（2016-06）

CONTENTS

（2016-06）

（1）

In order to enhance the communication，understanding and cooperative researches among different scholars，Elinor Ostrom proposed an Institutional Analysis and Development framework for organizing the institutional research as a meta-language.IAD framework originated from the great scholars，namely Tocqueville，Hobbes，Hamilton，and others.Also IAD is a compromise of political thoughts and empirical researches.The IAD framework is thus a general language about how rules，physical and material conditions，and attributes of community affect the structure of action arena，the incentives that individuals face，and the resulting outcomes.The IAD framework focuses on the action arena，which is composed of action situation and action participants.The participants interact with each other in the action situation producing the outcomes.The outcomes may comply with or violate with the expectations of participants.The participants evaluate the outcomes according their criteria.The IAD framework also emphasize the rules configurations structuring the action situations，which include the boundary rules，position rules，choice rules，information rules，aggregation rules，scope rules and payoff rules.Human beings always change among different action situations.In order to linking the different action arenas，IAD framework proposed the multiple level analysis，namely the operational level analysis，collective choice analysis，and constitutional choice analysis.In order to focus on the role of physical attributes and deal with the challenge of sustainability of human society，Elinor developed another Social-Ecology Systems(SES)framework to dialogue with the natural and biological scientists based on the IAD framework.In the IAD framework and researches by Elinor and her colleagues，we can find three most important characteristics，namely multiple methods，interdisciplinary research，and empirical analysis，which deserve the learning for the Chinese disciplines of Public Administration and Public Policy.

Institutional analysis；Game theory；Rules configurations；Multi-Level analysis；Social-Ecology systems

（2）

Abstract：The local officials usually tend to build Point Project with heavily cost in the process of rural preferential agricultural policy implementation process.Taking the process of New Countryside Building of X city as example，the model had experienced the change from equitable model to Point Project model through the time from 2006 to 2013.It seems that，the local officials like the Point project model not only because the performance driven，but more fundamentally because the system logic of Chinese bureaucracy.When the policy implementation process became more centralized controlled by higher government，the lower local officials in X City had to confront more fierce competition in the New Countryside Construction Policy Process.The experience proved that the equitable model had little help for the local officials to get good performance，whereas the Point Project model had the magic power for the local officials to do that，because the Point Project model had the advantage to launch signals in the policy process.The policy implementation experience of X city calls us to reflect that，Point Project could to be a kind of social mobilization technology，but because the work of the Chinese centralized and competition system，the Point Project also easy to become Performance Engineering.

Key words：Preferential agricultural policy；Point project；System logic

（3）

Abstract：Punctuated equilibrium established in 1990s is considered as a breakthrough of incrementalism because it combines the gradual and transformative two kinds of policy change.According to the framework，attention state and its information processing pattern is the basis of the policy choice and change，and the policy change depends on interaction between the problem definition and institutional structure.In the process of policy changes，negative effect in political subsystem makes the policy into policy monopoly while the positive effect in macro politics collapses the policy monopoly.Thus，there are two kinds of policy changes:incremental in the long term but interrupted in the short term.Consider the specific policy environment that lack of political subsystem and macro political system in China，the approach of defining the policy equilibrium or punctuation by the change of policy venue is inapplicable.Therefore，with the aid of“policy paradigm”provided by Hall，this paper argues that policy change state depends on the policy overarching goals:the change of overarching goals reflects the policy punctuation while the policy tools and its level of setting reflects the policy equilibrium.On the basis，this paper attempt to make certain correction and localization to the punctuated equilibrium framework in the China context.

