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差速貼壁法體外分離培養(yǎng)小型豬脂肪間質(zhì)干細(xì)胞的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究

2016-11-18 07:11焦國(guó)華高洪麗吳贄張志光
關(guān)鍵詞:傳代貼壁干細(xì)胞

焦國(guó)華高洪麗吳贄張志光

·論著·

差速貼壁法體外分離培養(yǎng)小型豬脂肪間質(zhì)干細(xì)胞的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究

焦國(guó)華1高洪麗2吳贄1張志光3

目的 探討差速貼壁法對(duì)小型豬脂肪間質(zhì)干細(xì)胞(ADSC)提取和純化的可行性。方法 從兩成軟骨10月齡的中國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)用I系小型豬皮下脂肪組織獲取ADSC,培養(yǎng)4 ~ 6 h倒置顯微鏡下觀察,見少量細(xì)胞貼壁,立刻將含有未貼壁細(xì)胞的培養(yǎng)基接種到新培養(yǎng)瓶?jī)?nèi)繼續(xù)培養(yǎng),傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法不換培養(yǎng)瓶,以后均每3 d換液1次。完全培養(yǎng)基傳至第3代MTT法繪制生長(zhǎng)曲線,并測(cè)定兩種培養(yǎng)法獲得的細(xì)胞不同代數(shù)的貼壁時(shí)間;誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)基向脂肪細(xì)胞、成骨細(xì)胞、成軟骨細(xì)胞誘導(dǎo)并鑒定。貼壁時(shí)間、表面抗原陽(yáng)性率、分化誘導(dǎo)染色陽(yáng)性率實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)比較采用單因素方差分析及t檢驗(yàn)。結(jié)果 采用差速貼壁培養(yǎng)法可分離培養(yǎng)出小型豬ADSC,并可除去部分貼壁的成纖維細(xì)胞、上皮細(xì)胞和脂滴,傳代后培養(yǎng)瓶中脂滴明顯減少;差速貼壁培養(yǎng)法獲得的ADSC在貼壁時(shí)間方面較傳統(tǒng)方法獲得的ADSC短,前者傳代后的貼壁時(shí)間(3.5±0.2)h較后者(5.8 ±0.3)h短,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t = 12.55,P = 0.01);兩種方法獲得的ADSC中CD34陽(yáng)性率:差速法為(1.17±0.01)﹪,傳統(tǒng)法為(0.99±0.03)﹪;CD44陽(yáng)性率:差速法為(88.90±0.03)﹪,傳統(tǒng)法為(89.23±0.10)﹪;CD106陽(yáng)性率:差速法為(1.18±0.05)﹪,傳統(tǒng)法為(1.56±0.06)﹪;差異均統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t = 0.12,1.23,0.37,P = 0.06,0.07,0.06)。油紅O、蘇丹黑B、Von kossa、茜素紅、阿爾新藍(lán)、II型膠原染色結(jié)果表明差速貼壁法獲得的ADSC可分化為脂肪細(xì)胞、成骨細(xì)胞和成軟骨細(xì)胞,且陽(yáng)性染色率分別為(78±2)﹪、(82±6)﹪、(85±1)﹪、(83±3)﹪、(76±9)﹪、(74±1)﹪,較傳統(tǒng)法的(68±1)﹪、(69±2)﹪、(73±0)﹪、(75±1)﹪、(69±3)﹪、(65±4)﹪高,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t = 5.21,12.56,16.27,10.33,17.01,23.97;P = 0.02,0.03,0.01,0.01,0.00,0.00)。結(jié)論 采用差速貼壁培養(yǎng)法可從小型豬皮下脂肪組織可以分離培養(yǎng)出ADSC,從細(xì)胞形態(tài)學(xué)、生物學(xué)特性及多向分化能力等方面都較傳統(tǒng)法獲得的ADSC具有優(yōu)勢(shì)。

脂肪細(xì)胞; 間質(zhì)干細(xì)胞; 成骨細(xì)胞; 軟骨細(xì)胞; 細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)技術(shù)

傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為新分離培養(yǎng)的干細(xì)胞(48 h之內(nèi))在沒(méi)有貼壁時(shí)不能搬動(dòng)培養(yǎng)瓶,以免影響細(xì)胞貼壁及貼壁的穩(wěn)定性,然而差速貼壁培養(yǎng)法卻可應(yīng)用于表皮干細(xì)胞的分選[1-2]。脂肪組織消化后的細(xì)胞群中包括多種不同的細(xì)胞和雜質(zhì),本研究嘗試通過(guò)差速貼壁培養(yǎng)法可對(duì)其進(jìn)行純化培養(yǎng),檢測(cè)獲得的脂肪間質(zhì)干細(xì)胞(adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell,ADSC)在純度和生物學(xué)特征方面是否優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法獲得的ADSC,為組織工程種子細(xì)胞純化方法的改善奠定基礎(chǔ)。

材料與方法

一、主要試劑和材料

試劑:高糖DMEM培養(yǎng)基購(gòu)自美國(guó)Gibco公司;胎牛血清購(gòu)自美國(guó)Hyclone公司;胰蛋白酶、胰島素、吲哚美辛、IBMX等購(gòu)自美國(guó)Sigma公司。

材料:2 ~ 10月齡中國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)用I系小型豬,體重為5 ~ 15 kg,購(gòu)自中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)用小型豬養(yǎng)殖中心。儀器:Shellab2323-2 CO2培養(yǎng)箱(美國(guó));Axiovert 40倒置顯微鏡、超凈工作臺(tái)等均為德國(guó)生產(chǎn)。

二、方法

1. ADSC的原代培養(yǎng):2 ~ 10月齡中國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)用I系小型豬頸部或背部切取皮下脂肪組織約10 g,PBS沖洗3 ~ 5遍,去除肉眼可見的血管、血細(xì)胞和纖維組織;用眼科剪將脂肪組織剪為約1 mm3方塊,PBS懸浮,-300×g速度下離心5 min,去除PBS,0.075﹪ I型膠原酶適量37℃消化45 min,并間斷振動(dòng),離心后去最上層的脂滴層和上層脂肪層以及中層清亮液體,以除去懸浮的脂肪細(xì)胞、組織液和脂滴等,加入PBS沖洗懸置并同前方法離心,重復(fù)2次?;A(chǔ)培養(yǎng)基3ml懸置下層細(xì)胞血管碎片,接種于24孔板,置于37℃、5﹪CO2、飽和濕度的孵育箱內(nèi)進(jìn)行培養(yǎng)。于培養(yǎng)的第2、4、6、8、12、24 h觀察,并將未貼壁細(xì)胞及培養(yǎng)基一起移入新培養(yǎng)瓶,培養(yǎng)3 d,首次更換培養(yǎng)液以除去未貼壁細(xì)胞和殘余碎塊組織,以后每3 d更換培養(yǎng)液1次,繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)5 ~ 7 d,細(xì)胞匯合之后稱為“原代細(xì)胞”。其中4、6 h為實(shí)驗(yàn)組,其余為對(duì)照組,傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法組接種后不搬動(dòng)培養(yǎng)瓶,第72 h更換培養(yǎng)液。

2. ADSC傳代后貼壁時(shí)間的測(cè)定及生長(zhǎng)曲線的繪制:兩種方法獲得的ADSC消化后的每代細(xì)胞調(diào)整至4.8×103個(gè)細(xì)胞,接種于48孔培養(yǎng)板內(nèi)常規(guī)培養(yǎng),每孔約100個(gè)。第2、3、4 、5、6、7、8、12 h倒置顯微鏡下觀察,計(jì)數(shù)4倍物鏡下每孔內(nèi)貼壁細(xì)胞數(shù)量,每孔重復(fù)2次,取平均值,80﹪~ 90﹪細(xì)胞貼壁為貼壁時(shí)間,以時(shí)間h為橫坐標(biāo),細(xì)胞貼壁率為縱坐標(biāo)作圖,同時(shí)MTT法繪制細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)曲線。細(xì)胞貼壁率(﹪)=(細(xì)胞貼壁數(shù)/接種細(xì)胞數(shù))×100﹪。所有實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。

