ABSTRACTS

The Hundred-Year Process and Internal Logic of the Accountability System Construction of the Communist Party of China

Duan Zhiwen，Li Ji

（School of Marxism，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058）

（4）

Abstract：The accountability system of the Communist Party of China is an important guarantee for implementing the CPC Central Committee’s strategy of comprehensively governing the Party with strict discipline.Its construction has run through the entire 100-year history of the Chinese revolution，construction and reform under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.It has experienced four stages：the preliminary exploratory stage in the new democratic revolution period，the practical development stage in socialist revolution and construction period，foundation laying stage in systematization of reform and opening-up period and transition phase in the new era.The centuries-old construction of the Party’s accountability system embodies the people’s stand and duty-based value orientation，the scientific evolution of the system connotation system，and the internal logic of the scientific operation of the power mechanism.It demonstrates the historical experience and practical enlightenment of adhering to the original mission of the Communist Party，the pursuit of governing ethics and morals，the “key minority” as the guide and the full coverage of the supervision network as the approach.

Key words：the accountability system of the CPC； a hundred-year process； Communist Party of China；party building

The Characteristics of Agglomeration，F(xiàn)inancial Constraints and Chinese Enterprises’ Outward Direct Investment

Zhao Wei，Lu Kan

（College of Economics，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058）

（12）

Abstract：This paper studies the relationship of agglomeration in home country and firms’ outward direct investment theoretically and empirically.Starting from the model describing firms’ ODI under financial constraints，the characteristics of agglomeration as exogenous variables are introduced and the mechanism through which agglomeration influencing ODI is constructed.Basing on the model，propositions are conducted and Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database from year 2004 to 2013 is used to examine the propositions empirically.The conclusions are as follows：（1）theoretically，the extent and the diversity of agglomeration lease financial constraints through enhancing the price of asset and dividing the work，and then firms’ ODI is promoted.（2）Subsample regression results reveal that from the ownership perspective，state-owned firms benefit from the extent of agglomeration，private-owned firms benefit from the diversity of agglomeration and foreign-owned firms benefit from both.From the factor intensity perspective，labor intensive firms benefit from the diversity of agglomeration，capital intensive and technology intensive ones benefit from both.From the motivation perspective，natural resources seeking ODI benefit from the extent，technology-seeking ODI benefit from the diversity and market-seeking ODI benefit from both.（3）The robustness of the main conclusions is examined by substituting independent variables，eliminating the bias induced by rare events and implementing quasi-natural experiment.

Key words：the extent of agglomeration； the type of agglomeration； financial constraints； Chinese enterprises； outward direct investment

Can Green Innovation Promote Company Financial Performance?——from the Perspective of Business Group and Supply Chain

Lin Saiyan1，Xu Lian2

（1.The Party School of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China，Hangzhou 311121；2.School of Management，Zhejiang University of Technology，Hangzhou 310023）

（23）

Abstract：It has always been a hot topic in academic circles whether green innovation can promote company financial performance.It depends on companies implementing green innovation to a large extent in contextual factors.This paper focuses on the affiliated firms and their supply chain network which could affect green innovation of firms.Therefore，this study explores the relationship between green innovation and financial performance based on data from 114 China’s listed manufacturers belonging to business groups using a fixed-effect panel regression，and examines the moderating effect of supply chain integration on this relationship.The results of this study are as follows.First，green innovation of affiliated firms positively relates to their financial performance.Second，supplier integration positively moderates the relationship between green innovation and financial performance among affiliated firms，but customer integration negatively moderates it.Third，business group internal supply chain integration positively moderates the relationship between green innovation and financial performance among affiliated firms.The conclusions reveal the institutional factors which can help firms conducting green innovation achieve economic benefits and the corresponding mechanisms.