Key words：Punctuated equilibrium；Policy change；Policy venue；Policy paradigm；Overarching goal of policy

（4）

Abstract：Authorized organizational structure is a new model of grassroots democratic elections.With the gradual promotion of the direct election of townships and towns，from the direct election of elected township chiefs to the direct election of township Party committee secretaries and their leading bodies，the structural elements of power，personnel relations and rules in the authorized organization structure of villages and towns follow a periodic law of institutional change，which dominates the reform activities of the authorized organizational structure of the township.This form of organizational structure，driven by exogenous forces，is influenced by the combination of real conditions（economic factors），electoral actors（social factors），institutional supply（political factors）.This paper adopts the comparative analysis method of three groups of multi-cases，and generalizes the authorized organization structure of the township under the direct election into three types of practice modes:party authorization，mass authorization and mixed authorization.This paper gives a new life cycle theory model for the change of the authorized organization structure of villages and towns according to the case and the literature data，and provides a new way for the research of the township organization structure change.

Key words：Public recommendation and direct election；Authorized organization structure in township；Institutional change cycle

（5）

Abstract：In recent years，the development of village villagers autonomous“dead end crows”in many places，however，natural village autonomous is"new vista".Because of differences in this autonomy performance，hand to explore the effective realization form of the villagers'self governance in the basic level society and realize the innovation of rural governance system.Qingyuan of Guangdong province，had moved down the Villager autonomy focus，and advanced the moderate separation of administration and autonomy.Finally，realizing the reset function of villager autonomy，and achieving certain results.Of course，the reform of the rural governance system is also facing some difficulties，and it still needs time to test whether it can regain autonomy.However the Qingyuan experiment provides a direction for the reform of the villager autonomy system in our country at least.

Key words:Qingyuan experiment；Focus of autonomy moves down；Administrative village；Natural village；Effectiveness

（6）

Abstracts：Multiple participation has become the mainstream framework of community governance study.With the analysis of the theoretical foundation of the multiple participation framework，and enlightened by the distinction between social integration and system integration made by modern social theory，however，the paper argues that the framework confines itself to social governance and ignores system governance.It is demonstrated by case study that system governance has a priority to social governance in the policy-design of community governance.To take good use of the advantage of the trait of community governance，it is important to integrate social governance factors when system governance is needed，and vice versa.

Key words：Community governance；Multiple participation；System governance；Social governance

（7）

Abstract：China is at the period of exploring modernization governance model，culture development，a new way of thinking social governance，has get increasing attention.Community culture is the most fundamental component in the system of public cultural services，the level of culture governance is directly related to people's cultural life quality.However，how to from the Governance's perspective combine Culture Governance and Community Governance together，provides theoretical and practical solutions，are becoming one of the vital issues for Community Culture Development.This paper defined American community cultural governance，from its historical origin，organization structure，the types of community cultural project，funding system，assessment system，etc.And argued that our country should pay attention at the variety departments'participation in the culture governance；develop more cultural art forms programs；establish multiple funding investment system；regulate assessment system precisely，etc.So that China could better carry out community culture activity，establish community cultural governance model，and realize the goal of national modernization governance system and promote its ability.

Key words：Community；Community culture development；Public culture service

（8）

Abstract：Cultural soft power is an important force in the local economic and social development.As"late"on the economic and cultural resources enrichment area，Ethnic minority areas should make cultural resources and cultural soft power becoming the impetus of the development of local power effectively.This paper constructs the iceberg model of culture soft strength.Culture soft strength development in national regions should not only consider the dominant cultural soft power，more attention to the recessive cultural soft power.Dominant cultural soft power includes economic power，talent force and support power.Implicit cultural soft power includes image force，the cohesive force and radial force.

Key words：Ethnic minority areas；Cultural soft power；Iceberg model of culture soft strength；Implicit cultural soft power

（9）

Abstract：The government provides public employment training services by purchasing services，which can give full play to the resources allocation effects of government-purchased services and lever more social resources to participate in the supply of services.This has increasingly become an important way of providing public employment services in different regions.The compre-hensive evaluation method TOPSIS is used to make an analysis，the results of which show that the allocation effects of government-purchased public employment training services are emerging in China，but the overall allocation efficiency is still at a relatively low level，with the allocation efficiency of each province positively correlated with the scale of population and labor and the level of economic development.In view of this，the government should budget more for purchasing public employment training services，optimize the efficiency of government funding for purchasing services，promote the interregional cooperation and communication in providing public employment training services and vigorously support enterprises and social organizations to provide public employment training services，to continuously enhance the allocation efficiency of government-purchased public employment training services.

