董軍權(quán)

筆者在批改調(diào)查問(wèn)卷、調(diào)查報(bào)告等表格類(lèi)基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作中，發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的表達(dá)，尤其在呈現(xiàn)百分比時(shí)，句式單一，結(jié)構(gòu)混亂，語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤較多，以至影響分?jǐn)?shù)。本文以如何正確表達(dá)百分比為中心，通過(guò)例句的形式展開(kāi)說(shuō)明，達(dá)到幫助同學(xué)正確表達(dá)百分比的目的。

一、夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)

（一）區(qū)分兩個(gè)名詞

1. percent的意思是：百分之……，也可寫(xiě)成%，在表示“百分之幾的……”時(shí)，一定要記得用介詞of。

[例1]57%的學(xué)生喜歡讀英語(yǔ)新聞。

57% of the students like to read English news.

或57 percent of the students like to read English news.

注意：percent of...作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要與所接名詞的數(shù)相一致。

[例2]大約26% 的同學(xué)對(duì)上網(wǎng)很感興趣。

About 26 percent of the students show great interest in surfing the Internet.

[例3]這個(gè)公園的綠化面積超過(guò)60%。

Over 60 percent of the park is covered with trees.

2. percentage的意思是：百分比，百分率。

[例4]57%的學(xué)生喜歡讀英語(yǔ)新聞。

The percentage of the students who like to read English news is 57 percent.

注意：A large/ small/ high/ low/ percentage of...作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要與of后所接名詞的數(shù)一致。

[例5]很大比例的中國(guó)移民選擇住在中國(guó)城。

A large percentage of Chinese immigrants have chosen to stay in the Chinatowns.

[例6]大量的污水進(jìn)入了大海。

A high percentage of the polluted water goes into the sea.

（二）活用幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞

在表達(dá)“占一定數(shù)量或比例”時(shí)，常用的詞有account for， make up， take up， occupy等。

[例7]非礦物燃料將占整個(gè)國(guó)家所用能源的15%。

The proportion of non-fossil fuels will account for 15 percent of all energies used in the country.

或The proportion of non-fossil fuels will make up 15 percent of all energies used in the country.

[例8]當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)動(dòng)員占了整個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的大多數(shù)。

Local athletes occupy a large portion of the entire participants.

或Local athletes take up a large portion of the entire participants.

（三）熟悉相互轉(zhuǎn)換

百分比與分?jǐn)?shù)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，避免表達(dá)重復(fù)

[例9]百分之二十五的同學(xué)將做一些兼職工作，因?yàn)榭梢藻憻捤麄兊莫?dú)立性。

A quarter of the students will do some part-time jobs as it can exercise their own independent ability.

25% of the students will do some part-time jobs as it can exercise their own independent ability.

[例10]百分之三十的同學(xué)愿意求助家長(zhǎng)或老師。

30% of us would like to share troubles with our teachers or parents.

Three- tenths of us would like to share troubles with our teachers or parents.

[例11]百分之六十七的學(xué)生認(rèn)為他們奮斗的目的是為了改變自己的命運(yùn)。

67% of the students claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate

About two-thirds of the students claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate.

二、技能提升

（一）表達(dá)技巧

[例12]75%是男性吸煙者，25%是女性吸煙者。

簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)：75% are male smokers. 25% are female smokers.

對(duì)比表達(dá)：75% are male smokers while 25% are female smokers.

這兩句話(huà)的謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)都一樣，只有主語(yǔ)不同，還可以合二為一：endprint

75% of the men and 25% of the women are smokers.

[例13]25%的同學(xué)贊成這個(gè)想法，75%的人反對(duì)，3%的人沒(méi)發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。

簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)： 22% of the students approve of the idea. 75% of them are against it. 3% of them dont express their opinions on this idea.

都含of them，可省去：

Only 22% of the students approve of the idea. 75% are against it. 50% dont express their opinions on this idea.

下列方式表達(dá)效果更好。

Only 22% of the students are in favour of the idea. The majority of them，taking up 75%，are strongly against it. The rest 3% dont express their opinions on it.

