奉紅波
腦蛋白水解物與鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子對(duì)青光眼術(shù)后視神經(jīng)的保護(hù)作用
奉紅波
青光眼;腦蛋白水解物注射劑;注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子;視神經(jīng)保護(hù)
目的比較腦蛋白水解物與鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子對(duì)原發(fā)性閉角型青光眼術(shù)后視神經(jīng)的保護(hù)作用。方法選取2011年1月至2012年12月我院小梁切除術(shù)后原發(fā)性閉角型青光眼患者80例(80眼),隨機(jī)分成腦蛋白水解物組與鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組。腦蛋白水解物組給予腦蛋白水解物注射劑,鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組給予注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子,均連續(xù)治療4周。比較兩組治療前及治療后1個(gè)月的視力、眼壓、視野、視覺誘發(fā)電位等。結(jié)果腦蛋白水解物組患者治療前視力為0.38±0.40,治療后1個(gè)月為0.51±0.38,治療后顯著高于治療前,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.040);鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組治療前視力為0.46±0.33,治療后1個(gè)月為0.48±0.35,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.552);腦蛋白水解物組治療后視力顯著高于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.046)。腦蛋白水解物組患者治療后1個(gè)月的平均視敏度、P100波振幅顯著高于治療前(P=0.000、0.028),視野平均缺損值、P100波潛伏期顯著低于治療前(P=0.000、0.000);鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組患者治療后的平均視敏度、P100波振幅顯著高于治療前(P=0.021、0.045),P100波潛伏期顯著低于治療前(P=0.026)。腦蛋白水解物組治療后的視力、平均視敏度、P100波振幅顯著高于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組(P=0.046、0.003、0.012),視野平均缺損值、P100波潛伏期顯著低于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組(P=0.036、0.032)。結(jié)論腦蛋白水解物注射液與注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子均可穩(wěn)定患者視力,改善視野,促進(jìn)部分視神經(jīng)功能的恢復(fù),但腦蛋白水解物注射液作用明顯優(yōu)于注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子。
[眼科新進(jìn)展,2014,34(5):477-479]
青光眼是一組由眼壓增高或低血流灌注等多種因素引起的不可逆致盲性眼病,視神經(jīng)損害是其致盲的主要原因[1]。盡管臨床上可以通過手術(shù)和藥物來控制或降低眼壓,但相當(dāng)多的患者在眼壓已降低或已控制在正常范圍內(nèi)之后,其視功能損害仍在繼續(xù)。研究表明,高眼壓引起的視神經(jīng)萎縮、視網(wǎng)膜神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞凋亡,并未因眼壓控制而停止進(jìn)展,視神經(jīng)保護(hù)與降眼壓在青光眼的治療中具有同樣重要的地位[2]。本研究分析了神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)劑腦蛋白水解物注射劑與注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子治療青光眼視神經(jīng)萎縮的臨床療效差異,為青光眼術(shù)后視神經(jīng)保護(hù)劑的選擇提供參考。
1.1一般資料選取2011年1月至2012年12月我院行小梁切除術(shù)后原發(fā)性閉角型青光眼患者80例(80眼),其中男42例,女38例,年齡40~71(55.1±8.1)歲。按術(shù)后給予藥物不同,隨機(jī)分成腦蛋白水解物組與鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組。腦蛋白水解物組38例,其中男20例,女18例,年齡40~69(55.7±8.2)歲;鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組42例,其中男22例,女20例,年齡41~71(54.3±7.9)歲。兩組的性別比例、年齡等臨床基線資料比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均為P>0.05),具有可比性。所有患者術(shù)后眼壓穩(wěn)定,均控制在10~21 mmHg(1 kPa=7.5 mmHg)之間,患眼視力均≥0.1。術(shù)后出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥、依從性差、不能按時(shí)隨訪和接受治療等患者不納入本研究。
1.2治療方法腦蛋白水解物組給予腦蛋白水解物注射劑(云南盟生藥業(yè)生產(chǎn),每支60 mg),每次1支,配入50 g·L-1葡萄糖注射液250 mL,靜脈滴注,每天1次;鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組給予注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子(舒泰神北京生物制藥股份有限公司,每瓶30 μg),每次1瓶,以2 mL注射用水溶解后肌肉注射,每天1次。治療前各組患者均停止使用治療青光眼視神經(jīng)萎縮的所有藥物(降眼壓藥物除外)以排除其他藥物的影響,兩組均在抗青光眼術(shù)后3 d開始用藥,均連續(xù)用藥4周。
1.3觀察指標(biāo)觀察治療前及治療后1個(gè)月的視力(以LogMAR視力表示)、眼壓、視野、視覺誘發(fā)電位(visual evoked potential,VEP)等指標(biāo)變化情況,其中視野觀察指標(biāo)包括平均視敏度(mean sensitivity,MS)值與平均缺損(mean defect,MD)值,VEP記錄P100波潛伏期和振幅。
1.4統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析使用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,所有數(shù)據(jù)均以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差表示,組間、組內(nèi)比較采用t檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1視力腦蛋白水解物組患者治療前視力為0.38±0.40,治療后1個(gè)月為0.51±0.38,治療后顯著高于治療前,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.040);鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組治療前視力為0.46±0.33,治療后1個(gè)月為0.48±0.35,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.552);腦蛋白水解物組治療后視力顯著高于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.046)。
