国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

在英語詩歌賞析選修課中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的核心素養(yǎng)

2017-06-24 22:43丁麗云
廣西教育·D版 2017年5期
關(guān)鍵詞:技法賞析詩意

丁麗云

選修教材是對必修教材的提升和拓展。執(zhí)教英文詩歌賞析選修課,一方面應(yīng)根據(jù)學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況在教學(xué)深度和廣度上適度拓展,另一方面還應(yīng)最大限度地引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自主、深入地探究學(xué)習(xí),不斷提高詩歌鑒賞水平,同時提高人文修養(yǎng)。下面筆者以人教版選修六詩歌單元的 Using Language為例,就在英文詩歌賞析選修課中如何培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的核心素養(yǎng)進(jìn)行簡單說明。

一、話題導(dǎo)入

2016年10月13日,美國搖滾、民謠藝術(shù)家Bob Dylan獲得2016年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎,在世界范圍內(nèi)引發(fā)熱議。鑒于高二學(xué)生對流行歌曲很感興趣,對這個熱門話題也有一定的了解,以此作為話題導(dǎo)入新課,學(xué)生勢必有話要說、愛說、能說。

開課伊始,筆者先用課件展示了下面兩張照片。學(xué)生小聲議論著,不少學(xué)生已經(jīng)認(rèn)出了照片中的人物。

【片段實(shí)錄】

師:Do you know this American?

生:Yes!He is Bob Dylan.(大多數(shù)學(xué)生肯定地回答)

師:What do you know about him?What did he win in 2016?

生:Nobel Prize in literature.

師:Thats right!But as we know,he is a singer.Why did he win Nobel Prize in literature?

生1:Because he is also a poet.

生2:Because his songs are also like poems.

師:Perfect!Because he has “created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”.

筆者用Bob Dylan兩張不同年齡的照片引入,激發(fā)學(xué)生對這位時下熱門人物的討論興趣;再用師生對句預(yù)熱氛圍,用一個一個的問題引導(dǎo)著學(xué)生思考的方向,并以諾貝爾文學(xué)獎的頒獎詞對他的嘉許“他在偉大的美式歌謠的傳統(tǒng)下創(chuàng)造了全新的詩意表達(dá)”作結(jié),讓學(xué)生明白了詩與歌二位一體,相互影響、難以分割。

二、文本賞析

(一)承接前面的話題,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生“走進(jìn)”英文詩歌閱讀,從中揣摩、體會英文詩歌的寫作技巧

承接導(dǎo)入環(huán)節(jié)的話題,筆者先讓學(xué)生聽了一首Bob Dylon的歌If not for you,然后用這首歌的歌詞作為教學(xué)素材,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在閱讀中體會這位諾貝爾文學(xué)獎得主在這首英文詩歌寫作中所運(yùn)用的寫作技巧。

【片段實(shí)錄】

師:Would you like to enjoy Bob Dylans song?

生:Of course!

師:(播放Bob Dylan的歌If not for you)Do you enjoy the song?

生:Yes!/No.

師:Actually,many people dont like this song. Maybe its the reason why Bob Dylon is thought to be more of a poet than a singer. Now its our turn to find out the poetic devices in the song. Read the first part of the song together please.(師隨即課件呈現(xiàn)這首歌的歌詞,生大聲朗讀)

If not for you的歌詞:

If not for you,babe I couldnt find the door,couldnt even see the floor.

Id be sad and blue,If not for you.

If not for you,babe Id lay awake all night.

Wait for the morning light to shine in through.

But it would not be new,if not for you.

If not for you,my sky would fall. Rain would gather too.

Without your love,Id be nowhere at all.

Id be lost,if not for you.

And you know its true.

師:When you read a poem or sing a song,sometimes your voices are louder,and sometimes your voices are lower. What is it called?

生:Rhythm.

師:Yes. Rhythm!Rhythm is the beat that runs through the line,which is the most important factor in poetic devices. Are you clear?

生:Yes!

師:Look at the screen again,please!Read the following words with me.(師生齊讀)door、floor、fall、all、night、light、blue、through、too、you、true. My question is,What do these words have in common?

生:Rhyming!

師:Great!These are rhyming words. You can take notes on your handout.