Key words：green patent； supply chain integration； green supply chain； business group； sustainable development

Economy，Civil War and Politics：An Interpretation of Western Politics

Lang Youxing，Da Yang

（School of Public Affairs，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058）

（32）

Abstract：This article aims to analyze the concept of “economy” in Christian theology and the relationship between “economy” and “civil war” in ancient Greek politics，and attempts to offer a new interpretation of Western politics.“Economy”，as a model of theological governance，has deployed a set of theological and economic governance in Christianity in the form of a “trinity”.And long before economy became a term，“civil war” in ancient Greece，as a paradigm in the political field，had already incorporated “economy” into politics in the structure of “inclusive exclusion”.Therefore，whether from the perspective of the “civil war”of Greek polis，or in the theology of the “trinity” of Christianity，“economy” has become the key to understanding modern Western politics.The operating mechanism of Western politics is still achieved by a “strategic articulation” based on “providence-economy”，in which subject，truth，and power are like the deployment of the “trinity”.On an “empty throne”（hetoimasia） through an “invisible hand” （Adam Smith） to implement governance，in a word，the essence of this governance is not only without any Arche，but paradoxically highlighted as a kind of anarchy.

Key words：politics； economy； civil war； ontology

The Contradiction of Modernization and Prosperity：An Analysis of the Failure of Governance System and Political Decline in Western Countries

Yang Zhijun1，Xu Linhang2

（1.School of International Affairs and Public Administration，Ocean University of China，Qingdao 266100；2.School of Public Administration，Guizhou University，Guiyang 550025）

（42）

Abstract：In the 20th year of the 21st century，the world has gone through a great change that has not happened in a hundred years，the fundamental reason is that the contradiction between the democratic value of the capitalist political system and the efficiency of governance can not be reconciled.Under the direct influence of “the objective defects of democracy，the rigidity of cognition or knowledge，the practice of defending the status quo，the vagueness of the concepts of effect and efficiency”，“the institutional failure to adapt to the political decay of the environment，the contradictions between the horizontal separation of powers and the vertical bars of federalism，and the ‘ungovernable’ problem created by the enchantment of freedom” become the reverse example of the liberal democracy.And so，it is necessary to establish a revised path of“sticking to the political modernization of the state，the rule of law and democratic accountability，breaking the separation and conflict between the professional bureaucracy system and the equal democracy system，realizing the coordination of the national autonomy and the social center，and changing the value orientation of the development model dominated by ideology”，this paper introduces the experience of “three-harmony”governance，which includes Chinese spirit，state governing authority and community of human destiny，and hopes to improve the governance system and political system of Western countries.

Key words：national governance； liberal democracy； political decay； governance failure

On the Legalization of the Deliberative Democracy Mechanism at the Grass-roots Level

He YongHong

（Law School，Ningbo University，Ningbo 315211）

（54）

Abstract：As a kind of institutional system，the deliberative democracy mechanism at the grass-roots level is essentially consistent with the rationality of law.However，the regulations in the current norms show a strong tendency of instrumental value，which deviates from the value requirements of law to a large extent.This has led to the problems of randomness and formalization of the deliberative democracy at the grass-roots level.In order to get out of the current predicament，we must reconstruct the deliberative democracy mechanism in the form of law so as to protect the rights of negotiation participants，limit the willfulness of the public power and provide the operation order for the consultative democracy.The legalization of the deliberative democracy mechanism at the grass-roots level in China should set the rules of democratic procedure and regulate the relationship between power and responsibility through local legislation according to the logic of evolutionary rationality and constructive rationality.Specifically，on the basis of sorting out and extracting the effective elements in the current norms，we should stipulate the procedural rules of Consultative Democracy，make clear the participants’ rights，establish specialized consultative bodies and set up the legal responsibility for the illegal act of public power.

Key words：the deliberative democracy at the grass-roots level； norm； mechanism； legalization

Governed by Law on Regional Cooperation in Ecological Compensation across Provincial Basins

Wang Yongfu1，Bi Jinping2

（1.Humanity and Law School，Hefei University of Technology，Hefei 230009；2.Law School，Anhui University，Hefei 230601）