2.2眼壓腦蛋白水解物組治療前眼壓為(13.66±3.96)mmHg,治療后1個(gè)月為(12.95±2.75)mmHg,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.538);鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組治療前眼壓為(13.72±2.48)mmHg,治療后1個(gè)月為(13.52±2.84)mmHg,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.142);兩組治療后眼壓比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.077)。
2.3視野腦蛋白水解物組治療前MS值為(17.27±3.66)dB,治療后1個(gè)月為(21.18±4.85)dB,治療后顯著高于治療前,差異有顯著統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.000);鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組治療前MS值為(16.88±3.45)dB,治療后1個(gè)月為(18.25±4.51)dB,治療后顯著高于治療前,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.021);腦蛋白水解物組治療后MS值顯著高于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組,差異有顯著統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.003)。腦蛋白水解物組治療前MD值為(16.87±5.30)dB,治療后1個(gè)月為(12.20±5.61)dB,治療后顯著低于治療前,差異有顯著統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.000);鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組治療前MD值為(17.10±4.22)dB,治療后1個(gè)月為(16.22±4.79)dB,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.459);腦蛋白水解物組治療后視野MD值顯著低于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.036)。
2.4VEP腦蛋白水解物組治療前P100波振幅為(5.87±2.77)μV,治療后1個(gè)月為(7.74±2.11)μV,治療后顯著高于治療前,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.028);鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組治療前P100波振幅為(6.05±2.65)μV,治療后1個(gè)月為(6.46±2.77)μV,治療后顯著高于治療前,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.045);腦蛋白水解物組治療后的P100波振幅顯著高于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.012)。腦蛋白水解物組治療前P100波潛伏期為(121.89±14.03)ms,治療后1個(gè)月為(98.35±13.43)ms,治療后顯著低于治療前,差異有顯著統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.000);鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組治療前P100波潛伏期為(126.44±11.56)ms,治療后1個(gè)月為(117.42±11.37)ms,治療后顯著低于治療前,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.026);腦蛋白水解物組治療后的P100潛伏期顯著低于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.032)。
青光眼是以視神經(jīng)萎縮和視野缺損為共同特征的疾病,病理性眼壓增高是導(dǎo)致視神經(jīng)萎縮和視野缺損逐漸加重的重要因素。因此,及時(shí)地控制眼壓是保護(hù)視神經(jīng)和視野的關(guān)鍵步驟,是其治療的中心環(huán)節(jié)。然而,近年來的臨床及實(shí)驗(yàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在眼壓得到控制后,視神經(jīng)萎縮和視野缺損卻繼續(xù)加重,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)視神經(jīng)萎縮的病理基礎(chǔ)是視網(wǎng)膜神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞的不斷凋亡及視神經(jīng)纖維的不斷丟失[3-5]。病理性高眼壓激發(fā)了視網(wǎng)膜神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞凋亡的級(jí)聯(lián)反應(yīng),導(dǎo)致了眼壓控制后視神經(jīng)萎縮和視野缺損的繼續(xù)發(fā)展,因此,眼壓控制后患者視力、視野和視神經(jīng)可能繼續(xù)損傷[6-7]。
腦蛋白水解物為一種大腦所特有的肽能神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)藥物,能以多種方式作用于中樞神經(jīng),調(diào)節(jié)和改善神經(jīng)元的代謝,促進(jìn)突觸的形成,誘導(dǎo)神經(jīng)元的分化,并進(jìn)一步保護(hù)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞免受各種缺血和神經(jīng)毒素的損害[8-9],其適應(yīng)證為顱腦外傷、腦血管病后遺癥伴有記憶減退及注意力集中障礙等。鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子系從小鼠頜下腺提取的神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子,可改善由丙二酮和丙烯酰胺造成的大鼠中毒性周圍神經(jīng)病所致的肢體運(yùn)動(dòng)功能障礙,縮短神經(jīng)-肌肉動(dòng)作電位潛伏期,并提高神經(jīng)-肌肉電位幅度。組織病理學(xué)檢查結(jié)果表明,本品有降低動(dòng)物神經(jīng)髓鞘腫脹發(fā)生率和減少變性神經(jīng)纖維數(shù)量等作用,提示鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子可能有促進(jìn)損傷神經(jīng)恢復(fù)的作用[10]。