Bob Dylan獲諾貝爾文學(xué)獎原本就有很大爭議,對中國聽眾來說,受跨文化因素影響,對其認(rèn)同度更是仁者見仁智者見智。對筆者所播放的這首歌,學(xué)生不出意外地出現(xiàn)了意見分歧,有些認(rèn)為好聽,有些認(rèn)為不好聽,但歌曲中的旋律與歌詞既相互影響又各自獨(dú)立,從歌詞的語言角度講,它確實(shí)不愧為一首好詩,比如語言的節(jié)奏、押韻、反復(fù)等,均可以成為筆者展開詩歌教學(xué)的好素材。此外,這首歌詞中多處使用了虛擬語氣,而這個單元的語法就是關(guān)于if從句的虛擬語氣用法,用它作為素材,便于學(xué)生在詩歌鑒賞中進(jìn)行知識的遷移運(yùn)用。

(二)走進(jìn)教材,讀中品悟,引領(lǐng)學(xué)生體會詩歌的意境美

詩歌鑒賞的目標(biāo),須在朗讀品悟的過程中逐漸達(dá)成。教師用配樂詩朗誦的方式播放教材中呈現(xiàn)的另外一位美國作家Rod McKuen所寫的一首詩Ive Saved The Summer(見下文,文中加粗處為朗讀重音提醒),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從中感受詩歌的節(jié)奏變化,進(jìn)而通過自己多樣化的朗讀,揣摩、體會并表現(xiàn)英文詩歌的節(jié)奏美。

IVE SAVED THE SUMMER

Ive saved the summer

And I give it all to you

To hold on winter mornings

When the snow is new.

Ive saved some sunlight

If you should ever need

A place away from darkness

Where your mind can feed.

And for myself Ive kept your smile

When you were but nineteen

Till youre older youll not know

What brave young smiles can mean.

I know no answers

To help you on your way

The answers lie somewhere

At the bottom of the day.

But if youve a need for love

Ill give you all I own

It might help you down the road

Till youve found your own.

在以上教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié),筆者以全詩配樂朗誦開啟了詩歌鑒賞的過程,然后是師范讀第一節(jié),再配樂讓全體學(xué)生帶感情大聲朗讀第二、第五節(jié),第三、第四節(jié)配樂讓一名男生一名女生分別朗讀。音樂情景的創(chuàng)設(shè)和師生多種方式的朗讀品悟,將學(xué)生自然地帶入到了這首詩所表達(dá)的暖暖情意中。學(xué)生在聽讀與朗讀的過程中慢慢熟悉了詩歌的內(nèi)容,并感受到了詩歌中的節(jié)奏、音韻等詩意的味道。

三、激疑探究,問題導(dǎo)析

為了讓學(xué)生深入、細(xì)致地把握詩歌的寫作技法,筆者設(shè)置了四個問題(1.Can you find some rhyming words?Is there repetition?Is the line length fixed?2.Do the two rhyming words“own” in the last part have the same meaning?3.Whats the theme of the poem?4.Who is the speaker?Who is he/she speaking to?),安排學(xué)生分組探討該詩的創(chuàng)作技法,以此扎實(shí)提高學(xué)生的英文詩歌鑒賞水平。

【片段實(shí)錄】

師:Time is up!Lets check your answers. First,Can you find some rhyming words?

生:Yes!you,new,need,feed,nineteen,mean,way,day,own,own?。▽W(xué)生異口同聲地讀出所有押韻的單詞)

師:Well done!Is there repetition?(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生尋找“反復(fù)”的技法)

生:Yes!

師:Is the line length fixed?

生:No?。▽W(xué)生對于押韻和反復(fù)的寫作手法已經(jīng)了然于胸)

師:Okay!Now lets see whether the two rhyming words“own” in the last part have the same meaning.(品析重點(diǎn)詞句)

生:No. The first“own”means“have”,but the second“own”means“自己的”.

師:Good!So in some poems the poet sometimes will play with words. They are the same word but they each have a different meaning. Now comes the third question,Whats the theme of the poem?(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生領(lǐng)會詩歌的主旨要義)

生:Love!

師:How do you get your answer?(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生尋找支撐答案的關(guān)鍵信息)

生:From the sentence“But if youve a need for love,Ill give you all I own”.

師:So Who is the speaker?Who is he/she speaking to?(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生嘗試?yán)斫庠姼柚袥]有出現(xiàn)的表達(dá)愛意的主體)

生:Maybe the poet is a mother or a father.

師:Why?(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會依托文本品析詩意內(nèi)涵,并論證自己的觀點(diǎn))

生:There is a sentence“When you were but nineteen”.

師:You did a very good job. The poet is written by a parent who is speaking to a young adult. A mother or a father is expressing her/his unconditional love to her/his son/daughter.(肯定學(xué)生的“發(fā)現(xiàn)”和論證,揭示內(nèi)涵)

教師用四個問題,關(guān)注到了詩歌的細(xì)節(jié)、主題和寫作手法,層層深入,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對詩歌進(jìn)行深入解析,學(xué)會鑒賞詩歌中的詩意所在。

為了鞏固之前所教授的英文詩歌的寫作技法,教師在接下來的教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié),出示了兩首經(jīng)典的小詩,同樣以“愛”為主題,要求學(xué)生一起有節(jié)奏地朗讀,為下面的教學(xué)埋下伏筆。

Poem 1:Hours fly,/Flowers die:/New days,/New

ways./Pass by!Love stays.

