殷曉白

【摘要】“as well as”在英語學(xué)習(xí)中有多種用法，可以作并列連詞，用以連接前后兩個語法單位和功能一致的詞語，連接名詞，代詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞結(jié)構(gòu)以及謂語動詞或非謂語動詞?！癮s well as”還可以用作介詞，常用于as well as doing…的結(jié)構(gòu)中，可譯為“除了……還……”也可譯為“ 不但……而且……”等；as well as doing可位于句末，也可位于句首，但必須分別在前后加上逗號。本文對于“as well as”的用法做了一些歸納并舉了一些例句。

【關(guān)鍵詞】as well as 用法 例句

as well as 有多種用法，現(xiàn)歸納并說明如下，

一、作并列連詞，用以連接前后兩個語法單位和功能一致的詞語，形成A as well as B的結(jié)構(gòu)，說話人意在強調(diào)A， 故A和B的位置不可互換，但漢譯時應(yīng)先譯B，后譯A，可譯為“不但……而且……”或“既……又……“等?？杀贿B接的詞語有：

1.名詞或代詞，例：

（1）The students as well as the teacher swim every day. （比較：Not only teacher but also the students swim every day.） 不但老師，而且學(xué)生也每天游泳。

（2）He as well as you is responsible. （Not only you but also he is responsible）.不僅你而且他也有責(zé)任。

注：1）.A as well as B 結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)應(yīng)與A 一致； 2）. A as well as B 結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時， 可把A 保留在主語位置，而將 as well as B 加逗號于其前移置句末，如例2可改為：He is responsible， as well as you.

2.形容詞或副詞，例：The packing must be seaworthy as well as strong enough to stand shock and rough handling. 包裝得堅固經(jīng)得起震動和粗暴搬運，而且得適于海運。

3.介詞結(jié)構(gòu)，例：We traveled by night as well as by day. 我們?nèi)找辜娉獭?/p>

4.謂語動詞或非謂語動詞。在此種情況下，前后兩個謂語動詞必須保持時態(tài)一致。在兩個不定式中，后一個不定式的to可保留也可省去。

He publishes as well as prints his own books.他印刷且出版他自己的書。

二、依然用作并列連詞并形成as well as B結(jié)構(gòu)，但說話人對A 和B 均無強調(diào)傾向，as well as B只是表示增補或引伸，漢譯按照原句順序，A和B的位置不必顛倒，可譯為“和”或“以及”等，連接的詞語與第一種用法相同。例：Air as well as water is needed to make plants grow.空氣和水是植物生長所必須的。

三、用作介詞，常用于as well as doing…的結(jié)構(gòu)中，可譯為“除了……還……”也可譯為“ 不但……而且……”等；as well as doing可位于句末，也可位于句首，但必須分別在前后加上逗號，例：The Japanese devils slaughtered the villagers， as well as burning down their houses. （= As well as burning down their houses， the Japanese devils slaughtered the villagers. 日本鬼子不僅燒毀了村民的房子，還屠殺了村民。

四、和 not only…but also…不同，as well as 可用于否定句，分兩種情況：（1）as well as 位于not前，所連接的兩部分均否定；（2）位于 not 后， 否定前者，肯定后者，as well as可譯為“ 和……一樣”等，例：Mr. Wang as well as Mr. Li does not teach history. （= Neither Mr. Wang nor Mr. Li teaches history.）王先生和李先生一樣都不教歷史。

比較：Mr. Wang does not teach history， as well as Mr. Li. 王先生不象李先生一樣教歷史。

附：as well as 也可作自由組合詞組看，這時意為“ 和……一樣好”用于比較狀語從句， 因此 “ The audience sang as well as the choir.”這樣的句子，除可譯為“ 不但唱詩班唱，聽眾也唱”還可譯為“聽眾和唱詩班唱得一樣好”。為避免歧義，明確表達(dá)前一種意思，應(yīng)改為：“The audience sang， as well as the choir.”（注意逗號）。為明確表達(dá)第二種意思，應(yīng)在 “choir”后加did。