3.表面抗原的測(cè)定:取培養(yǎng)的第3 ~ 5代細(xì)胞,棄去培養(yǎng)液,無(wú)菌PBS沖洗3遍。加入0.25﹪胰蛋白酶+ 0.02﹪EDTA消化細(xì)胞,并用血清終止消化,離心后PBS清洗2次,收集細(xì)胞,PBS懸浮,以3× 105的細(xì)胞量分別與豬抗豬CD34、CD44、CD106單克隆抗體在室溫下反應(yīng)30 min,并于4℃過(guò)夜。PBS洗滌2次,再與鼠抗豬二抗避光反應(yīng)15 min,流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)分析。所有實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。

4.多向分化潛能的測(cè)定:培養(yǎng)的ADSC消化計(jì)數(shù),調(diào)整濃度為1×105個(gè)細(xì)胞/ml,接種到6孔培養(yǎng)板?;A(chǔ)培養(yǎng)基中培養(yǎng)1 d后實(shí)驗(yàn)組更換為誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)基(向脂肪細(xì)胞、成骨細(xì)胞和成軟骨細(xì)胞誘導(dǎo)),對(duì)照組仍為基礎(chǔ)培養(yǎng)基,培養(yǎng)條件同前,每3 d換液1次。誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)的第2、7、14 d,倒置顯微鏡下觀察細(xì)胞形態(tài),并于培養(yǎng)的第21 d鑒定誘導(dǎo)情況。所有實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。

三、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析方法

應(yīng)用SPSS13.0軟件對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析。貼壁時(shí)間、表面抗原陽(yáng)性率、分化誘導(dǎo)染色陽(yáng)性率實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)以± s表示,比較采用單因素方差分析及獨(dú)立t檢驗(yàn)。以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

結(jié) 果

一、原代細(xì)胞的形態(tài)學(xué)觀察

兩種方法獲得的ADSC在形態(tài)學(xué)和細(xì)胞數(shù)量方面有細(xì)微差別,結(jié)果以4 h和6 h換培養(yǎng)瓶組細(xì)胞形態(tài)較好,細(xì)胞剛貼壁時(shí)呈圓球形,2 ~ 3d細(xì)胞開始生長(zhǎng),形態(tài)單一,呈長(zhǎng)梭形;8、12和24 h組細(xì)胞數(shù)量較少,而2 h組和傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法細(xì)胞數(shù)量較多,形態(tài)多樣化,可見少量多角形細(xì)胞,其余差速貼壁法組細(xì)胞數(shù)量較少,各組細(xì)胞均呈成纖維細(xì)胞樣生長(zhǎng);培養(yǎng)7 ~ 10 d左右可局部生長(zhǎng)至80﹪匯合,呈集落樣生長(zhǎng),原代傳代后為第一代細(xì)胞,記為P1,細(xì)胞增殖活躍,可見多個(gè)核仁,以后每5 ~ 6 d可傳代1次,可長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定傳代(圖1)。以下步驟均采用4 h組同傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法組相對(duì)比。

圖1 光學(xué)顯微鏡下觀察傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法法和差速貼壁離心法獲得ADSC形態(tài) (×200)

二、貼壁時(shí)間的測(cè)定及生長(zhǎng)曲線的繪制

差速貼壁培養(yǎng)法獲得的ADSC在貼壁時(shí)間方面較傳統(tǒng)方法獲得的ADSC短,前者在傳代后(3.5±0.2)h時(shí)80﹪ ~ 90﹪的細(xì)胞可貼壁,而后者為(5.8±0.3)h,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t = 12.55,P = 0.01,表1)。根據(jù)A492的吸光度值及天數(shù)(d)進(jìn)行兩組細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)曲線比較(表2)。兩組細(xì)胞接種后3 ~ 6 h已有70﹪~ 90﹪的細(xì)胞貼壁,24 h后開始生長(zhǎng),1 ~ 2 d后增殖速度加快。第3天開始,細(xì)胞數(shù)量明顯增多,5 ~ 6 d左右80﹪~ 90﹪匯合,之后細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)速度減慢。細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)曲線圖表明兩種方法獲得的ADSC在傳代后均經(jīng)歷潛伏期、對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期和平臺(tái)期。