（二）常用句型

1. On the one hand， about...% of the people agree to... ， because... On the other hand， over ...% of the people hold a different view， saying that... 一方面，大約有百分之……的人贊成……，因?yàn)椤?。另一方面，有超過(guò)百分之……的人持不同觀點(diǎn)，他們認(rèn)為……

2. ...of my classmates are in favor of...， for the reason that... 有……的同學(xué)贊成……，其理由是……

3. The percentage of... is 30%， which is the same as that of ... ……的百分比是百分之三十，這跟……的比例相同。

三、實(shí)例分析

[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]

根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)，寫(xiě)一篇短文，包括以下內(nèi)容：

1. 調(diào)查時(shí)間、調(diào)查問(wèn)題以及調(diào)查對(duì)象；

2. 男女生在以明星為偶像方面的差異；

3.“父母”在男女生偶像中的排序差異；

4. 男女生在以偉人為偶像方面的異同；

5. 你的偶像及理由。

參考范文（注意范文中百分比的表達(dá)）：

Last week， we did a survey among 2，600 students on“who is your idol”. The survey shows that half of the girls choose film and TV stars as idols， while 48% of the boys favor sports stars. As the data shows， “parents” ranks the second for the girls， but the fourth for the boys. However， the percentage of the boys choosing “great figures” is the same as that of the girls. As for me， Thomas Edison is my idol， because his inventions have greatly changed our life.

四、即時(shí)練習(xí)

[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]

根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)，寫(xiě)一篇短文，包括以下內(nèi)容：

1. 調(diào)查時(shí)間、調(diào)查問(wèn)題以及調(diào)查對(duì)象；

2. 調(diào)查的結(jié)果

3.調(diào)查的結(jié)論。

參考范文

Last week， a survey about “the feeling of happiness” was carried out among 2000 students in our school. Nearly all the students surveyed agree that happiness is the correct attitude towards life. As for what makes them feel happy， 30% of the students gain happiness from the warmth of the families such as the love of parents or relatives （可換成：the percentage of the students who gain happiness from the warmth of the families such as the love of parents or relatives is 30%） and 40% of the students think that they gain happiness from achievements （可換成：those who think that they gain happiness from achievements account for the largest proportion， making up 40%）. There are about 20% of the students saying that they feel delighted from friendship and helping others， while the last 10% （可換成：the rest） hope they can be more independent from their parents and school. From the figures， we can draw a conclusion that students have passion for life， but they need to experience life more and broaden their horizons.

（作者單位：廣東肇慶中學(xué)）

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

75% of the men and 25% of the women are smokers.

[例13]25%的同學(xué)贊成這個(gè)想法，75%的人反對(duì)，3%的人沒(méi)發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。

簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)： 22% of the students approve of the idea. 75% of them are against it. 3% of them dont express their opinions on this idea.

都含of them，可省去：

Only 22% of the students approve of the idea. 75% are against it. 50% dont express their opinions on this idea.

下列方式表達(dá)效果更好。

Only 22% of the students are in favour of the idea. The majority of them，taking up 75%，are strongly against it. The rest 3% dont express their opinions on it.

（二）常用句型

1. On the one hand， about...% of the people agree to... ， because... On the other hand， over ...% of the people hold a different view， saying that... 一方面，大約有百分之……的人贊成……，因?yàn)椤?。另一方面，有超過(guò)百分之……的人持不同觀點(diǎn)，他們認(rèn)為……

2. ...of my classmates are in favor of...， for the reason that... 有……的同學(xué)贊成……，其理由是……

3. The percentage of... is 30%， which is the same as that of ... ……的百分比是百分之三十，這跟……的比例相同。

三、實(shí)例分析

[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]

根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)，寫(xiě)一篇短文，包括以下內(nèi)容：

1. 調(diào)查時(shí)間、調(diào)查問(wèn)題以及調(diào)查對(duì)象；

2. 男女生在以明星為偶像方面的差異；

3.“父母”在男女生偶像中的排序差異；

4. 男女生在以偉人為偶像方面的異同；

5. 你的偶像及理由。

參考范文（注意范文中百分比的表達(dá)）：

Last week， we did a survey among 2，600 students on“who is your idol”. The survey shows that half of the girls choose film and TV stars as idols， while 48% of the boys favor sports stars. As the data shows， “parents” ranks the second for the girls， but the fourth for the boys. However， the percentage of the boys choosing “great figures” is the same as that of the girls. As for me， Thomas Edison is my idol， because his inventions have greatly changed our life.

