國內(nèi)外對貓眼草的研究主要集中在黃酮類化合物方面,對在大戟屬中可能具有良好藥理活性的萜類物質(zhì)研究較少。為探討具有較好生理活性的化學(xué)成分,完善貓藥草的藥用價值,本文對貓眼草全草的化學(xué)成分進行了進一步的研究,從其乙醇浸泡液的正己烷萃取物中分離鑒定了 14 個化合物,分別鑒定為羽扇豆醇(1),大戟醇(2),cassipourol(3),24-methylenecycloartan-3β-ol(4),24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3β-ol(5),25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol(6),白樺脂醇(7),熊果醇(8),(23E)-25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol(9),(23E)-cycloart-23,25-dien-3β-ol(10),24-methylenecycloartan-3β,28-diol(11),salicinolide(12),2α,3β,5α,9α,15β-pentaacetoxy-11,12-epoxy-7β,8α-diisobutyryloxyjatropha-6(17)-en-14-one(13),3β,5α,15β-triacetoxy-7β-isobutyryloxy-9α-nicotinoyloxyjatropha-6(17),11(E)-dien-14-one(14),其中,化合物 1~11 為首次從該植物中分離得到。
1 材料
熔點用北京泰克儀器有限公司生產(chǎn)的X-6型熔點測定儀測定,溫度未校正;1H,13C-NMR 用Bruker AM-400 型和 Bruker VNS-600 型核磁共振波譜儀測定,TMS 為內(nèi)標;質(zhì)譜用美國WATERS公司產(chǎn)HPLC/Xevo G2 QTof 型超高效液相色譜/四極桿/飛行時間串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜儀測定;旋光用 AUTOPOL V型旋光儀測定;HITACHI L-7100 型高效液相色譜儀為日本日立公司生產(chǎn):半制備色譜柱 PREP-ODS(10 mm×250 mm,5 μm)和 PREP-SIL(10 mm×250 mm,5 μm);中壓制備液相 MP200 為天津博納艾杰爾科技有限公司生產(chǎn);柱色譜硅膠(200~300 目)和 TLC 薄層板為青島海洋化工廠生產(chǎn)。無水乙醇、正己烷、甲醇和乙酸乙酯等均為分析純。
2010 年 6 月 12 日于齊齊哈爾市明月島采得新鮮貓眼草,室內(nèi)陰干。經(jīng)齊齊哈爾大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院沙偉教授鑒定為E. lunulata,標本收藏于齊齊哈爾大學(xué)化工學(xué)院天然有機物研究室(EL-20100612)。
2 提取與分離
干燥貓眼草全草 4.4 kg,切碎,室溫下用無水乙醇提取(4×20 L),經(jīng)過濾、減壓濃縮至無醇味,加水分散后,用正己烷萃?。?0 × 1.0 L),合并萃取液減壓濃縮至恒重,得正己烷萃取物 194.0 g。
取正己烷萃取物(100 g)進行硅膠柱色譜分離,依次用正己烷-乙酸乙酯 9∶1(5.5 L),7∶3(10.0 L),0∶1(7.0 L)洗脫,依據(jù)TLC 分析結(jié)果合并成分相近流出液,濃縮得到14個流分(Fr.1~14)。
Fr.6(7.5 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離,依次用正己烷-乙酸乙酯 9∶1(7.5 L),5∶5(2.6 L)洗脫,得到 11 個流分(Fr.6-1~6-11)。Fr.6-3(2.3 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜及半制備 HPLC(甲醇-水-氯仿95∶2∶3,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離純化,得到化合物 1(4.2 mg,tR=33.58 min),2(12.7 mg, tR=35.72 min);Fr. 6-4(3.3 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離,依次用正己烷-乙酸乙酯,95∶5(3.2 L),8∶2(1.8 L),0∶1(1.0 L)洗脫,得到 9 個流分(Fr. 6-4-1~6-3-9);其中 Fr. 6-4-5(366.2 mg)經(jīng)反相半制備 HPLC(甲醇-氯仿 97∶3,流速4 mL·min-1)分離,得到化合物 3(6.6 mg,tR=9.68 min)和其他 6 個流分(Fr. 6-4-5-1~6-4-5-6);其中,F(xiàn)r. 6-4-5-6(168.4 mg)經(jīng)反相半制備 HPLC(甲醇-水-氯仿 95∶3∶2,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離純化,得到化合物 4(72.2 mg,tR=40.38 min)。endprint
Fr.8(13.8 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離,依次用正己烷-乙酸乙酯 9∶1(2.0 L),7∶3(2.5 L),0∶1(1.0 L)洗脫,得到5個流分(Fr.8-1~8-5)。Fr.8-3(5.0 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜及正相半制備 HPLC(正己烷-乙酸乙酯 94∶6,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離,得到化合物 5(16.4 mg,tR=25.71 min),6(20.2 mg,tR=29.15 min)。