三、表面抗原的測(cè)定

流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示:兩種方法獲得的ADSC純度都較高;CD34陽(yáng)性率:差速法為(1.17±0.01)﹪,傳統(tǒng)法為(0.99±0.03)﹪;CD44陽(yáng)性率:差速法為(88.90±0.03)﹪,傳統(tǒng)法為(89.23±0.10)﹪;CD106陽(yáng)性率:差速法為(1.18±0.05)﹪,傳統(tǒng)法為(1.56±0.06)﹪;差異均統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t = 0.12,1.23,0.37,P = 0.06,0.07,0.06)。(表3,圖2)。

表1 差速貼壁法及傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法獲得的ADSC的貼壁時(shí)間的比較(﹪,± s)

表1 差速貼壁法及傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法獲得的ADSC的貼壁時(shí)間的比較(﹪,± s)

2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h7 h8 h12 h傳統(tǒng)法2.13±0.3813.86±0.2772.63±0.9283.55±0.4390.10±0.1096.27±0.9297.37±0.0497.15±0.81差速法3.10±0.5021.69±0.2486.52±0.0492.97±0.3195.32±0.5298.31±0.8897.45±0.7697.50±0.15 t 值 11.5210.3817.6815.7313.232.671.891.63 P值 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.010.090.080.09

表2 差速貼壁法及傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法獲得的ADSC的A492吸光度值(生長(zhǎng)曲線)比較(﹪± s)

表2 差速貼壁法及傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法獲得的ADSC的A492吸光度值(生長(zhǎng)曲線)比較(﹪± s)

1 d2 d3 d5 d7 d9 d11 d13 d傳統(tǒng)法9.10±0.278.15±0.8320.07±0.8346.17±0.0963.23±0.8470.17±0.3759.03±0.8758.15±0.23差速法9.12±0.488.07±0.5320.23±0.2246.1±0.0363.13±0.1170.25±0.2259.13±0.3758.2±0.77空白組4.16±0.144.05±0.844.05±0.424.17±0.884.06±0.464.02±0.174.16±0.124.03±0.18 F值11.0317.7219.6020.5025.7827.6129.9028.05 P值 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

表3 細(xì)胞表面抗原陽(yáng)性率的檢測(cè)結(jié)果(﹪± s)

表3 細(xì)胞表面抗原陽(yáng)性率的檢測(cè)結(jié)果(﹪± s)

CD34CD44CD106傳統(tǒng)法0.99±0.0389.23±0.101.56±0.06差速法1.17±0.0188.90±0.031.18±0.05 t 值0.121.230.37 P值0.060.070.06

四、分化誘導(dǎo)觀察及鑒定

差速貼壁培養(yǎng)法獲得的ADSC加入成脂誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)基后,細(xì)胞的形態(tài)于第3 ~ 5 d可發(fā)生變化,由長(zhǎng)梭形變?yōu)槎嘟切紊踔翀A球形,誘導(dǎo)第7 d倒置顯微鏡下即可發(fā)現(xiàn)胞質(zhì)內(nèi)有圓球狀半透明的脂滴形成,并隨培養(yǎng)時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而增加。成脂誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)基培養(yǎng)14 d后,油紅O及蘇丹黑B染色均呈陽(yáng)性,脂滴可分布于胞質(zhì)內(nèi),也可分布于胞質(zhì)外,油紅O染色脂滴為紅色,蘇丹黑B染色為黑色(圖3)。加入成骨誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)基后,細(xì)胞的形態(tài)于第3 ~ 5 d由長(zhǎng)梭形變?yōu)槎嘟切位虿灰?guī)則形,并且有集聚生長(zhǎng)的傾向;誘導(dǎo)的第7天倒置顯微鏡下即可發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)胞聚集形成鈣化結(jié)節(jié),并隨著培養(yǎng)時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而增加;成骨誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)14 d后,Von kossa、茜素紅染色均呈陽(yáng)性(圖4);ALP活性檢測(cè)結(jié)果表明:誘導(dǎo)后第7天后的ALP較正常對(duì)照組有明顯的升高,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,而且ALP的表達(dá)在第10天的時(shí)候達(dá)到最高水平,隨后出現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì)(圖5),基本同傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法。加入成軟骨誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)基后,細(xì)胞的形態(tài)于第3 ~ 5天由長(zhǎng)梭形變?yōu)槎嘟切?;成軟骨誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)14 d后,阿爾新藍(lán)和II型膠原染色均呈陽(yáng)性,阿爾新藍(lán)染色呈淡藍(lán)色,II型膠原染色呈棕黃色(圖6);相關(guān)指標(biāo)檢測(cè)的陽(yáng)性率見表4。

