Chen Huihui
(School of Foreign Languages Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huai’an Jiangsu 223001)
Sticking to the characteristic of today’s higher education and meeting wide demands have become the fundamental goal in the talent cultivation.Therefore,satisfaction index of higher education curriculum turns to be the new standard for the construction of curriculum quality evaluation system,helping to break through the“plateau phenomenon”and“bottleneck period”of the curriculum.
Accessible to general talents,the idea of human-based curriculum system reflects its service function.From the aspect of evaluation factor,three important indicators in curriculum system,including the service function,the guidance function and the exploratory function fully express the basic motive in the development of higher education curriculum.On the basis of above research,a comprehensive exploration is applied to functional evaluation indicators of curriculum in colleges and universities,and the service function shows the importance of the construction and research of curriculum system,which can not only promote the service in curriculum system of higher education,but measure the quality evaluation system well.〔1〕What’s more,the research on higher education curriculum system can be led to the right direction under the guidance function,and then the research function of system is underlined.Making such two indicators the important index for evaluation promotes the exploration and innovation of quality evaluation of higher education curriculum.
The overall planning of curriculum system in colleges and universities is mainly about the professional course and the public course.Following the targeted development will highlight the technicality and then improve the quality of the professional course.However,the public course should keep to the way of mass education with the common adaptability and diversification.From these two parts,the basic principles of curriculum system construction can be concluded to explore the core competitiveness of curriculum development further.And the basic requirements of curriculum quality evaluation system mainly lie in the comprehensive exploration of advantages in curriculum development and the effective evaluation of these advantages.The former sums up the advantages to explore the sustainability and innovation of curriculum development and the latter makes the evaluation process constitutive of curriculum evaluation system in order to give an objective evaluation of the general trend.
As the fundamental way of the cultivation of talents,higher education determines the destiny and direction of social development.The construction of higher education curriculum system should follow the basic requirements of social development and steadily intensify the study of its major direction.Curriculum evaluation system is the core in the overall development of higher education,providing a strong support for the construction of curriculum system.〔2〕
The key to the construction of curriculum system in colleges and universities is to improve the internal structure and then explore the sustainable development of curriculum system.And curriculum evaluation system is mainly constructed to give the right direction of curriculum development and meet the basic requirements of talents cultivation.Therefore,the development of curriculum evaluation system should focus on the feasibility of curriculum research direction in order to adjust to the internal mechanism of curriculum evaluation system to the point.After obtaining the supplementary content in this way,the main evaluation index of curriculum system can keep the direction of curriculum system construction,thus helping overcome“the plateau phenomenon”and realize the long-term target for curriculum in colleges and universities.〔3〕
The sustainable development of higher education curriculum affects directly the cultivation and transformation of talents.The basic principles and factors of the sustainable construction of curriculum development can be used as index elements in comprehensive evaluation.Then a further reform will be conducted to improve the internal structure of evaluation system and the coordination between the application and the result of evaluation mechanism.And the comprehensive construction of the task-based evaluation mechanism endues the curriculum evaluation criteria with characteristics of diversification and systematization.With the initial results of curriculum in sustainable development,the quality evaluation is also produced periodically to give the effective information to the result evaluation mechanism so that the evaluation criteria can become the main contrast conditions.〔4〕And the effective operation of the task-based evaluation mechanism in the sustainable development of curriculum can give the quality analysis and assessment for a certain stage of curriculum development,making evaluation results achieve the initial goal of the task more intuitive directly.