Fr. 12(5.5 g)經(jīng)硅膠柱色譜分離,依次用正己烷-乙酸乙酯 8∶2(2.5 L),6∶4(2.8 L),0∶1(1.6 L)洗脫,得到 6 個流分(Fr. 12-1~12-6)。Fr. 12-4(2.8 g)經(jīng)中壓制備 MPLC 分離,依次用正己烷-乙酸乙酯(8∶2,6∶4,0∶1 )混合溶劑洗脫,得到 5 個流分(Fr. 12-4-1~12-4-5);其中 Fr. 12-4-3(1.4 g)用正相半制備 HPLC(正己烷-乙酸乙酯 7∶3,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離,得到 5 個流分(Fr. 12-4-3-1~12-4-3-5);Fr. 12-4-3-1(915.8 mg)再用反相半制備 HPLC(甲醇-水-氯仿 90∶7∶3,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離,得到化合物 7(9.4 mg,tR=20.79 min)和 8(7.6 mg,tR=22.87 min)。Fr. 12-4-4(1.0 g)用正相半制備 HPLC(正己烷-乙酸乙酯 7∶3,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離,得到 6 個流分(Fr. 12-4-4-1~12-4-4-6);其中 Fr. 12-4-4-1(665.2 mg)用反相半制備 HPLC(甲醇,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離純化,得到化合物 9 (1.5 mg,tR=17.74 min)和 10(1.6 mg,tR=25.30 min)。
Fr. 13(2.7 g)用硅膠柱色譜分離,依次用正己烷-乙酸乙酯 6∶4(2.8 L),4∶6(1.4 L),0∶1(1.2 L)洗脫,得到9個流分(Fr. 13-1~13-9)。Fr. 13-5(635.5 mg)用正相半制備HPLC(正己烷-乙酸乙酯 7∶3,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離,得到 9 個流分(Fr. 13-5-1~13-5-9)。其中Fr. 13-5-5(145.5 mg)用反相半制備 HPLC(甲醇,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離純化,得化合物 11(3.5 mg,tR=9.60 min)和其他 3 個流分(Fr. 13-5-5-1~13-5-5-3);Fr. 13-5-5-1(92.6 mg)用反相半制備 HPLC(甲醇-乙腈-水 5∶2∶3,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離,得到化合物12(3.0 mg,tR=22.88 min),13(8.3 mg,tR=17.92 min)和其他 6 個流分(Fr. 13-5-5-1-1~13-5-5-1-6)。其中 Fr. 13-5-5-1-5(31.7 mg)用反相半制備 HPLC(甲醇-乙腈-水 47∶20∶33,流速 4 mL·min-1)分離純化,得到化合物 14(9.2 mg,tR=40.75 min)。
3 結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定
化合物1 白色針晶(甲醇);mp 215~216 ℃;ESI-MS m/z 449[M+Na]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:4.68(1H,br s,H-29a),4.57(1H,br s,H-29b),3.19(1H,dd,J=11.2,5.1 Hz,H-3),2.38(1H,dt,J=11.0,5.9 Hz,H-19),1.68(3H,s,H-30),1.03(3H,s,H-26),0.97(3H,s,H-23),0.94(3H,s,H-27),0.83(3H,s,H-25),0.79(3H,s,H-28),0.76(3H,s,H-24); 13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:151.0(C-20),109.4(C-29),79.0(C-3),55.3(C-5),50.4(C-9),48.3(C-18),48.0(C-19),43.0(C-17),42.8(C-14),40.8(C-8),40.0(C-22),38.9(C-4),38.7(C-1),38.0(C-13),37.2(C-10),35.6(C-16),34.3(C-7),29.8(C-21),28.0(C-23),27.4(C-2),27.4(C-15),25.1(C-12),20.9(C-11),19.3(C-30),18.3(C-6),18.0(C-28),16.2(C-25),16.0(C-26),15.4(C-24),14.6(C-27)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[3]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為羽扇豆醇。
化合物2 白色粉末(乙酸乙酯);mp 116~118 ℃;ESI-MS m/z 449[M+Na]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:5.09(1H,t,J=7.2 Hz,H-24),3.24(1H,dd,J= 12.0,4.8 Hz,H-3),1.68(3H,s,H-26),1.60(3H,s,H-27),1.00(3H,s,H-29),0.95(3H,s,H-19),0.87(3H,s,H-28),0.85(3H,d,J=6.3 Hz,H-21),0.80(3H,s,H-18),0.75(3H,s,H-30); 13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:134.1(C-8),133.7(C-9),131.0(C-25),125.3(C-24),79.1(C-3),51.1(C-5),50.2(C-14),49.8(C-17),44.2(C-13),39.1(C-10),37.4(C-4),36.0(C-20),35.5(C-1),35.4(C-22),31.0(C-15),30.0(C-16),28.3(C-12),28.2(C-29),28.1(C-7),27.8(C-2),25.9(C-26),24.9(C-23),24.6(C-28),21.7(C-11),20.3(C-19),19.1(C-6),19.0(C-21),17.8(C-27),15.8(C-18),15.7(C-30)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[4]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為大戟醇。endprint