（66）

Abstract：As a major innovation of China’s water resources management mechanisms，the ecological compensation system of cross-provincial basins has not only been implemented concretely at the practical level of watershed management in various places，but also the system itself has been continuously improved.At the same time，under the new situation，the Chinese cross-provincial basin ecological compensation system still faces many challenges，highlighted in problems like：cross-provincial basin ecological compensation regional cooperation may be soft constraints policies，imbalanced compensation，fragmented protection and the deviation between the allocation of rights and expenditure responsibilities.In order to further improve China’s cross-provincial basin ecological compensation system and to achieve regional ecological justice，it is proposed to speed up the legislation of cross-provincial basin ecological compensation，clarify the allocation of inter-provincial power for regional cooperation in cross-provincial watershed ecological compensation，reasonably set up the cross-provincial basin ecological compensation standard，improve the special funding model of cross-provincial basin ecological compensation funds，strengthen the community consciousness，organization mechanism，and cooperation mechanism of cross-provincial basin ecological compensation，and consolidate the rule of law basis for fine management of water ecology.

Key words：cross-provincial watershed； water ecology compensation； organizational； regional cooperation legislation

Competence or Psychology：An Empirical Study of Long-term Effects of Left-behind Experience

Liu Zhijun

（Department of Sociology，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058）

（74）

Abstract：Many studies related to left-behind children showed that their academic achievement and mental health would be negatively affected，but in the long run，whether this effect would be transmitted to the negative effect of professional competence and professional psychology is still not explored.Based on a survey of 2，385 migrant workers born after 1980，this paper analyzed the correlation between left-behind experience during childhood and real salary，ideal salary and reserved salary in adulthood，so as to indirectly explore the long-term impact of left-behind experience on personal career achievement and psychological characteristics.The results showed that there was no significant difference on real salary and ideal salary，but the reserved salary of those with left-behind experience was significantly lower than the control group.This indicates that the left-behind experience has no significant influence on the long-term career development and career value self-assessment，but may lead to withdrawal personality.This conclusion was verified by the analysis of GHQ-12 scale data and the reference variables.This suggests that we need more active intervention in the psychosocial development in the care and protection of left-behind children.Relevant conclusions also suggest that we need to consider the influence factors of psychological dimension related to growth experience in the reserved salary decision model.

Key words：left-behind experience； professional competence； professional psychology； reserved salary；migrant worker

The Change of Social Structure and the Promotion of Consumer Power——Consumer Empowerment in the Era of Mobile Internet

Zhou Mengke

（Center on Sociological Theory and Method，Renmin University of China，Beijing 100872）

（87）

Abstract：By examining the promotion of consumer power in the course of the change of social structure，it is not difficult to find that the transition from a production-oriented society to a consumer-oriented society has greatly enhanced the autonomy of consumers.At present，the two-way construction of the Internet and consumer society has already become the mainstream of social development mode and daily life style in the 21st century.In the era of mobile Internet，great changes of consumers’ power have taken place.Information power is the infrastructural power of consumers while information supplies become the foundation of consumer empowerment.In this situation，the main body of consumer empowerment appears to be pluralistic，including consumers’ self-empowerment，market（enterprise）empowering consumers，also consumer union and consumer community empowering consumers.

Key words：production-oriented society； consumer society； mobile Internet； consumer； empowerment

Human Nature，Exploitation and Revolutionary Consciousness——On the Criticism of Marx’s Moral Theory to Classical Utilitarianism

Gu Qingqing，Yu Longjin

（College of Marxism，Hangzhou Normal University，Hangzhou 311121）

（94）

Abstract：Allen，Buchanan and other western scholars believe that the basis of Marx’s criticism of capitalism and investigation of communism is the priority of benefit-oriented and the maximization of resultoriented.Its core concepts and arguments belong to the narrative framework of classical utilitarianism，this obviously deviates from the spiritual core of Marx’s historical materialism.As a matter of fact，Marx examined interest and morality from concrete social practice.It realizes the criticism and transcendence of the classical utilitarianism’s morality from the three dimensions of human nature，exploitation and revolutionary consciousness.To be specific，Marx replaced the abstract view of human nature with the concrete view of human nature，established the objective material basis of interests，and laid a scientific foundation for the emergence and development of morality.Marx substituted “common possession” for “exploitation relationship”，realized the unity of private interests and human interests，which not only defended individual rights but also guaranteed the goodness of the community.Marx replaced “reformism” with “revolutionary movement” and emphasized that the dialectical unity of objective laws and revolutionary consciousness was the way to realize interests，that is to say，only through institutional criticism and revolutionary practice can morality be truly realized.Through these three dimensions，Marx realized the reversal and reconstruction of the classical utilitarian moral view，and at the same time established his own moral theory of historical，social and revolutionary dialectical critical characteristics.