Poem 2:Without you Id be a soul without a purpose./ Without you Id be an emotion without a heart./Without you by my side,Im just a flame without heat.

兩首小詩都不長,但是都包含了節(jié)奏、押韻、重復(fù)等詩歌的寫作技法,學(xué)生在朗讀的過程中再次體會運(yùn)用技法的妙處。

四、順應(yīng)主題,聯(lián)結(jié)生活,點(diǎn)燃創(chuàng)作激情

為了激發(fā)學(xué)生的詩歌創(chuàng)作欲望,降低學(xué)生的創(chuàng)作焦慮,有效促進(jìn)學(xué)生思維品質(zhì)和語言能力的發(fā)展,筆者承接以上詩歌賞析中“愛”的主題,并給學(xué)生提供了一首相同主題的中文詩作為“腳手架”,讓學(xué)生嘗試獨(dú)立創(chuàng)作英文詩歌。

【片段實(shí)錄】

師:Now you can see that love is an eternal theme.Love is everywhere in our daily life. Dont you think so?

生:Yes!

師:So think about it,Who or what do you love?(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從自己的實(shí)際情境出發(fā),去創(chuàng)作自己的“愛”的主題詩)

生1:I love my parents because they give me so much love.

生2:I love basketball because it brings me happiness.

生3:I love computer games because I feel relaxed when I play games.

師:We love nature,animals and plants. We love our friends. And there is love between family members and also lovers. Do you agree with me?So in your opinion,What is love?(教師用幾個例說來拓寬學(xué)生的思維,給出多個思維向度,將“愛”的主題引向更廣闊的思維空間,然后讓學(xué)生用自己的觀點(diǎn)去表達(dá)“什么是愛”)

生1:I think love is everything.

生2:I think love is care.

生3:Love is a beautiful song.

生4:Love is the time I spend with my parents.

師:Wow!Your answers are so poetic. Since all of you have love in heart,then how do you express your love ?(肯定學(xué)生的“詩意”表達(dá),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注“心”中的真愛,學(xué)會用心去表達(dá)自己的愛)

生1:Maybe I will give the person a hug.(用擁抱表達(dá)愛)

生2:I will write a poem for him or her.(用寫詩表達(dá)愛)

師:Do you agree with her?Will you write some simple poems in English?Challenge yourself?。ㄗプ『笠幻麑W(xué)生的回答,進(jìn)入任務(wù)狀態(tài),指引學(xué)生挑戰(zhàn)自我,寫一首簡單的英文詩)

在筆者的激勵下,學(xué)生的情緒被點(diǎn)燃,個個躍躍欲試,愿意去迎接挑戰(zhàn)。此時此刻,筆者沒有立即放手給學(xué)生嘗試,而是先給出了一首關(guān)于愛的中文詩:“愛是什么?/愛是財富 愛是健康; /愛是生活 愛是給予; /愛是關(guān)懷 愛是分享; /愛究竟是什么?/愛就是一切!”然后帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生一起翻譯并朗讀它的英譯版:“What is love?/Love is wealth,Love is health;/ Love is living, Love is giving; / Love is caring,Love is sharing; / What is love at all?/ Love is all.”

詩歌創(chuàng)作是需要靈感的,而靈感的火花是建立在已有知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)之上的。有了以上教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)的鋪墊,加上“愛”又是學(xué)生最熟悉的情感,學(xué)生針對筆者三個問題“Who or what do you love?”“What is love?”“How do you express your love?”的回答本身就已經(jīng)很有創(chuàng)意、詩意,這一切都為學(xué)生接下來創(chuàng)作以愛為主題的詩歌做好了情感和技巧鋪墊。

五、實(shí)踐運(yùn)用,在任務(wù)驅(qū)動下完成以“愛”為主題的詩歌創(chuàng)作

本環(huán)節(jié)的重點(diǎn)是讓學(xué)生嘗試運(yùn)用習(xí)得的方法,自主創(chuàng)作以愛為主題的英文詩歌,表達(dá)真情實(shí)感,提升文化品格和語言能力,實(shí)現(xiàn)讀寫結(jié)合。因?yàn)槊總€人對愛的理解不同,所以這個環(huán)節(jié)應(yīng)充分彰顯學(xué)生的個性,尊重學(xué)生的獨(dú)立創(chuàng)作,師相機(jī)給遇到困難的學(xué)生提供指導(dǎo)幫助,在確定每個學(xué)生都完成創(chuàng)作之后再引導(dǎo)他們互相分享,做一些必要的反思和調(diào)整。