化合物3 白色粉末;ESI-MS m/z 295[M+H]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:5.41(1H,t,J=6.9 Hz,H-14),4.15(2H,d,J=6.9 Hz,H-15),2.00(2H,t,J=7.3 Hz,H-12),1.67(3H,br s,H-20),0.87(3H,s,H-16),0.86(3H,s,H-17),0.85(3H,d,J=6.2 Hz,H-18),0.84(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,H-19);13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:140.4(C-13),123.0(C-14),59.5(C-15),39.9(C-12),39.4(C-2),37.5(C-10),37.4(C-4),37.4(C-8),36.7(C-1),32.8(C-6),32.7(C-9),28.0(C-5),25.1(C-11),24.8(C-3),24.5(C-7),22.8(C-16),22.7(C-17),19.8(C-18),19.7(C-19),16.2(C-20)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[5]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為 cassipourol。
化合物4 白色粉末;ESI-MS m/z 441[M+H]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:4.72(1H,br s,H-31a),4.67(1H,br s,H-31b),3.29(1H,dd, J=8.9,4.4,Hz,H-3),2.23(1H,sept, J=6.8 Hz,H-25),1.03(3H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H-26),1.02(3H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H-27),0.97(3H,s,H-29),0.97(3H,s,H-18),0.90(3H,s,H-28),0.89(3H,d,J=6.2 Hz,H-21),0.81(3H,s,H-30),0.56(1H,d,J=4.1 Hz,H-19a),0.33(1H,d,J=4.1 Hz,H-19b); 13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:156.9(C-24),106.0(C-31),78.9(C-3),52.3(C-17),48.8(C-14),48.0(C-8),47.2(C-5),45.3(C-13),40.5(C-4),36.2(C-20),35.6(C-12),35.0(C-22),33.8(C-25),33.0(C-15),32.0(C-1),31.4(C-23),30.4(C-2),29.9(C-19),28.2(C-7),26.5(C-16),26.1(C-11),26.0(C-10),25.5(C-29),22.0(C-27),21.9(C-26),21.2(C-6),20.0(C-9),19.4(C-28),18.4(C-21),18.1(C-18),14.1(C-30)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[6]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為24-methylenecycloartan-3β-ol。
化合物5 白色針晶(甲醇);mp 128~129 ℃;[α]25D+46(c 0.4,CHCl3 );ESI-MS m/z 441[M-OH]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:7.94(1H,s,OOH),5.03(1H,m,H-26a),5.01(1H,br s,H-26b),4.27(1H,br t,J=6.5 Hz,H-24),3.28(1H,m,H-3),1.73(3H,br s,H-27),0.97(3H,s,H-18),0.96(3H,s,H-28),0.89(3H,s,H-30),0.87(3H,d,J=6.5 Hz,H-21),0.81(3H,s,H-29),0.55(1H,d,J=4.1 Hz,H-19a),0.33(1H,d, J=4.1 Hz,H-19b); 13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:144.0(C-25),143.7(C-25),114.4(C-26),114.9(C-26),90.5(C-24),90.4(C-24),79.0(C-3),52.3(C-17),52.2(C-17),48.9(C-14),48.1(C-8),47.2(C-5),45.4(C-13),40.6(C-4),36.1(C-20),36.0(C-20),35.7(C-15),33.0(C-12),32.2(C-23),32.1(C-1),30.5(C-2),30.0(C-19),28.2(C-16),27.7(C-22),27.4(C-22),26.6(C-11),26.2(C-10),26.1(C-7),25.6(C-28),21.2(C-6),20.1(C-9),19.4(C-30),18.4(C-21),18.3(C-21),18.2(C-18),17.0(C-27),17.3(C-27),14.1(C-29)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[7]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為 24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3β-ol。