Key words：Marx； utilitarianism； human nature； exploitation； revolutionary consciousness

Machine Learning and Creative Epistemic Labor

Bai Huiren1，Cui Zheng2

（1.Department of Philosophy，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058；2.School of Marxism，Shijiazhuang Tiedao University，Shijiazhuang 050043）

（100）

Abstract：The replacement of human labor by machine learning has been a topic of widespread concern among humanities and social scientists in recent years，and a conceptual framework is needed to understand the boundary.Marx’s distinction between repetitive labor and creative labor provides a boundary framework for machine learning to replace human labor，and creative labor is the essence of human labor which could not be replaced by artificial intelligence.However，the question needs to be further developed that machine learning has shown a great auxiliary effect on human epistemic labor in epistemic practice，including：machine learning can improve the efficiency of scientific knowledge production； machine learning is good at extracting and transmitting tacit knowledge； machine learning can produce certain kind of machine knowledge.The above reasons make it difficult for us to exclude machine learning from the creative cognitive labor，and the possible creative cognitive labor mode in the future may be certain kind of hybrid intelligence.

Key words：machine learning； creative epistemic labor； scientific knowledge； tacit knowledge； machine knowledge

Studies on Berger’s Interpretation to the Rationalization of Limit Situations

Shu Ye，Wu Qiong

（Department of Philosophy，Nanjing University，Nanjing 210023）

（107）

Abstract：A limit situation is a kind of existential state.Over time it has been subject to many versions of hermeneutics.Kierkegaard described the many different experiences of limit situations from an existential perspective.Karl Jaspers clearly raised the problems related to limit situations，and existentialist philosophy，Nietzsche philosophies，and others all attempt to explain limit situations.Peter Berger tried to rationalize limit situations.Berger described a limit situation as a person being forced in and out of the order that determines his daily existence.He tried to avoid the interpretive dilemmas of existentialism and used a spiritual value system to implement religious rationalization of limit situations.On the one hand，Berger’s interpretation of limit situations provides a theodicy explanation，on the other hand，it completes the sanctification of order of values through the rationalization of limit situations.

Key words：Peter Berger； a limit situation； rationalization； theodicy

On Ma Yifu’s Reconstruction of Confucian Classical System on the Six Disciplines

Zhu Xiaopeng

（School of Public Administration，Hangzhou Normal University，Hangzhou311121）

（112）

Abstract：“On the Six Disciplines” can be said the most important core thought in a systematic elaboration in Ma Yifu’s all life.However，Ma Yifu’s “On the Six Disciplines” is not only a knowledge system，as many people think，but also a value system，which contains Ma Yifu’s new understanding of the classical system of traditional Confucianism，and also carries Ma Yifu’s systematic construction of his own theory of six arts.In this sense，Ma Yifu’s “On the Six Disciplines” has completely transcended its epistemological significance，but Ma Yifu realized his return to the basic spirit and value ideal of traditional Confucianism through the reconstruction of the traditional classical system of Confucianism with the Six Disciplines as the center.

Key words：Ma Yifu；On the Six Disciplines；Confucian classical system；the basic spirit of Confucianism

Different Judgement：The Evaluation of Lu Ji and Lu Yun in Literary History

Liu Yunhao

（Anhui Normal University，Wuhu 241000）

（120）

Abstract：In the history of Chinese literature，the evaluation to Lu Ji and Lu Yun varies greatly.Those who praised them thought them as “essence collecting” and “l(fā)iterary master of hundred generations”，while the others who belittled them looked down on their “gorgeous style of writing” “excessive rhetoric”.This special phenomenon of literary history just shows the special position of Lu Ji and Lu Yun in the literary history of the Western Jin Dynasty.According to the time series and evaluation tendency，Lu Ji and Lu Yun's special experience in the history of literature can be divided into three historical stages：the two Jin and Six Dynasties，the formation period of classic status； the Tang and Song Dynasties，the establishment period of classic status； the Ming and Qing Dynasties，the differentiation period of classic status.Studying this phenomenon in literary history deeply can reveal both the epochal feature of literary classics and the objectivity of their existence，which is of great significance to objectively evaluate the status of Lu Ji and Lu Yun in literary history.

