尹鎮(zhèn)釗 張秀薇 陳偉坤 葉惠成 禤文婷(東莞市人民醫(yī)院,廣東東莞523000)
甲基強的松龍治療糖尿病合并慢阻肺后血糖動態(tài)變化及對胰島素方案的影響
尹鎮(zhèn)釗 張秀薇 陳偉坤 葉惠成 禤文婷
(東莞市人民醫(yī)院,廣東東莞523000)
目的對糖尿病患者合并慢阻肺應(yīng)用甲基強的松龍治療其胰島素使用進行方案調(diào)整,并觀察血糖動態(tài)的變化。方法將我院2014年1月至2015年1月接收的慢阻肺患者180例作為研究對象,按數(shù)字表法將其分為3組,每組60例,其中A組患者為慢阻肺合并糖尿病應(yīng)用甲基強的松龍治療,B組為慢阻肺合并糖尿病未應(yīng)用甲基強的松龍治療,C組為慢阻肺不合并糖尿病應(yīng)用甲基強的松龍治療,監(jiān)測三組患者平均血糖水平、血糖水平>10 mmol/L時間百分比、餐后血糖水平>11.1 mmol/L血糖曲線下面積、餐后血糖波動幅度、餐后血糖峰值以及平均血糖波動幅度等,分析患者使用甲基強的松龍前后的胰島素劑量改變。結(jié)果A組患者血糖峰值≥11.1 mmol/L的曲線下面積與B組、C組比較明顯較高,血糖峰值≥11.1 mmol/L例數(shù)與B組、C組比較明顯較多,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05),A組24 h平均血糖水平高于B組、C組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05);A組患者平均血糖幅度明顯高于B組與C組,其早餐血糖幅度與C組差異顯著,與B組無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(P>0.05),午餐與晚餐血糖幅度與B組、C組差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論糖尿病合并慢阻肺患者使用甲基強的松龍治療,可延遲血糖達峰時間,血糖水平控制應(yīng)增加胰島素應(yīng)用劑量。
糖尿??;慢阻肺;甲基強的松龍;動態(tài)血糖;胰島素方案
在臨床中糖皮質(zhì)激素多在免疫系統(tǒng)疾病以及炎癥反應(yīng)性疾病的治療中被應(yīng)用,如腎小球腎炎、慢性阻塞性肺炎、哮喘以及系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡等,但糖皮質(zhì)激素的應(yīng)用也會造成一系列不良反應(yīng)的發(fā)生,如高血糖等[1]。臨床中對糖尿病患者糖皮質(zhì)激素應(yīng)用常存在較多的顧慮;本研究中,筆者應(yīng)用動態(tài)血糖監(jiān)測儀對糖尿病合并慢阻肺接收甲基強的松龍治療與未接受甲基強的松龍患者的動態(tài)血糖進行監(jiān)測,以及對胰島素方案調(diào)整進行分析研究,取得較好效果,現(xiàn)報告如下。
1.1 一般資料:將我院2014年1月至2015年1月接收的慢阻肺180例患者作為研究對象,按數(shù)字表法分為三組,每組60例;A組男31例,女29例,年齡40~68歲,平均年齡(52.55±1.26)歲;B組男28例,女32例,年齡42~69歲,平均年齡(52.45±1.21)歲;C組男29例,女31例,年齡40~67歲,平均年齡(52.52±1.22)歲,三組患者基線資料無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異,具有可比性(P>0.05),詳情見表1。
1.2 方法:三組患者7%≤糖化血紅蛋白(HbA1c)≤10%,空腹血糖均≤8 mmol/L,餐后2 h血糖≤10 mmol/L;甲基強的松龍治療方法:A組患者每日給予40 mg甲基強的松龍靜滴,1次/d,早晨8點給藥,1周為1療程[2]。A組患者使用甲基強的松龍治療前有25人使用了預(yù)混胰島素長效,皮下注射對血糖進行控制,在入院后血糖控制換為胰島素泵實施連續(xù)皮下泵入門冬胰島素,胰島素每日應(yīng)用總量與入院前一致。15例控制血糖采用口服降糖藥進行,使用甲基強的松龍治療后胰島素與口服用藥劑量均未做調(diào)整[3-4]。
表1 各組間臨床資料比較(s)
表1 各組間臨床資料比較(s)
分組男/女(n)身高(m)體重(kg)平均年齡(歲)BMI指數(shù)A組31/291.65±0.0668.21±7.5252.55±1.2624.32±1.21 B組28/321.64±0.0768.25±7.3652.45±1.2124.31±1.22 C組29/311.62±0.0668.22±7.3552.44±1.2324.30±1.20
1.3 動態(tài)血糖監(jiān)測:應(yīng)用CGMS對兩組患者血糖進行連續(xù)監(jiān)測,A組平均監(jiān)測時間為(142.2±8.5)h,B組平均監(jiān)測時間(72.61±3.25)h。血糖監(jiān)測時,患者運動與飲食習(xí)慣需固定,不可誤餐或者加餐。全部患者均佩戴CGMS探頭,每日8點給予40mg/d甲基強的松龍靜脈滴注,觀察組在72h后換CGMS探頭。觀察組患者按動態(tài)血糖第一天的結(jié)果對胰島素劑量給予調(diào)整,一周后停止甲基強的松龍應(yīng)用,繼續(xù)對動態(tài)血糖進行監(jiān)測[5-6]。
1.4 統(tǒng)計學(xué)處理:本研究采用SPSS 17.0統(tǒng)計軟件處理,計量資料采用方差分析,計數(shù)資料采用χ2檢驗,P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。
2.1 三組患者慢阻肺病情比較情況:三組患者慢阻肺病情分級無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(P>0.05),詳見表2。