化合物6 白色針晶(甲醇);mp 138~139 ℃;[α]25D+30(c 0.3,CHCl3);ESI-MS m/z 441[M-OH]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:5.69(1H,ddd,J=15.8,8.2,6.1 Hz,H-23),5.53(1H,d,J=15.8 Hz,H-24),3.29(1H,m,H-3),1.34(3H,s,H-26),1.34(3H,s,H-27),0.97(3H,s,H-18),0.97(3H,s,H-28),0.88(3H,s,H-30),0.87(3H,d, J = 6.4 Hz,H-21),0.81(3H,s,H-29),0.55(1H,d, J=4.2 Hz,H-19a),0.33(1H,d,J=4.2 Hz,H-19b);13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:134.5(C-24),130.7(C-23),82.3(C-25),78.9(C-3),52.1(C-17),48.8(C-14),48.0(C-8),47.1(C-5),45.4(C-13),40.5(C-4),39.4(C-22),36.3(C-20),35.6(C-15),32.8(C-12),32.0(C-1),30.4(C-2),29.9(C-19),28.1(C-16),26.4(C-11),26.1(C-10),26.0(C-7),25.4(C-28),24.4(C-27),24.4(C-26),21.1(C-6),20.0(C-9),19.3(C-30),18.4(C-21),18.1(C-18),14.0(C-29)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[7]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol。endprint
化合物7 白色針晶(甲醇);mp 236~238 ℃;[α]25D+ 24(c 0.075,吡啶);ESI-MS m/z 465[M+Na]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:4.68(1H,s,H-29a),4.58(1H,s,H-29b),3.79(1H,d,J=10.8 Hz,H-28a),3.33(1H,d,J=10.8 Hz,H-28b),3.18(1H,dd,J=11.5,4.4 Hz,H-3),2.38(1H,dt,J=10.9,6.0 Hz,H-19),1.68(3H,s,H-30),1.02(3H,s,H-26),0.98(3H,s,H-27),0.96(3H,s,H-23),0.82(3H,s,H-25),0.76(3H,s,H-24);13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:150.5(C-20),109.7(C-29),79.0(C-3),60.6(C-28),55.3(C-5),50.4(C-9),48.7(C-19),47.8(C-17),47.7(C-18),42.7(C-14),40.9(C-8),38.9(C-4),38.7(C-1),37.3(C-13),37.2(C-10),34.2(C-7),34.2(C-22),29.7(C-21),29.2(C-16),28.0(C-23),27.4(C-2),27.0(C-15),25.2(C-12),20.8(C-11),19.1(C-30),18.3(C-6),16.1(C-25),16.0(C-24),15.4(C-26),14.8(C-27)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[8]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為白樺脂醇。
化合物8 白色針晶(甲醇);mp 222~224 ℃;ESI-MS m/z 465[M+Na]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:5.13(1H,t,J=3.4 Hz,H-12),3.53(1H,d,J=11.0 Hz,H-28a),3.22(1H,dd, J=11.3,4.7 Hz,H-3),3.20(1H,d,J= 11.0 Hz,H-28b),1.10(3H,s,H-27),1.00(3H,s,H-26),0.99(3H,s,H-25),0.95(3H,d,J=6.1 Hz,H-29),0.94(3H,s,H-23),0.81(3H,d,J=5.7 Hz,H-30),0.79(3H,s,H-24); 13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:138.7(C-13),125.0(C-12),79.0(C-3),70.0(C-28),55.2(C-5),54.0(C-18),47.6(C-9),42.0(C-14),40.0(C-8),39.4(C-19),39.4(C-20),38.8(C-1),38.8(C-4),38.0(C-17),36.9(C-10),35.2(C-22),32.8(C-7),30.6(C-21),28.1(C-23),27.2(C-2),26.0(C-15),23.4(C-11),23.4(C-27),23.3(C-16),21.4(C-30),18.3(C-6),17.4(C-26),16.8(C-29),15.7(C-25),15.6(C-24)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[9]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為熊果醇。
