劉祝 孟祥朝
摘要:目的? 探討甲狀腺手術(shù)中甲狀旁腺顯露及功能保護(hù)的臨床研究。方法? 回顧分析2018年1月~2019年1月在天津第三中心醫(yī)院行甲狀腺切除術(shù)的54例患者臨床資料,術(shù)中充分顯露甲狀旁腺,并保護(hù)顯露的甲狀旁腺和相關(guān)血供,觀察術(shù)后甲狀旁腺的功能狀態(tài)。結(jié)果? 54例患者術(shù)中50例患者甲狀旁腺及血管充分顯露,4例未清晰顯露,未顯露率為7.41%;術(shù)后15例發(fā)生低鈣血癥,發(fā)生率為27.77%。5例發(fā)生甲狀旁腺功能降低,發(fā)生率為9.25%。治療15 d后均恢復(fù)正常,未出現(xiàn)永久低鈣血癥。結(jié)論甲狀旁腺位置與血供聯(lián)系緊密,甲狀腺切除術(shù)中應(yīng)仔細(xì)解剖,并做好原位功能保護(hù),可以有效避免術(shù)后甲狀腺功能異常的發(fā)生,確保良好的手術(shù)效果,具有臨床應(yīng)用的重要價(jià)值。
關(guān)鍵詞:甲狀腺手術(shù);甲狀旁腺;功能保護(hù)
中圖分類號(hào):R653? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.13.029
文章編號(hào):1006-1959(2019)13-0102-02
Abstract:Objective? To investigate the clinical study of parathyroid exposure and functional protection in thyroid surgery.Methods? Retrospective analysis of 54 patients with thyroidectomy in Tianjin Third Central Hospital from January 2018 to January 2019. The parathyroid glands were fully exposed and the exposed parathyroid glands and related blood supply were protected. Functional status of the posterior parathyroid glands.Results? In 54 patients, 50 cases of parathyroid gland and blood vessels were fully exposed, 4 cases were not clearly revealed, and the rate of non-obscuration was 7.41%. In 15 cases, hypocalcemia occurred, the incidence rate was 27.77%. 5 patients developed hypoparathyroidism with an incidence of 9.25%. After 15 d of treatment, they returned to normal and no permanent hypocalcemia occurred.Conclusion? The position of the parathyroid gland is closely related to blood supply. It should be carefully dissected during thyroidectomy and protected by in situ function. It can effectively prevent the occurrence of postoperative thyroid dysfunction and ensure good surgical results. It has important value for clinical application.
Key words:Thyroid surgery;Parathyroid gland;Functional protection
甲狀腺是人體重要的分泌腺體,并且在機(jī)體中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。臨床通常采用手術(shù)治療,具有良好的治療效果,在一定程度上可改善患者的臨床癥狀[1]。但是術(shù)后可能出現(xiàn)一些并發(fā)癥,如甲狀旁腺功能減退、低鈣血癥,導(dǎo)致手術(shù)效果嚴(yán)重的降低,且患者術(shù)后鈣劑及維生素D需要長(zhǎng)期補(bǔ)充,影響患者的正常生活和良好的預(yù)后。因此,有效避免和預(yù)防術(shù)后并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生具有重要的臨床意義。而有效預(yù)防并發(fā)癥發(fā)生的關(guān)鍵是保證甲狀旁腺在術(shù)中的充分顯露,并原位保護(hù),避免甲狀旁腺因顯露和功能保護(hù)原因造成的損害。本研究結(jié)合2018年1月~2019年1月在天津第三中心醫(yī)院行甲狀腺切除術(shù)的54例患者臨床資料,分析甲狀腺手術(shù)中甲狀旁腺顯露及功能保護(hù)措施,現(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料? 回顧分析2018年1月~2019年1月在天津第三中心醫(yī)院行甲狀腺切除術(shù)的54例患者臨床資料。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①術(shù)前均經(jīng)血清、CT確診[2];②術(shù)后均經(jīng)病理證實(shí)。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①甲狀腺手術(shù)史、術(shù)前血清鈣或甲狀旁腺激素值異常者;②精神疾病者;③合并有心、肝、腎等嚴(yán)重系統(tǒng)疾病者。其中男性28例,女性26例;年齡22~65歲,平均年齡(35.11±4.23)歲;其中腺腫23例、腺瘤19例、甲狀腺癌6例、橋本甲狀腺炎4例,甲狀腺功能亢進(jìn)2例;腫瘤直徑1.69~4.36 cm,平均直徑(3.02±0.25)cm;甲狀腺全切術(shù)8例,甲狀腺近全切術(shù)22例,甲狀腺腺葉及峽部切除術(shù)24例。