圖2 流式細(xì)胞儀對(duì)細(xì)胞表面抗原的檢測(cè)結(jié)果

討 論

大部分文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道ADSC的分離方法主要為I型膠原酶消化法[3]。值得注意的是,膠原酶消化法離心得到的細(xì)胞是一個(gè)異質(zhì)的細(xì)胞群。有研究用間接免疫熒光的方法研究了SVF的組成后發(fā)現(xiàn),該細(xì)胞群主要是由中胚層起源的間充質(zhì)細(xì)胞、脂肪前體細(xì)胞和少量的成纖維細(xì)胞、內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞、平滑肌細(xì)胞以及微小血管、血細(xì)胞等組成,但ADSC占大部分[4-5]。也有研究通過(guò)抗VIII因子抗體、抗平滑肌抗體和抗ASO2抗體對(duì)從脂肪組織提取的細(xì)胞成分進(jìn)行內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞、平滑肌細(xì)胞和基質(zhì)細(xì)胞的鑒定,證明其組成成分主要是基質(zhì)細(xì)胞,含有少量的內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞、平滑肌細(xì)胞和前脂肪細(xì)胞[6]。研究認(rèn)為在第1代ADSC中沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)衰老細(xì)胞的存在,前10代內(nèi)僅有低于5﹪的衰老率,到第15代的時(shí)候其衰老率也低于15﹪,證明ADSC在體外具有很強(qiáng)的增殖能力和很低的衰老率。一般經(jīng)過(guò)I型膠原酶消化之后,需采用RBC裂解液KRB(Krebs-Ringer-Bicarboneate)或NH4Cl破壞RBC,然而裂解液不僅能夠破壞RBC,同時(shí)也會(huì)對(duì)ADSC造成一定的損傷[7];本實(shí)驗(yàn)利用RBC不能貼壁的特性,采用換液的方法去除RBC,獲得了較好的效果。經(jīng)過(guò)兩次換液以后RBC基本消失,而且沒(méi)有細(xì)胞裂解液對(duì)干細(xì)胞的損傷,同時(shí)獲得了較高濃度的ADSC,更有利于干細(xì)胞的獲取和培養(yǎng)。然而混雜在ADSC中的各種雜質(zhì)細(xì)胞是否有必要完全除盡是一個(gè)有待進(jìn)一步研究的問(wèn)題。組織工程體外細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)的最終目的是將細(xì)胞回輸?shù)襟w內(nèi)充填、形成機(jī)體的組織缺損,而機(jī)體的任何一個(gè)組織或器官都是由多種不同種類的細(xì)胞組成的。另外的研究將混雜細(xì)胞群接種于培養(yǎng)基培養(yǎng)后其他雜質(zhì)細(xì)胞慢慢變少、消失,2 ~ 3代之后上皮細(xì)胞的表面標(biāo)志就不再表達(dá),ADSC就成為優(yōu)勢(shì)細(xì)胞[8-9]。迄今為止,所有關(guān)于組織工程中ADSC研究的報(bào)道,雖然都沒(méi)有提及ADSC的純化及植入體內(nèi)時(shí)細(xì)胞的純度問(wèn)題,但也都取得了較為令人滿意的結(jié)果[10-12]。普遍認(rèn)為,關(guān)于是否將ADSC純化之后植入體內(nèi)是否能夠得到更好的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,有待于進(jìn)一步研究[13-15]。

