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作為世界一流學(xué)府，哈佛大學(xué)每年培養(yǎng)的畢業(yè)生中將有很多人成為政壇領(lǐng)袖和商界精英。最近，哈佛大學(xué)學(xué)生媒體《哈佛深紅報》對2018屆畢業(yè)生做了一項特別調(diào)查，總結(jié)出2018屆哈佛畢業(yè)生的八大特征。

An anxious generation

Among the class of 2018,41%have at some pointturned tothe university’s health servicesformental health support.About 15%had also found support off campus.It’s a striking reminder that these young people have studied at a time of rising concerns about stress and wellbeing on campus.

Liberals in a Trump era

Politically these young graduates,who began at Harvard during the Obama administration,are opponents of the current president,with 72%saying the US is going in the wrong direction.Only 3%of those who voted backed Donald Trump,and two-thirds of these graduatesdescribethemselvesasliberal or very liberal.

Campus free speech

There were signs that students are self-censoring their views and not debating openly.About two-thirds of students had“atsome point chosen not to express an opinion in an academic setting out of fear that it would offend others”.This was particu-larly the case for Republican supporters.But almost half of students wanted to have “trigger warnings” if courses were going to include something that could be upsetting or offensive.

焦慮的一代

在2018屆哈佛畢業(yè)生中，有41%的人曾在校園健康服務(wù)處尋求過精神健康方面的幫助，另有大約15%的人在校外咨詢過心理健康問題。這些驚人的數(shù)據(jù)提醒我們，年輕的學(xué)子們心理壓力較大，人們對校園壓力和心理健康問題也愈加擔(dān)心。

特朗普時代的自由派

這一屆畢業(yè)生入學(xué)時，時任美國總統(tǒng)是奧巴馬。因此在政治傾向上，多數(shù)人是現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)的反對者。有72%的畢業(yè)生表示，美國正在“誤入歧途”。只有3%的畢業(yè)生支持特朗普。三分之二的畢業(yè)生表示自己是“自由主義者”或“非常自由主義”。

校園言論自由

有跡象表明，哈佛學(xué)生會自審其觀點，不會公開辯論。大約三分之二的學(xué)生“曾因擔(dān)心冒犯他人，而選擇在學(xué)術(shù)場合不公開表達(dá)意見”，特別是共和黨的支持者。不過，近半數(shù)學(xué)生表示，如果課程將要講到令人不快或感到冒犯的內(nèi)容時，會“提出警告”。

Raising a glass

Alcohol has proved to be the most durable of students’entertainment.More than 90%drink alcohol,and most drink every week.But tobacco has almost been entirely far from them.There are almost no regular smokers,and more than three-quarters have never even once smoked tobacco.

School shootings

There have been high-profile protests by young people in the USin the wake ofschool shootings.Harvard students backed calls to restrict access to firearms,with almost nine in ten supporting tighter gun control.

Smart students,smartphones

This is a stage of students completely immersed（使浸沒于）in digital technology.Almost all of these new graduates own smartphones,which are so common that they’re almost taken for granted.There is a strong preference for iPhones,used by 87%of those leaving Harvard,with 80%using some other Apple computer devices.

Honour code and academic cheating

But this survey suggests that this has not changed behaviour and that levels of cheating have remained broadly the same,with about a fifth of students owning up to having cheated at some stage.Very few of these say that this was caught.

Widening access

Entrance to top universities is always controversial.More than 60%back the principle of affirmative（肯定的）action andputtingthe admission of some students based on ethnicityin the first place.It is most popular among black and Hispanic graduates and least popular among Asian and white graduates.

What next?

These graduates are entering an era of varied views.These new high-flyers are not going to be spread across the country—they’re planning careers that will see them clustering（聚集）in three areas—New York,Massachusetts and California.About one 10th expect to head overseas.The biggest job destinations immediately after college are consulting,finance and technology.But if thisgives a picture ofwhere the new money will be made,60%of the new graduates still expect to bedepending onmoney from their parents.

喝酒不吸煙

酒精一直深受美國學(xué)生們的青睞。有超過90%的畢業(yè)生表示自己平時飲酒，多數(shù)人每周都會喝。但他們不愛好吸煙。調(diào)查顯示，這些畢業(yè)生中幾乎沒有人經(jīng)常吸煙，超過四分之三的人從未吸過煙。

支持校園控槍

在美國發(fā)生多起校園槍擊案后，年輕人高調(diào)舉行抗議活動。哈佛畢業(yè)生也支持控槍，調(diào)查顯示，近九成畢業(yè)生支持加強(qiáng)槍支管控。

聰明學(xué)生，智能手機(jī)

現(xiàn)在的學(xué)生們完全沉浸在數(shù)字時代中。智能手機(jī)非常普遍，幾乎所有畢業(yè)生人手一部，并對此習(xí)以為然。他們對蘋果手機(jī)情有獨鐘，87%的哈佛畢業(yè)生使用蘋果手機(jī)，80%的畢業(yè)生還使用蘋果電腦。

引入誠信守則，承諾學(xué)術(shù)誠信

但此次調(diào)查表明，這并沒能改變學(xué)生們的行為，學(xué)術(shù)欺騙的程度與以往大致相當(dāng)。大約五分之一的畢業(yè)生承認(rèn)曾經(jīng)作弊。只有極少數(shù)人表示作弊被發(fā)現(xiàn)。

如何招生惹爭議

世界頂級學(xué)府的入學(xué)機(jī)制一直備受爭議。超過60%的哈佛畢業(yè)生支持“平權(quán)法案”，認(rèn)為學(xué)校應(yīng)當(dāng)優(yōu)先錄取某些種族的學(xué)生。非洲裔和西班牙裔畢業(yè)生最支持這項政策，而亞裔和白人學(xué)生最不歡迎。

畢業(yè)去向較為集中

畢業(yè)生們正進(jìn)入多元化時代。但這些優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)生們沒有奔赴全美各地，他們的就業(yè)選擇集中在美國紐約、馬薩諸塞州和加州。另有大約十分之一的畢業(yè)生期望海外就業(yè)和深造。畢業(yè)生們的首個工作選擇主要集中在咨詢、金融和技術(shù)行業(yè)。當(dāng)被問及將如何賺取人生第一桶金時，60%的哈佛畢業(yè)生仍期望從父母那里獲得資金支持。

Reading check

Read the text carefully and finish the following exercises.

1.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word“backed”in paragraph 2？

A.rejected. B.supported.

C.admired. D.considered.

2.How many students supported tighter gun control？

A.Almost 90%. B.Over 90%.

C.About 72%. D.Less than 60%.

3.What can we infer about the entrance to Harvard？

A.Over 60%criticize the principle of affirmative action.

B.People have a similar view of widening access to Harvard.

C.The plan to widen access to Harvard will take effect in the near future.

D.The black and Hispanic graduates are more supportive of the principle of affirmative action.

Language study

Vocabulary

1.turn to...for因……求助于

2.describe...as把……描述成

3.in the wake of緊跟；仿效

4.put...in the first place把……放在首位

5.give a picture of把……描繪一番

6.depend on依靠

Difficult sentence

同位語從句

有跡象表明，哈佛學(xué)生會自審其觀點，不會公開辯論。

___________________students are self-censoring their views and not debating openly.

【點石成金】There be signs that...“有……的跡象”，that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句，用于解釋說明signs的具體內(nèi)容。故答案為There were signs that。