2.2 三組患者血糖幅度比較:A組患者平均血糖幅度明顯高于B組與C組,其早餐血糖幅度與C組差異顯著,與B組無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(P>0.05),午餐與晚餐血糖幅度與B組、C組差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05),詳見表3。
表2 三組患者慢阻肺病情比較情況(s)
表2 三組患者慢阻肺病情比較情況(s)
分組例數(shù)白細胞計數(shù)C反應(yīng)蛋白氧分壓二氧化碳分壓FEV1FEV1/FVC(×109/L)(mg/L)(mmHg)(mmHg)(%)(%)A組609.77±1.6821.01±8.6272.86±8.0246.25±6.2172.79±5.6859.75±4.52 B組609.02±2.0125.61±8.2074.16±8.0347.12±6.2274.26±8.2157.25±4.32 C組609.91±1.8528.01±11.2073.25±8.2045.12±6.7574.21±6.0161.25±4.85
表3 三組患者血糖幅度比較(mmol/L)
2.3 三組患者使用糖皮質(zhì)激素后動態(tài)血糖特點比較:A組患者血糖峰值≥11.1mmol/L的曲線下面積:與B組、C組比較明顯較高,血糖峰值≥11.1mmol/L例數(shù)與B組、C組比較明顯較多,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05),A組24h平均血糖水平高于B組、C組,存在統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05),詳見表4。2.4三組患者血糖峰值情況比較:C組患者餐后血糖的高峰一般在午餐后1 h出現(xiàn),靜脈滴注甲基強的松龍后平均為(5.65±0.52)h,在晚上9點后血糖水平出現(xiàn)降低,夜間整體維持在較低水平。A組患者餐后血糖高峰在晚餐之后1.5 h,在應(yīng)用甲基強的松龍后其胰島素用藥劑量顯著增加,高于未用甲基強的松龍前75%,晚餐與午餐之前應(yīng)用胰島素劑量高于早餐的50%~68%。
表4 三組患者使用糖皮質(zhì)激素后動態(tài)血糖特點比較(s)
表4 三組患者使用糖皮質(zhì)激素后動態(tài)血糖特點比較(s)
注:與B組、C組比較:*P<0.05
分組例數(shù)血糖峰值≥11.1 mmol/L血糖峰值≥11.1 mmol/L的曲線下面積24h平均血糖水平A組60294.06±1.59*11.57±2.85*B組6060.16±0.168.62±1.68 C組60150.21±0.226.72±1.20
糖皮質(zhì)激素作為胰島素反調(diào)節(jié)經(jīng)典激素,對胰島素的降糖效應(yīng)有著拮抗作用,對糖代謝造成干擾,臨床中糖尿病治療應(yīng)用糖皮質(zhì)激素會造成胰島素抵抗加重,機體因糖皮質(zhì)激素造成糖代謝出現(xiàn)紊亂機制[7]。有相關(guān)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)糖皮質(zhì)激素可使機體胰島素功能遭受損傷。糖皮質(zhì)激素大量的釋放可對葡萄糖刺激之后胰島素的釋放產(chǎn)生抑制作用[8-10]。
糖皮質(zhì)激素中甲基強的松龍屬于中效藥,其半衰期為18~36 h,用藥后最強作用時間在4~8h,本研究中,通過對患者進行動態(tài)血糖監(jiān)測發(fā)現(xiàn),A組患者血糖峰值≥11.1 mmol/L的曲線下面積,與B組、C組比較明顯較高,血糖峰值≥11.1 mmol/L例數(shù)與B組、C組比較明顯較多,A組24 h平均血糖水平高于B組、C組。提示可能與少數(shù)患者胰島β細胞的功能嚴重減退,造成餐后胰島素分泌缺陷嚴重相關(guān)。本研究中為探究慢阻肺合并糖尿病患者應(yīng)用甲基強的松龍治療后動態(tài)血糖特點與胰島素調(diào)整方案,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)A組患者平均血糖幅度明顯高于B組與C組,其早餐血糖幅度與C組差異顯著,與B組無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異,午餐與晚餐血糖幅度與B組、C組差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。提示應(yīng)用甲基強的松龍治療會使患者平均血糖幅度明顯升高。本研究結(jié)果顯示,慢阻肺未合并糖尿病患者餐后血糖的高峰一般在午餐后1 h出現(xiàn),靜脈滴注甲基強的松龍后平均為(5.65±0.52)h,在晚上9點后血糖水平出現(xiàn)降低,夜間整體維持在較低水平。而合并糖尿病的慢阻肺患者接受甲基強的松龍治療后其餐后血糖高峰在晚餐之后1.5 h,在應(yīng)用甲基強的松龍后其胰島素用藥劑量顯著增加,高于未用甲基強的松龍前75%,晚餐與午餐之前應(yīng)用胰島素劑量高于早餐的50%~68%。
綜上所述,糖尿病合并慢阻肺患者使用甲基強的松龍治療,可延遲血糖達峰時間,血糖水平控制應(yīng)增加胰島素應(yīng)用劑量。
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Dynamic Change in Blood Glucose after Treatment of IMethylprednisolone on Diabetes Combined with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Corresponding Influence on Insulin Solution
Yin ZhenzhaoZhang XiuweiChen WeikunYe HuichengXuan Wenting