表4 兩種方法獲得的ADSC相關(guān)檢測(cè)及比例的比較

圖3 差速貼壁法誘導(dǎo)ADSC成脂誘導(dǎo)的觀察

圖4 差速貼壁法誘導(dǎo)ADSC成骨誘導(dǎo)的觀察

圖5 傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法法和差速貼壁離心法獲得的ADSC成骨誘導(dǎo)中ALP活性檢測(cè)情況

圖6 光學(xué)顯微鏡下觀察差速貼壁法誘導(dǎo)ADSC成軟骨 (× 200)

貼壁生長(zhǎng)型細(xì)胞的貼壁時(shí)間是反映細(xì)胞活性的重要指標(biāo),細(xì)胞貼壁時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),貼壁率下降,表明細(xì)胞的活性下降。動(dòng)物皮下脂肪組織中通過(guò)I型膠原酶消化法分離獲得的細(xì)胞群中包含有少量的成纖維細(xì)胞和更少量的成熟脂肪細(xì)胞,與ADSC相比,成纖維細(xì)胞具有很強(qiáng)的貼壁能力,貼壁迅速,在普通玻璃培養(yǎng)瓶中也能很好的貼壁生長(zhǎng),大部分成纖維細(xì)胞和脂肪細(xì)胞以及脂滴在0.5 ~ 3 h內(nèi)即可完成貼壁過(guò)程[16-19]。利用這一點(diǎn),本研究采用差速貼壁培養(yǎng)法對(duì)小型豬的ADSC進(jìn)行純化和培養(yǎng)。本研究結(jié)果2 h組和傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法組細(xì)胞數(shù)量較多,考慮原因?yàn)? h時(shí)培養(yǎng)瓶中尚沒(méi)有細(xì)胞貼壁,所有細(xì)胞全部轉(zhuǎn)移入新的培養(yǎng)瓶,同傳統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)法獲得的細(xì)胞數(shù)量基本沒(méi)有差別;而8 h、12 h和24 h組細(xì)胞數(shù)量較少,因?yàn)閾Q培養(yǎng)瓶時(shí)不僅去除了已經(jīng)貼壁的成纖維細(xì)胞,也去除了部分貼壁的ADSC,因此獲得的ADSC數(shù)量較少。本實(shí)驗(yàn)在培養(yǎng)的第4小時(shí)將未貼壁細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移至新的培養(yǎng)瓶?jī)?nèi),除去了已經(jīng)貼壁的成纖維細(xì)胞和部分脂滴,通過(guò)貼壁時(shí)間測(cè)定結(jié)果證明小型豬ADSC貼壁時(shí)間大約為4 ~ 24 h,此培養(yǎng)法既能提高ADSC的純度,又可以保證ADSC具有較高傳代生長(zhǎng)活性的分離時(shí)間,為小型豬作為獲取ADSC模型及ADSC的純化方法提供依據(jù)。

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8 Choi HS, Kim WT, Kim H, et al. Identification and characterization of adenovirus early region 1B-associated protein 5 as a surface marker on undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells[J]. Stem Cells Dev, 2011,20(4):609-620.

9 Kim H, Choi HS, Kim CH, et al. Detection and characterization of 2-E2-specific surface protein in human pluripotent stem cells[J]. Hybridoma (Larchmt), 2011, 30(4):401-404.

10 Mineda K, Feng J, Ishimine H, et al. Therapeutic potential of human Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal cell microspheroids prepared by Three-Dimensional culture in Non-Cross-Linked hyaluronic acid gel[J]. Stem Cells Transl Med, 2015, 4(12):1511-1522.

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12 Yuan J, Li W, Huang J, et al. Transplantation of human adipose stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells with restricted localization to liver using acellular amniotic membrane[J]. Stem Cell Res Ther, 2015, 6:217. 13 Jeon GS, Im W, Shim YM, et al. Neuroprotective effect of human adipose stem Cell-Derived extract in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis[J]. Neurochem Res, 2015.

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19 周麗娜,崔曉軍,蘇開鑫,等.成年大鼠骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞復(fù)合組織工程人工神經(jīng)修復(fù)1cm坐骨神經(jīng)缺損[J].器官移植, 2015,03:157-161,168.