Key words：Government purchasing;Public employment training services；Allocation efficiency；Evaluation

（10）

Abstract：With the emergence of administrative ethics，administrative ethics legislation has become the common choice of anticorruption in Western countries.From the beginning of twentieth Century，this trend has maintained a strong momentum of development and become a major wave of world clean government.In the period of social transformation，people is in lack of correct understanding of the civil moral legislation，and the theory and practice of moral norms of civil servants of the United States may have reference significance for the current construction of China's administrative law，especially for the legislation of National Law of Anti-corruption.From the perspective of jurisprudence on the basis of empirical research on the civil servants moral legislation assessment，using data of US civil service ethics legislation as original first-hand facts，this study aims at analyzing US civil service ethics legislation，which may provide some experiences and references for China's administrative ethics legislation.

Key words：USA；Administrative ethics legislation；Experience and enlightenment；Chinese characteristics；Construction of clean governments

（11）

Abstract：The substantive due process clause in the United States confines arbitrary and unreasonable government action to protect individual rights and liberty by requiring adequate reasons and sufficiency of justification.Although courts in the United States nowadays incline not to use the substantive due process clause after the end of the Lochner era，in cases of urban renewal and land use controls，there are still substantive due process challenges.In Kelo，the Supreme Court of the United States reviewed the taking decision from the perspective of the subjective goal and objective process.In the post-Kelo era，the substantive due process clause is the weapon that property owners can use in judicial cases to fight against inefficient or unfair exercise of eminent domain and protect their own property rights，and courts developed specific standards of reviewing arbitrary，unreasonable or bad faith takings.The reviewing approach and relevant factors of the substantive due process clause have enlightened us on how to protect the rights of property owners in cases of eminent domain in China.

Key words：Eminent domain；Public interests；Public use；Substantive due process；Judicial review

System Analysis and Development Framework:Tradition，Evolution and Prospect

Li Wenzhao
（School of Public Administration，Renmin University of China，Beijing 100872）

The Point Project in Policy Implementation and its Logic：Take the New Countryside Construction Policy Process of X City for Discussion

Ye Min
（School of Humanities，East China University of Science and Technology，shang hai 200237）

Punctuated Equilibrium and ItsApplicability in Policy Analysis in China：Based on The Policy Paradigm

Sun Huan
（School of Politics and Public Administration，Wuhan University，Wuhan 430072）

Institutional Cycle：Transformation of Authorized Organization Structure in Villages and Towns——A Comparative Analysis of Directly-elected Experiment Based on Township Party Committee and Township

Zeng Weihe Yang Xingwei
（Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Beijing 10073；Nanjing Information Engineering University，Nanjing 210044）

Move Autonomy Focus Down：the Reform and Dilemma of Rural Governance System in Qingyuan

Huang Lanfang
（Sun Yat-sen University，Guangzhou 510275）

Bringing System Governance back in：Rethinking the Multiple Participation Model of Community Governance

Liu Yang
（Beijing Social Science Academy，Beijing 100101）

The U.S.Community Culture Development and Its Chinese Applicate

Yang Nan
（Beijing Opera and Arts College，Beijing 100068）

The Status Quo of Cultural Soft Power and Development Strategy in Minority Areas——An Example of the Gansu Qinghai Ningxia regions

Li Binwen
（Gansu Institute of Administration，Lanzhou 730010）

Research on the Allocation Efficiency of Government-purchased Public Employment Training Services in China

LuoYutingLu zhiguo
（College of Economics，Shenzhen University，Shenzhen，Guangdong 518060）

Study of US Civil Servants'Moral Legislation in 20th Century：Experiences and Enlightenment

Zuo Qiuming
（Research Center of Civic Ethics and Social Development of Chongqing，Chongqing Normal University，Chongqing401331）

Substantive Due Process in Cases of Eminent Domain——Enlightened from the United States

Yan Dongni
（School of Law，Shanghai Jiaotong University，Shanghai 200030）