(Dongguan City People′s Hospital,Dongguan 523000,China)
ObjectiveTo conduct the solution adjustment on insulin for the treatment of methylprednisolone on patients with diabetes combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),and to observe dynamic changes in the blood glucose. MethodsOne hundred and eighty patients admitted by the Hospital from January,2014 to January,2015 were selected as research subjects,who were divided into three groups with 60 patients in each group according to the digital meter method,the patients with diabetes mellitus combined with COPD in Group A underwent methylprednisolone therapy,patients with COPD combined with diabetes didn’t undergo methylprednisolone therapy,while patients with COPD without combining diabetes mellitus underwent methylprednisolone therapy,average blood glucose level,time percentage of blood glucose level>10mmol L,postprandial blood glucose level>11.1 mmol/L,glucose area under the curve,fluctuation range of postprandial blood sugar,peak value of postprandial glucose and average fluctuation of average blood glucose of patients in three group were analyzed,and the change in insulin dosage of patients before and after the application of methyl prednisolone were analyzed.ResultsThe area under the curve of peak value of blood glucose of patients in Group A satisfying≥11.1mmol/L was significantly higher when compared to that of patients in Group B and Group C,the number of peak value of blood glucose of patients satisfying≥11.1mmol/L were significantly more than those of patients in Group B and Group C and the differences were significant(P<0.05),24 hours-average blood glucose level of patients in Group A were higher than that of patients in Group B and Group C,and it was not statistically significant(P<0.05);Average blood glucose of patients with Group A was obviously higher than that of Group B and Group C,the difference in breakfast blood sugar range of patients in Group A and that of patients in Group C was different,group B,and there was not statistically different when compared to that of patients in Group B(P>0.05),the differences in blood sugar range of patients for lunch and dinner between Group A and Group B and Group C were statistically significant(P<0.05).ConclusionMethylprednisolone therapy applied on patients with diabetics combined with COPD can delay the time to peak of blood glucose,and the application dosage of insulin shall be increased to control the level of blood sugar.
Diabetes;COPD;Methylprednisolone;Dynamic blood glucose;Insulin solution
R587
A學(xué)科分類代碼:32024
1001-8131(2017)02-0109-03
2016-09-13