Cultivation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells by differential adhesion

Jiao Guohua1,Gao Hongli2, Wu Zhi1, Zhang Zhiguang3.1Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Bao'an District Songgang People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518105, China;2Department of clinical laboratory, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518172, China;3Zhongshan University Guanghua School of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of oral medicine of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510055, China

Zhang Zhiguang, Email: drzhangzg@163.com

Objective To investigate the method of purification of adipose-derived stem cell(ADSC)in vitro and to discuss whether the method of differential adhesion have more advantages than the conventional one in harvesting ratio and purification. Methods About 10 g subcutaneous fatty tissue was obtained from the cervical part or back of the type I Chinese experimental minipig, then the substance was cultivated on the underlayer after the step of enzymatic digestion by collagenase type I for 4 hours, change a new culture flask when observed some adherentcells under the inverted microscope. The conventional one does not deal with this step. Change the medium 3 days a time. Change the complete medium with inductive medium(induce into adipocyte and osteoblast)for 2 ~ 4 weeks after the cells passage to 3, then the efficiency of differentiation was assessed. Simultaneously, draw a growth curve by the method of MTT. The experimental data were compared with one factor analysis of variance and t test. Results The ADSC can be obtained successfully from the fatty tissue of minipig by the method of differential adhesion and the observation by microscope and growth curve by MTT indicated that the cell morphology and bionomics of ADSC which were obtained by differential adhesion are superior to those of conventional one. Differential velocity adherent culture method to obtain the ADSC in adherent time aspects compared with the traditional method to obtain the ADSC is shorter, after the former passage affixed to the wall time(3.5± 0.2)h shorter than the latter(5.8 ± 0.3)h, the difference has statistical significance(t =12.55, P = 0.01). Two methods to obtain the ADSC in CD34 positive rate of differential speed method for(1.17 ± 0.01)﹪,the traditional method for(0.99 ± 0.03)﹪; CD44 positive rate of differential speed method for(889 ± 0.03)﹪, the traditional method for(89.23 ± 0.10)﹪; CD106 positive rate of differential speed method for(1.18 ± 0.05)﹪, the traditional method for(1.56 ± 0.06)﹪; there were no significantly differences statistically significance(t = 0.12, 1.23, 0.37, P = 0.06, 0.07, 0.06). Oil red O, Sudan black B, von Kossa, alizarin red, alcian blue and collagen II staining results suggest differential velocity adherent methods ADSC can differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondroblasts. Positive staining rate respectively(78 ± 2)﹪,(82 ± 6)﹪,(85 ± 1)﹪,83. 3﹪,76. 9﹪,(74 ± 1)﹪, compared with the traditional method(68 ± 1)﹪,(69 ± 2)﹪,(73 ± 0)﹪,(75 ± 1)﹪,(69 ± 3)﹪,(65 ± 4)﹪ higher, the difference is statistically significant(t = 5.21, 12.56, 16.27, 10.33, 17.01, 23.97; P = 0.02, 0.03, 0.01, 0.01, 0.00, 0.00). Conclusion We can derive ADSC, which still can differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondroblasts, from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the minipig by the method of differential adhesion, and it may be a perfect method to obtain ADSC.

Adipocyte; Mesenchymal stem cells; Osteoblast; Cell culture techniques

2016-03-22)

(本文編輯:蔡曉珍)

10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-1221.2016.03.005

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(81302550);廣東省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014A020212390);廣東省自然科學(xué)基金(2015A030311039)

518105 深圳市寶安區(qū)松崗人民醫(yī)院口腔科1;518172 深圳市龍崗區(qū)人民醫(yī)院檢驗(yàn)科2;510055廣州,中山大學(xué)光華口腔醫(yī)學(xué)院 廣東省口腔醫(yī)學(xué)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室3

張志光,Email:drzhangzg@163.com

焦國(guó)華, 高洪麗, 吳贄, 等. 差速貼壁法體外分離培養(yǎng)小型豬脂肪間質(zhì)干細(xì)胞的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J/CD].中華細(xì)胞與干細(xì)胞雜志:電子版, 2016, 6(3):160-166.

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