四、即時(shí)練習(xí)

[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]

根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)，寫(xiě)一篇短文，包括以下內(nèi)容：

1. 調(diào)查時(shí)間、調(diào)查問(wèn)題以及調(diào)查對(duì)象；

2. 調(diào)查的結(jié)果

3.調(diào)查的結(jié)論。

參考范文

Last week， a survey about “the feeling of happiness” was carried out among 2000 students in our school. Nearly all the students surveyed agree that happiness is the correct attitude towards life. As for what makes them feel happy， 30% of the students gain happiness from the warmth of the families such as the love of parents or relatives （可換成：the percentage of the students who gain happiness from the warmth of the families such as the love of parents or relatives is 30%） and 40% of the students think that they gain happiness from achievements （可換成：those who think that they gain happiness from achievements account for the largest proportion， making up 40%）. There are about 20% of the students saying that they feel delighted from friendship and helping others， while the last 10% （可換成：the rest） hope they can be more independent from their parents and school. From the figures， we can draw a conclusion that students have passion for life， but they need to experience life more and broaden their horizons.

（作者單位：廣東肇慶中學(xué)）

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

75% of the men and 25% of the women are smokers.

[例13]25%的同學(xué)贊成這個(gè)想法，75%的人反對(duì)，3%的人沒(méi)發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。

簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)： 22% of the students approve of the idea. 75% of them are against it. 3% of them dont express their opinions on this idea.

都含of them，可省去：

Only 22% of the students approve of the idea. 75% are against it. 50% dont express their opinions on this idea.

下列方式表達(dá)效果更好。

Only 22% of the students are in favour of the idea. The majority of them，taking up 75%，are strongly against it. The rest 3% dont express their opinions on it.

（二）常用句型

1. On the one hand， about...% of the people agree to... ， because... On the other hand， over ...% of the people hold a different view， saying that... 一方面，大約有百分之……的人贊成……，因?yàn)椤?。另一方面，有超過(guò)百分之……的人持不同觀點(diǎn)，他們認(rèn)為……

2. ...of my classmates are in favor of...， for the reason that... 有……的同學(xué)贊成……，其理由是……

3. The percentage of... is 30%， which is the same as that of ... ……的百分比是百分之三十，這跟……的比例相同。

三、實(shí)例分析

[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]

根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)，寫(xiě)一篇短文，包括以下內(nèi)容：

1. 調(diào)查時(shí)間、調(diào)查問(wèn)題以及調(diào)查對(duì)象；

2. 男女生在以明星為偶像方面的差異；

3.“父母”在男女生偶像中的排序差異；

4. 男女生在以偉人為偶像方面的異同；

5. 你的偶像及理由。

參考范文（注意范文中百分比的表達(dá)）：

Last week， we did a survey among 2，600 students on“who is your idol”. The survey shows that half of the girls choose film and TV stars as idols， while 48% of the boys favor sports stars. As the data shows， “parents” ranks the second for the girls， but the fourth for the boys. However， the percentage of the boys choosing “great figures” is the same as that of the girls. As for me， Thomas Edison is my idol， because his inventions have greatly changed our life.

四、即時(shí)練習(xí)

[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]

根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)，寫(xiě)一篇短文，包括以下內(nèi)容：

1. 調(diào)查時(shí)間、調(diào)查問(wèn)題以及調(diào)查對(duì)象；

2. 調(diào)查的結(jié)果

3.調(diào)查的結(jié)論。

參考范文

Last week， a survey about “the feeling of happiness” was carried out among 2000 students in our school. Nearly all the students surveyed agree that happiness is the correct attitude towards life. As for what makes them feel happy， 30% of the students gain happiness from the warmth of the families such as the love of parents or relatives （可換成：the percentage of the students who gain happiness from the warmth of the families such as the love of parents or relatives is 30%） and 40% of the students think that they gain happiness from achievements （可換成：those who think that they gain happiness from achievements account for the largest proportion， making up 40%）. There are about 20% of the students saying that they feel delighted from friendship and helping others， while the last 10% （可換成：the rest） hope they can be more independent from their parents and school. From the figures， we can draw a conclusion that students have passion for life， but they need to experience life more and broaden their horizons.

（作者單位：廣東肇慶中學(xué)）

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint