燕旭穎
摘要:“讀-疑-研-練-結(jié)”是一種創(chuàng)新型的教學(xué)模式,在課堂教學(xué)實(shí)踐中,長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)用此種教學(xué)模式會(huì)取得很好的效果和突出的成績(jī)。它對(duì)學(xué)生系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)和掌握重點(diǎn),疏通難點(diǎn)有著至關(guān)重要的作用。而位于這種教學(xué)模式中第一位的 “讀”的環(huán)節(jié)又是重中之重。因?yàn)殚喿x是大腦接收外界信息,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行加工整理,并進(jìn)而理解其意義的一個(gè)過(guò)程。只有閱讀才會(huì)有疑問(wèn),才會(huì)提出問(wèn)題。所以閱讀作為“讀-疑-研-練-結(jié)”五步教學(xué)中的第一步,它看似簡(jiǎn)單,作用卻尤為重要。
這里的讀并不是泛泛的,沒(méi)有目的的閱讀,而是需要認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備,自主完成的閱讀過(guò)程。我把閱讀分為四個(gè)部分,分別是:課外泛讀;課前導(dǎo)讀;課上悟讀和課后追讀。下面就這四個(gè)部分進(jìn)行概括說(shuō)明。
關(guān)鍵詞:“讀-疑-研-練-結(jié)” 課外泛讀;課前導(dǎo)讀;課上悟讀;課后追讀
中圖分類號(hào):H319 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1672-9129(2017)12-0212-01
Abstract: "reading, doubting, researching, practicing and concluding" is an innovative teaching model. In classroom teaching practice, long-term application of this teaching model will achieve good results and outstanding results. It plays a vital role in students' systematic learning knowledge, mastery of key points and dredging difficulties. The first part of this teaching mode is reading. Because reading is a process by which the brain receives and processes information from the outside world and then understands its meaning. Only reading can raise questions. Only reading can raise questions. Therefore, reading, as the first step in the five-step teaching of "reading, questioning, research, practice and conclusion", seems simple, but its function is especially important.
The reading here is not a general, aimless reading, but a carefully prepared, self-directed reading process. I divide the reading into four parts: extensive reading after class; Introduction before class; Enlightenment reading in class and follow-up reading after class. The following four parts are summarized and explained.
Key words: "read - doubt - research - practice - conclusion" after class extensive reading; Introduction before class; Enlightenment in class; After reading after class
1 課外泛讀
課外泛讀即在學(xué)習(xí)本單元課文之前就布置給學(xué)生閱讀的與本單元課文相關(guān)的一些文字或影音材料(在網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)達(dá)的現(xiàn)在,這些材料很容易獲得)。有利于學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀了解與本單元相關(guān)的背景、文化、或知識(shí),為進(jìn)一步學(xué)好本單元知識(shí)奠定基礎(chǔ)。另外,學(xué)生通過(guò)課外泛讀能夠先熟悉本單元詞匯以及更多的伴隨性詞匯,同時(shí)還能提高閱讀能力和理解能力,而且,寫作、口語(yǔ)、和自信心也會(huì)得到相應(yīng)提高。因此,課外泛讀在英語(yǔ)課前學(xué)習(xí)中不可或缺。
2 課前導(dǎo)讀
所謂“導(dǎo)”,即是引導(dǎo)。落實(shí)在教學(xué)中就是設(shè)計(jì)好導(dǎo)學(xué)案并下發(fā)給學(xué)生作為課前的作業(yè)。使學(xué)生通過(guò)導(dǎo)學(xué)案的完成對(duì)課文了解,熟悉并掌握重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。所謂有讀才會(huì)有疑,只有認(rèn)真的閱讀才會(huì)提出疑問(wèn)。通過(guò)導(dǎo)學(xué)案的導(dǎo)讀。最后學(xué)生將疑問(wèn)匯總。在課堂上再通過(guò)小組合作的形式逐一解決。解決不了的師生共同研究,做到有讀就有疑,有疑就有研,有研才有結(jié),有結(jié)加練習(xí),‘讀-疑-研-練-結(jié)五步緊密連接,環(huán)環(huán)相扣。使學(xué)生徹底的學(xué)會(huì),學(xué)通,學(xué)有所成。導(dǎo)學(xué)案內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單,思路清晰,非常適合學(xué)生自主預(yù)習(xí)。掌握知識(shí)內(nèi)容。例如;
Step1 pre-reading
Ⅰ、Please give the words below appropriate meaning in English
1.faith 2.typical 3.aim 4.possession 5.shadow 6.superb 7.abstract
Step 2 Fast-reading
Ⅰ、skim the text and give the best answers.
(1)What does the text mainly tell us?
(2)In what way is the passage developed?
Ⅱ、Careful-reading
Read the text and give the best answers
(1)At first most people hated the Impressionists style of painting, because___.
(2)In the Renaissance ,painters _______
Step 3 study-reading
try to translate these Sentences into Chinese .
(1)But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
(2)By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.
(3) Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
3 課上悟讀
“課上悟讀”就是要學(xué)生在上課過(guò)程中再讀課文,在課外泛讀和課前導(dǎo)讀的基礎(chǔ)上做到“讀悟結(jié)合”,進(jìn)一步理解課文,教師通過(guò)參與對(duì)話,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)入探究性閱讀,提倡學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí),獨(dú)立思考,鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生勇于提出問(wèn)題,分析問(wèn)題,再解決問(wèn)題。課上悟讀的方式多樣,可以根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容采用群讀式,自讀式,分組式閱讀,角色式品讀等。閱讀方法可以選擇瀏覽性泛讀,探求性速讀,品味性精讀等模式。各種讀法和形式可以依據(jù)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行組合。以取得最好效果。
另外,課堂閱讀時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短,什么時(shí)段進(jìn)行閱讀都要根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容和學(xué)生課前導(dǎo)讀的反饋來(lái)確定,一定要結(jié)合“讀-疑-研-練-結(jié)”這五個(gè)步驟。靈活掌握和運(yùn)用。爭(zhēng)取讓所有學(xué)生有所讀,有所思,有所悟,有所練,有所得。
4 課后追讀
正所謂“書讀百遍,其義自見”,讀書上百遍,書意自然領(lǐng)會(huì),書要熟讀才能真正領(lǐng)會(huì)。所以在學(xué)完一篇課文之后,要想徹底領(lǐng)會(huì)文章的內(nèi)涵,明白其中的道理,還要在課后反復(fù)熟讀,這樣才能在已經(jīng)進(jìn)行小結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上加以鞏固,錘煉。理解課文精髓,掌握知識(shí)內(nèi)涵。
讀書的好處在于:它讓求知的人從中獲知,讓無(wú)知的人變得有知。會(huì)讀書,好讀書,讀好書會(huì)讓你在新的教學(xué)模式下取得優(yōu)異的成績(jī)。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1]英語(yǔ)專業(yè)學(xué)生課外閱讀現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與分析[J]. 豐玉芳. 河北師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(教育科學(xué)版). 2008(12)
DOI:10.19551/j.cnki.issn1672-9129.2017.12.264