Key words：Lu Ji； Lu Yun； fortune of literary history

The Multiple Faces of Shiva and the Characteristics of Indian Aesthetics

Zhang Fa

（College of Literature and Journalism，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610064）

（131）

Abstract：Shiva interfused by Aryan and Harappan cultures is one of the three supreme gods.His images express the characteristics of Indian aesthetics.The Ardhanarishvara and Shiva’s three wives embody the higher stage of fusing between above two cultures.Shiva as Naarāja classically expresses Indian worldview and aesthetic thought.Shiva as Linga located in the center of his temple is not only represses the characteristics of Hinduism，but also has a complementary relationship with the nirvana thought from Buddhism.

Key words：Shiva；multiple faces；Indian aesthetics

On the Confucian Features and Transmission of The Family Instructions of Lady Mo

Tang Min

（Office of Local Chronicles，Zhejiang Academy of Social Sciences，Hangzhou 310007）

（138）

Abstract：The Family Instructions of Lady Mo was written in the thirtieth year of Shaoxing of the Southern Song Dynasty.The author of the book is the respected female elder Lady Mo of the famous Hu Family in Baishan Town of Yuyao County，Zhejiang Province.Lady Mo was a resourceful woman in managing the family affairs，helping her husband fulfill great achievements and cultivating her children and grandchildren who later became renowned minister or high officials of the country.The family instructions were written by the Lady when she was 85 with the intention to guide the later generations of the family with Confucius teachings to regulate the family ethical order，supplementing the social morality of the time and exerting profound influence later.Totaling 120 parts，the instructions were written with great emotion in a straightforward and natural manner and has been passed down on her later generations and looked up as the spiritual anchor by them in the past 800 years.As the instructions are part of our national heritage，the author believes the essence of them should be kept and those that do not fit the modern society should be discarded to help our family education and social management at present.

Key words：Lady Mo； family instructions； Confucianism； family tradition； social culture and tradition

Necessary Returning：Peters and the New Idea of Cross-Cultural Communication

Yan Bing，Chen Cheng

（School of Journalism and Communication，Southwest University of Political Science and Law，Chongqing 401121）

（146）

Abstract：In this era of unprecedented abundance of communication channels，the sigh of frustration about communication has become heavier.Faced with this contradiction，it is necessary to rediscover those wise communication ideas.In the journey of returning to Peters’ communication philosophy，this article connects with the real situation，carefully digs into the profound interpretation of the otherness of communication，the fair view of communication，and the goal of communication in Speaking into the air，and finds out the new horizon that Peters provides for today’s cross-cultural communication practice：cross-cultural communication should get rid of the unified obsession of communion，cross-cultural communication cannot be separated from the real context and historical dimensions，and cross-cultural communication needs to carefully handle the relationship between the media，mind and body.

Key words：cross-cultural communication； John Durham Peters； dialogue； dispersion； acommunity of shared future for mankind

How Does “Information” Become “News”?

Wang Zhen，Xie Yifei

（Party Propaganda Department，Zhejiang University of Technology，Hangzhou 310014）

（152）

Abstract：“News belongs to information” is widely recognized by the field of journalism.With the development of mobile communication，“News Information” seems to become a proper noun，information is directly used as news，blurring the difference between the two.The gatekeeper is the key to the transformation of“Information” into “News”.It has experienced the change from Human to “Machine + Human”.What remains unchanged under the change is the transformation rule and transformation condition.Information should always meet the needs of people at three levels，including labor needs，political needs and audience needs，and always meet the requirements of the perspective of the communicator and news value，so as to be more conducive to dissemination and eventually become news.

Key words：information； news； gatekeeper； need theory