化合物9 白色針晶(甲醇);mp 236~238 ℃;ESI-MS m/z 425[M-OCH3]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:5.52(1H,ddd,J=16.0,8.6,5.7 Hz,H-23),5.39(1H,d,J=16.0 Hz,H-24),3.28(1H,m,H-3),3.16(3H,s,-OCH3),1.25(3H,s,H-26),1.25(3H,s,H-27),0.97(3H,s,H-29),0.96(3H,s,H-18),0.87(3H,s,H-28),0.86(3H,d,J=6.4 Hz,H-21),0.80(3H,s,H-30),0.55(1H,d,J=4.0 Hz,H-19a),0.33(1H,d,J=4.0 Hz,H-19b); 13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:136.6(C-24),128.8(C-23),78.8(C-3),74.9(C-25),52.0(C-17),50.3(-OCH3),48.8(C-14),48.0(C-8),47.1(C-5),45.3(C-13),40.5(C-4),39.3(C-22),36.3(C-20),35.6(C-15),32.8(C-12),32.0(C-1),30.4(C-2),29.9(C-19),29.7(C-7),28.1(C-16),26.4(C-11),26.2(C-26),26.0(C-10),25.8(C-27),25.4(C-29),21.1(C-6),20.0(C-9),19.3(C-28),18.4(C-21),18.1(C-18),14.0(C-30)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[10]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定為(23E)-25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol。
化合物10 白色針晶(甲醇);mp 185~188 ℃;ESI-MS m/z 425[M+H]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:6.12(1H,d,J=15.6 Hz,H-24),5.64(1H,dt,J=15.6,7.0 Hz,H-23),4.85(2H,br s,H-26),3.29(1H,dd,J=11.2,4.2 Hz,H-3),1.83(3H,s,H-27),0.97(3H,s,29),0.97(3H,s,H-18),0.88(3H,s,H-28),0.87(3H,d,J=6.7 Hz,H-21),0.82(3H,s,H-30),0.55(1H,d,J=4.0 Hz,H-19a),0.33(1H,d,J=4.0 Hz,H-19b);13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:142.3 (C-25),134.0(C-24),129.7(C-23),114.0(C-26),78.9(C-3),52.2(C-17),48.8(C-14),48.0(C-8),47.1(C-5),45.4(C-13),40.5(C-4),39.7(C-22),36.8(C-20),35.6(C-12),32.8(C-15),32.0(C-1),30.4(C-2),29.9(C-19),28.2(C-7),26.5(C-16),26.1(C-11),26.0(C-10),25.4(C-30),21.1(C-6),20.0(C-9),19.3(C-28),18.8(C-27),18.5(C-21),18.1(C-18),14.0(C-29)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[11]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為(23E)-cycloart-23,25-dien-3β-ol。endprint
化合物11 白色粉末(乙酸乙酯);mp 142~144 ℃;ESI-MS m/z 479[M+Na]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:4.71(1H,br s,H-31a),4.66(1H,br s,H-31b),3.76(1H,dd,J=13.6,4.3 Hz,H-3),3.74(1H,d,J=10.3 Hz,H-28a),3.52(1H,d,J=10.5 Hz,H-28b),2.23(1H,t,J=6.7 Hz,H-25),1.04(3H,d,J=6.9 Hz,H-26),1.03(3H,d,J=6.9 Hz,H-27),0.96(3H,s,H-18),0.94(3H,s,H-30),0.88(3H,d,J=5.6 Hz,H-21),0.87(3H,s,H-29),0.58(1H,d,J=4.2 Hz,H-19a),0.38(1H,d,J=4.2 Hz,H-19b); 13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:156.9(C-24),105.9(C-31),77.1(C-3),71.2(C-28),52.3(C-17),48.8(C-14),47.9(C-8),45.3(C-13),43.7(C-4),42.5(C-5),36.1(C-20),35.6(C-12),35.0(C-22),33.8(C-25),32.9(C-15),31.7(C-1),31.3(C-23),30.2(C-2),30.0(C-19),28.2(C-11),26.4(C-10),25.8(C-16),25.3(C-7),22.0(C-27),21.9(C-26),21.0(C-6),19.9(C-9),19.3(C-30),18.3(C-21),18.1(C-18),10.1(C-29)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[12]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為 24-methylenecycloartane-3β,28-diol。