師首先課件出示了詩歌創(chuàng)作要求及相關(guān)提示,要求學(xué)生用五分鐘時間完成詩歌創(chuàng)作。

詩歌創(chuàng)作要求及提示:

1.The poem can but doesnt have to rhyme;

2.The poem has 3-5 lines;

3.It can be a list poem starting with“Love is...” or“I love...”; It also can be a cinquain.(五行詩)

【片段實(shí)錄】

師:Time is up!Whod like to read aloud your poem?

生1:(一女生快速舉手應(yīng)答)Love is you and you are my world./ Love is the world and the world brings ha-ppiness./Love is just you and me,/ With you I am happy.

師:Fantastic!You are so creative. Who else want to try?(盛贊該生的詩充滿創(chuàng)意,然后尋找下一個愿意展示的學(xué)生)

生2:(坐在角落處的男生站起來朗讀自己的作品)Love is sunshine when you smile,/Love is moonshine when there is a star,/Love is tonight when we stay in a room,singing and playing,/Oh,we fall in love!

師:Oh,I love you too!Your poem is awesome and there are some rhyming words too.(從寫作技法上表揚(yáng)學(xué)生的詩“極好”并且有些詩意的詞匯在里面)

生3:Love/ Warm,Nice/ Caring,helping,sharing/ Day and night/ Everywhere.

師:Simple but meaningful!The cinquain expresses the characteristics of love.(肯定學(xué)生的五行詩形式獨(dú)特且內(nèi)容意味深長)

這個環(huán)節(jié)是整節(jié)課的高潮,在前面層層鋪墊搭建“腳手架”之后,學(xué)生的創(chuàng)作水到渠成,而且學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)表達(dá)欲很強(qiáng),踴躍舉手分享自己創(chuàng)作的詩歌作品。學(xué)生的原創(chuàng)作品不僅有畫面感,充滿了浪漫的幻想,描述了星空下相愛的人們一起唱歌跳舞,而且運(yùn)用了很多剛剛學(xué)到的押韻、重復(fù)等寫作技法;筆者在每一個學(xué)生做出分享后都會對他們的詩歌創(chuàng)作進(jìn)行適度、中肯的評價,很好地達(dá)成了預(yù)設(shè)的教學(xué)目標(biāo)。

閱讀教學(xué)是學(xué)生、教師、文本之間對話的過程。在這堂詩歌賞析選修課中,筆者對教材文本進(jìn)行了整合,關(guān)注了英語課堂教學(xué)的過程與方法,并從學(xué)生的實(shí)際學(xué)情出發(fā),設(shè)計(jì)了一系列的任務(wù)活動,讓學(xué)生在愉悅的學(xué)習(xí)情境中主動表達(dá)、積極探索。教師把課堂讓給學(xué)生,讓學(xué)生在情境中大膽表達(dá)、主動交流,有效地促進(jìn)了學(xué)生思維品質(zhì)的發(fā)展;而教師自己只是從旁支持、援助、引導(dǎo),或者“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”。以上教學(xué)過程,反映了選修課程獨(dú)特的文化氛圍,激活了學(xué)生英語學(xué)習(xí)的潛能,發(fā)展了學(xué)生的思維和學(xué)習(xí)能力,英語學(xué)科核心素養(yǎng)的培養(yǎng)在課堂教學(xué)中得到了有效的落實(shí)。(該課參加2016年廣西高中英語創(chuàng)新課堂展評獲一等獎)

(責(zé)編 白聰敏)

猜你喜歡
技法賞析詩意
詩意地棲居
冬日浪漫
精通拍攝技法
技法只是書法的一部分
被耽擱的詩意
荒誕化敘事的荒誕技法
步輦圖賞析
春日詩意
Alfred & Emily——在諒解和赦免中回望賞析
作品賞析
古蔺县| 黔西| 泰来县| 肥东县| 甘谷县| 蓬安县| 广德县| 鄯善县| 沈阳市| 剑河县| 右玉县| 通榆县| 庆云县| 刚察县| 平定县| 光泽县| 昭平县| 普兰县| 六盘水市| 洛南县| 叶城县| 水富县| 毕节市| 江川县| 安化县| 巨野县| 泰安市| 侯马市| 昭平县| 喀喇沁旗| 江口县| 葫芦岛市| 阳江市| 满城县| 祥云县| 清河县| 武平县| 潍坊市| 临桂县| 翁源县| 封丘县|