本研究先采用目前臨床常用的青光眼治療方法,即標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的小梁切除術(shù),術(shù)后分別給予腦蛋白水解物注射液與注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子進(jìn)行視神經(jīng)保護(hù)治療,選取視力、眼壓、視野和VEP為觀察指標(biāo)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),腦蛋白水解物注射液與注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子均可以穩(wěn)定患者視力,改善視野,增強(qiáng)視神經(jīng)電活動(dòng),促進(jìn)部分視神經(jīng)功能的恢復(fù)而不影響眼壓。本研究結(jié)果同時(shí)顯示,腦蛋白水解物組治療后的視力、視野MS值、P100波振幅顯著高于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組(P=0.046、0.003、0.012),視野MD值、P100波潛伏期顯著低于鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子組(P=0.036、0.032),說明腦蛋白水解物注射液對(duì)青光眼術(shù)后視神經(jīng)保護(hù)作用明顯優(yōu)于注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子。
綜上所述,腦蛋白水解物注射液與注射用鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子均可以促進(jìn)部分視神經(jīng)功能的恢復(fù),但腦蛋白水解物注射液作用更強(qiáng),可以為青光眼術(shù)后視神經(jīng)保護(hù)劑的選擇提供參考。
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date:Jul 28,2013
Protective effects of cerebroprotein hydrolysate and mouse nerve growth factor on optic nerve after anti-glaucoma surgery
FENG Hong-Bo
glaucoma;cerebroprotein hydrolysate injection;injectable mouse nerve growth factor;optic neuroprotection
Objective To compare the protective effects of cerebroprotein hydrolysate (CH) and mouse nerve growth factor (NGF) on optic nerve after anti-glaucoma surgery of primary close-angle glaucoma patients.Methods Eighty cases (80 eyes) with primary close-angle glaucoma underwent trabeculectomy in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2012 were randomly divided into CH group and NGF group.The patients in CH group were treated with CH injection,and NGF group were treated with injectable mouse NGF,all continuous treating time were 4 weeks.The vision,intraocular pressure,visual field,visual evoked potential were compared before and after treatment in two groups.Results The vision before treatment and 1 month after treatment in CH group were 0.38±0.40 and 0.51±0.38,respectively,there was statistical difference (P=0.040),which in NGF group were 0.46±0.33 and 0.48±0.35,respectively,there was no statistical difference (P=0.552).The vision after treatment in CH group was better than that in NGF group,there was statistical difference (P=0.046).The mean sensitivity,amplitude of P100 wave at 1 month after treatment in CH group were significantly higher than those before treatment(P=0.000,0.028),and mean defect of visual field,latency of P100 wave were significantly lower than those before treatment(P=0.000,0.000).The mean sensitivity,amplitude of P100 wave at 1 month after treatment in NGF group was significantly higher than those before treatment(P=0.021,0.045),and latency of P100 wave was significantly lower than that before treatment(P=0.026).The vision,mean sensitivity,amplitude of P100 wave after treatment in CH group were significantly higher than those in NGF group after treatment(P=0.046,0.003,0.012),and mean defect of visual field,latency of P100 wave in CH group were significantly lower than those in NGF group(P=0.036,0.032).Conclusion CH injection and injectable mouse NGF all can stabilize vision,improve visual field,enhance electrical activity of optic nerve and promote part of visual functional recover,but CH injection is much better than injectable mouse NGF.
奉紅波,男,1972年7月出生,碩士。研究方向:青光眼的臨床治療。聯(lián)系電話:18975803299;E-mail:fhb1972@163.com
AboutFENGHong-Bo:Male,born in July,1972.Master degree.Tel:18975803299;E-mail:fhb1972@163.com
2013-07-28
545001 廣西柳州市,柳州市中醫(yī)院眼科
奉紅波.腦蛋白水解物與鼠神經(jīng)生長(zhǎng)因子對(duì)青光眼術(shù)后視神經(jīng)的保護(hù)作用[J].眼科新進(jìn)展,2014,34(5):477-479.
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10.13389/j.cnki.rao.2014.0131
修回日期:2013-11-12
本文編輯:周志新
Accepteddate:Nov 12,2013
From theDepartmentofOphthalmology,ChineseTraditionalMedicalHospitalofLiuzhouCity,Liuzhou545001,GuangxiZhuangAutonomousArea,China
[RecAdvOphthalmol,2014,34(5):477-479]