As an important guiding ideology in the process of higher education,the thought of higher education ecological development has put forward some specific suggestions for the comprehensive development of curriculum.The construction of curriculum evaluation system in colleges and universities should be com-bined with the principle of ecological development,giving the evaluation directly to the comprehensive development of curriculum system.With the evaluation result as an evaluation indicator of curriculum quality,it can be judged whether the construction of higher education curriculum system meets the requirements of macro development.Besides,the integrity of internal evaluation index and the measure of the maturity in curriculum development help analyze the feasibility of the comprehensive development of the curriculum system and obtain evaluation results objectively.〔5〕
As the core power of the construction of curriculum management system in colleges and universities,the thought of multiple intelligence development fully embodies the leading and service role in the overall development of curriculum.The full implementation of this thought requires higher curriculum quality and more strict checks over the development.Starting from the system of curriculum construction,apositive evaluation should be applied to internal factors of higher education curriculum,a comprehensive assessment needs being involved in the relevant areas,and finally a forward-looking evaluation is supposed to work in the foreground of curriculum system.Taking it as a turning point,an effective analysis of specific supplementary conditions for curriculum development can be made to offer the evaluation information comprehensively to ensure curriculum quality.〔6〕
With the increasing marginalization of some subjects in colleges and universities,the rationality of curriculum becomes an important indicator of curriculum evaluation system.Then the following requirements have been put forward from the aspect of index factor for the establishment of evaluation factor of curriculum rationality.Firstly,an effective and comprehensive evaluation of related subjects should be carried out to compare the evaluation result with the evaluation criteria.Secondly,a comprehensive evaluation of curriculum development is made to conclude the effect on curriculum quality,which becomes an important part of evaluation criteria as well.The analysis of the above aspects provides more effective data for the overall curriculum quality.
Combined with potential factors in curriculum development,the construc-tion of higher education curriculum system concentrates on the further exploration of innovation to improve both the curriculum quality and the way of curriculum system construction.And under the comprehensive construction of evaluation system,a further exploration can be realized in the potential space of curriculum development from the perspective of innovation,thus making the breakthrough of the bottleneck in the development of curriculum in colleges and universities.〔7〕
The development of higher education curriculum focuses mainly on the factor of its sustainable development so as to establish the evaluation index and evaluation factor of curriculum evaluation system.And the effective integration of these two aspects,which is used to compare with principles of curriculum development,improves the effectiveness and sustainability of curriculum evaluation system in the targeted higher education.
The system of quality evaluation of higher education curriculum is constructed to provide an effective evaluation for the development of curriculum quality,thus highlighting the innovation and broadening the development space in curriculum research.The bottleneck period is the only way which must be passed in the development of higher education curriculum.Being an important way to make breakthrough,the system of curriculum quality evaluation combined with evaluation standards and evaluation factors of curriculum quality can explore the direction of curriculum research,and stimulate innovative elements of curriculum development.In this way,higher education curriculum will achieve innovative breakthrough constantly so as to provide external support for higher education in the smooth transition from the bottleneck period.
Translated by Chen Shiyu
〔1〕王媛、白華:《當(dāng)代高等教育質(zhì)量的價值觀建構(gòu)探析》,《國家教育行政學(xué)院學(xué)報》2014年第3期,第47-52頁。
〔2〕朱守信:《楊頡高等教育質(zhì)量問責(zé)路徑依賴的化解》,《江蘇高教》2014年第2期,第28-30頁。
〔3〕楊洋.美國高等教育質(zhì)量保障機(jī)制與中國高等教育發(fā)展》,《黑龍江高教研究》2014年第1期,第49-52頁。
〔4〕何惠、李東航:《論以生為本的高等教育質(zhì)量評價》,《中國成人教育》2014年第2期,第9-11頁。
〔5〕馬君:《美國高等教育質(zhì)量評價模式研究—基于美國“社區(qū)學(xué)院學(xué)生參與度調(diào)查”(CCSSE)的分析》,《外國教育研究》2014年第41(2)期,第103-112頁。
〔6〕袁偉:《高等教育質(zhì)量保障的三維度分析》,《教育探索》2014年第1期,第24-26頁。
〔7〕劉揚(yáng)、孔繁士:《高校創(chuàng)新人才評價機(jī)制探索》,《科技管理研究》2013年第33(15)期,第76-79頁。