化合物12 白色粉末;[α]25D+5(c 0.1,CHCl3);ESI-MS m/z 777[M+Na]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:5.76(1H,d,J=3.2 Hz,H-3),5.66(1H,dd,J=10.3,9.3 Hz,H-8),5.50(1H,s,H-5),4.98(1H,d,J=10.3 Hz,H-7),4.78(1H,d,J=9.3 Hz,H-9),3.84(1H,d,J=2.2 Hz,H-11),3.37(1H,d,J=17.1 Hz,H-1a),3.36(1H,s,6-OH),3.08(1H,d,J=3.2 Hz,H-4),2.86(1H,dd,J=8.8,2.0 Hz,H-12),2.68(1H,dq,J=8.8,6.7 Hz,H-13),2.48(1H,sept,J=7.0 Hz,2′-OiBu),2.29(1H,d,J=17.1 Hz,H-1b),2.22(3H,s,5-OAc),2.12(3H,s,3-OAc),2.10(3H,s,15-OAc),2.05(3H,s,2-OAc),1.95(3H,s,8-OAc),1.49(3H,s,H-16),1.27(1H,d,J=6.7 Hz,H-20),1.16(3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,3′-OiBu),1.13(3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,4′-OiBu),0.99(3H,s,H-18),0.73(3H,s,H-19);13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:216.6(C-14),174.6(C-1′),171.3(C-22),169.6(15-OAc),169.3(2-OAc),169.3(8-OAc),168.9(3-OAc),168.1(5-OAc),94.1(C-15),88.2(C-2),80.0(C-3),79.2(C-9),77.7(C-6),77.3(C-7),70.9(C-5),69.3(C-8),61.5(C-11),58.2(C-12),50.4(C-4),47.1(C-1),43.3(C-13),39.1(C-17),37.9(C-10),34.0(C-2′),30.5(C-21),22.0(C-18),21.9(2-OAc),21.3(15-OAc),21.2(3-OAc),21.2(5-OAc),20.9(8-OAc),19.1(C-16),18.9(C-3′),18.6(C-19),18.5(C-4′),17.5(C-20)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[13]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為salicinolide。
化合物13 無色針晶;ESI-MS m/z 767[M+H]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:6.11(1H,br s,H-5),5.58(1H,br d,J=3.3 Hz,H-3),5.52(1H,d,J=4.1 Hz,H-8),5.43(1H,s,H-7),5.07(1H,s,H-17a),5.02(1H,s,H-17b),4.95(1H,d,J=4.1 Hz,H-9),3.74(1H,d,J=16.2 Hz,H-1a),3.68(1H,dq,J=6.9,4.7 Hz,H-13),3.33(1H,dd,J=4.7,2.1 Hz,H-12),2.98(1H,d,J=2.1 Hz,H-11),2.94(1H,dd,J=3.3,1.7 Hz,H-4),2.60(1H,sept,J=7.0,H-2′),2.54(1H,sept,J=7.0,H-2″),2.16(3H,s,5-OAc),2.11(3H,s,15-OAc),2.10(3H,s,2-OAc),2.10(3H,s,3-OAc),2.05(1H,d,J=16.2 Hz,H-1b),2.04(3H,s,9-OAc),1.52(3H,s,H-16),1.22(3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-3′),1.19(3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-4′),1.18(3H,d,J=6.9 Hz,H-20),1.12(3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-3″),1.11(3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-4″),0.98(3H,s,H-18),0.69(3H,s,H-19);13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:210.0(C-14),175.3(C-1″),174.8(C-1′),170.0(15-OAc),169.7(2-OAc),169.1(9-OAc),168.5(3-OAc),168.2(5-OAc),141.5(C-6),111.8(C-17),92.5(C-15),86.7(C-2),78.0(C-3),76.8(C-9),68.7(C-8),68.6(C-7),67.6(C-5),58.5(C-11),57.1(C-12),49.7(C-4),46.0(C-1),39.5(C-10),37.0(C-13),34.0(C-2″),33.9(C-2′),23.5(C-18),22.2(2-OAc),21.2(5-OAc),21.1(15-OAc),21.1(3-OAc),20.8(9-OAc),19.1(C-3′),19.0(C-3″),18.6(C-4′),18.4(C-4″),18.0(C-16),17.4(C-19),15.3(C-20)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[14]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定該化合物為2α,3β,5α,9α,15β-pentaacetoxy-11,12-epoxy-7β,8α-diisobutyryloxyjatropha-6(17)-en-14-one。endprint
化合物 14 無色針晶;ESI-MS m/z 670[M+H]+;1H-NMR(CDCl3,600 MHz)δ:9.22(1H,s,H-2″),8.79(1H,d,J=1.9 Hz,H-6″),8.22(1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,H-4″),7.44(1H,dd,J=7.8,4.7 Hz,H-5″),5.95(1H,d,J=16.0 Hz,H-11),5.85(1H,s,H-5),5.61(1H,dd,J=16.0,9.2 Hz,H-12),5.40(1H,br s,H-3),5.09(2H,s,H-17),4.91(1H,t,J=3.2 Hz,H-7),3.53(1H,dq,J=9.1,6.7 Hz,H-13),3.02(1H,dd,J=13.9,7.7 Hz,H-1a),2.67(1H,br s,H-4),2.16(3H,s,5-OAc),2.14(3H,s,15-OAc),2.12(3H,s,3-OAc),1.64(1H,t,J=13.9 Hz,H-1b),1.19(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,H-20),1.11(3H,s,H-18),1.11(3H,s,H-19),0.92(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,H-3′),0.90(1H,d,J=7.1 Hz,H-16),0.73(3H,d,J=6.9 Hz,H-4′); 13C-NMR(CDCl3,150 MHz)δ:212.6(C-14),175.8(C-1′),170.6(15-OAc),169.9(3-OAc),169.8(5-OAc),164.0(CO-ONic),153.3(C-6″),150.8(C-2″),146.8(C-6),138.4(C-11),137.5(C-4″),130.7(C-12),126.1(C-3″),123.8(C-5″),110.7(C-17),93.0(C-15),76.6(C-3),76.0(C-9),68.8(C-5),68.5(C-7),52.9(C-4),46.2(C-1),43.8(C-13),40.9(C-10),38.4(C-2),34.7(C-8),33.8(C-2′),26.9(C-18),22.6(C-19),21.4(3-OAc),21.4(5-OAc),21.3(15-OAc),19.5(C-20),19.0(C-3′),18.2(C-4′),13.5(C-16)。以上數(shù)據(jù)與文獻[15]報道的數(shù)據(jù)一致,因此鑒定為 3β,5α,15β-triacetoxy-7β-isobutyryloxy-9α-nicotinoyloxyjatropha-6(17),11(E)-dien-14-one。
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Chemical constituents from Euphorbia lunulata
ZHAO Ming,WU Shuang,LI Jun,TANG Wan-xia,WANG Jin-lan,ZHANG Shu-jun*
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China)
[Abstract] The chemical constituents from Euphorbia lunulata was investigated in this paper. Fourteen compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatographies on silica gel and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physiochemical properties and NMR data analysis as lupeol(1),euphol(2),cassipourol(3),24-methylenecycloartan-3β-ol(4),24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3β-ol(5),25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol(6),betulin(7),uvaol(8),(23E)-25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol(9),(23E)-cycloart-23,25-dien-3β-ol(10),24-methylenecycloartan-3β,28-diol(11),salicinolide(12),2α,3β,5α,9α,15β-pentaacetoxy-11,12-epoxy-7β,8α-diisobutyryloxyjatropha-6(17)-en-14-one(13)and 3β,5α,15β-triacetoxy-7β-isobutyryloxy-9α-nicotinoyloxyjatropha-6(17),11(E)-dien-14-one(14). Among them,compounds 1-11 were isolated from E. lunulata for the first time.
[Key words] Euphorbia lunulata;diterpenoids;triterpenoids
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20141227endprint