王瑾 紀(jì)清連 周彤 李瀟簫 劉自民 李穎端
[摘要]?目的?探討胃腸道外間質(zhì)瘤(EGIST)CT及MRI表現(xiàn)特點(diǎn)及其與病理對(duì)照。
方法?收集經(jīng)病理及免疫組化檢查確診為腹部EGIST病人22例,對(duì)病灶CT及MRI平掃、增強(qiáng)掃描圖像及病理特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析。
結(jié)果
EGIST病人22例中,單純CT檢查13例,單純MRI檢查4例,同時(shí)進(jìn)行CT及MRI檢查5例。3例病人多發(fā),其中2例多發(fā)病灶為腹腔種植轉(zhuǎn)移(原發(fā)灶分別位于大網(wǎng)膜、腹膜后),1例為大網(wǎng)膜區(qū)及右側(cè)附件區(qū)各1包塊;19例病人單發(fā),其中發(fā)生在大網(wǎng)膜4例,小網(wǎng)膜2例,腸系膜6例,腹膜后間隙6例,肝左葉1例;包塊最大直徑為2.9~19.4 cm(平均9.8 cm);病灶形態(tài)呈類(lèi)圓形9例,分葉狀13例。大體病理見(jiàn)腫瘤多數(shù)無(wú)真正包膜,切面主要為灰白色,光鏡下由梭形細(xì)胞及上皮細(xì)胞構(gòu)成。18例行CT檢查病例中,密度不均15例,病變內(nèi)見(jiàn)大小不一低密度區(qū),病理上對(duì)應(yīng)囊變、壞死區(qū)域;7例病變CT或MRI顯示鈣化,術(shù)后病理也可見(jiàn)鈣化;CT增強(qiáng)掃描腫瘤實(shí)性成分動(dòng)脈期呈輕度強(qiáng)化,靜脈期多為中度強(qiáng)化,囊變、壞死區(qū)無(wú)明顯強(qiáng)化。MRI掃描信號(hào)多不均,T1WI為等低信號(hào),T2WI呈稍高信號(hào),DWI表現(xiàn)為高信號(hào),增強(qiáng)掃描腫瘤實(shí)性成分呈中度到明顯不均勻強(qiáng)化。
結(jié)論?腹部EGIST的影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)具有一定特征性,CT及MRI檢查可為EGIST臨床診斷提供重要依據(jù)。
[關(guān)鍵詞]?胃腸道外間質(zhì)瘤;體層攝影術(shù),X線計(jì)算機(jī);磁共振成像
[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)]?R730.4
[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼]?A
[文章編號(hào)]??2096-5532(2019)06-0709-05
doi:10.11712/jms201906019
[開(kāi)放科學(xué)(資源服務(wù))標(biāo)識(shí)碼(OSID)]
CT/MRI FINDINGS AND PATHOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF EXTRAGASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOR
WANG Jin, JI Qinglian, ZHOU Tong, LI Xiaoxiao, LIU Zimin, LI Yingduan
(Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China)
[ABSTRACT] Objective To investigate the CT/MRI features and pathological manifestations of extragastrointestinal stromal tumor (EGIST).
Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 22 patients who were diagnosed with abdominal EGIST by pathology and immunocytochemistry, and the features of plain CT/MRI, contrast-enhanced CT/MRI scan, and pathological examination were analyzed.
Results Among the 22 patients with EGIST, 13 underwent CT alone, 4 underwent MRI alone, and 5 underwent both CT and MRI. Of all patients, 3 were found to have multiple masses, among whom 2 patients had the multiple lesions of abdominal implantation metastasis, with the primary tumors located in the greater omentum and the retroperitoneal space, and 1 patient had one mass in the greater omentum and one in the right adnexal area; the other 19 patients had single mass, among whom 4 had the mass in the greater omentum, 2 had the mass in the lesser omentum, 6 had the mass in the mesentery, 6 had the mass in the retroperitoneal space, and 1 had the mass in the left lobe of the liver. The maximum diameter of the mass was 2.9-19.4 cm (mean 9.8 cm), and the shape of the masses was oval in 9 patients and lobular in 13 patients. Gross pathology showed that most tumors had no real capsule, with a grayish-white color of the section, and the tumors were composed of spindle cells and epithelial cells under a microscope. Among the 18 patients who underwent CT, 15 had uneven densities, with different sizes of low-density areas within the lesions, which corresponded to the areas of cystic change and necrosis in pathology; 7 had calcification in the lesions on CT or MRI, which corresponded to calcification in postoperative pathology. Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the solid components of tumors showed mild enhancement in the arterial phase, moderate enhancement in the venous phase, and no enhancement in the areas with cystic change and necrosis. Uneven signals were observed on MRI, with hypointensity on T1WI, slight hyperintensity on T2WI, and hyperintensity on DWI, and contrast-enhanced scan of the solid components of tumors showed moderate or significant heterogeneous enhancement.
Conclusion Abdominal EGIST has characteristic imaging findings, with cystic change and necrosis in most cases. Contrast-enhanced CT/MRI scan mainly shows mild to moderate progressive enhancement. CT and MRI examinations can provide an important basis for the clinical diagnosis of EGIST.
[KEY WORDS] extragastrointestinal stromal tumor; tomography, X-ray computed; magnetic resonance imaging
胃腸道外間質(zhì)瘤(EGIST)為主要發(fā)生在胃腸道外的原發(fā)性間葉源性腫瘤,好發(fā)于腸系膜、網(wǎng)膜、腹膜后及肝臟,其他部位較少見(jiàn)[1-2],其惡性程度普遍偏高,較胃腸道間質(zhì)瘤(GIST)更容易發(fā)生復(fù)發(fā)和轉(zhuǎn)移[3-4]。有研究表明,EGIST發(fā)病率遠(yuǎn)低于GIST,為GIST發(fā)病率的3.0%~6.7%[3]。而多數(shù)學(xué)者對(duì)EGIST僅做個(gè)案報(bào)道。本文收集我院收治經(jīng)手術(shù)病理證實(shí)的EGIST病人22例,分析其CT及MRI特征,以期提高對(duì)其認(rèn)識(shí)和診斷水平。
1?資料與方法
1.1?一般資料
收集2012年2月—2018年9月在我院手術(shù)治療、經(jīng)病理及免疫組化檢查確診為EGIST的病人22例,男11例,女11例;年齡35~71歲,中位年齡60.5歲。臨床表現(xiàn)為腹痛、腹脹、噯氣者14例;無(wú)明顯癥狀者8例。CT及MRI檢查證實(shí)19例單發(fā),3例多發(fā)。實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查無(wú)明顯異常。本組22例病人中,單純CT檢查13例,單純MRI檢查4例,同時(shí)行CT及MRI檢查5例。
1.2?檢查方法
CT檢查采用16或者64排螺旋CT(Siemens SOMATOM Definition, GE Hispeed, GE Bright, GE Optima 670),掃描層厚為5 mm,間距為5 mm;對(duì)比劑應(yīng)用碘普羅胺(優(yōu)維顯,碘濃度為300 g/L),總量80~120 mL,流量3.5 mL/s,應(yīng)用高壓注射器(MEDRAD stellant D-CE)經(jīng)肘靜脈注入體內(nèi),注射對(duì)比劑后動(dòng)脈期延遲30 s、靜脈期延遲70 s、延遲期延遲5 min進(jìn)行掃描。MRI檢查應(yīng)用GE Signa HDx 3.0 T MR掃描儀,采用TORSO線圈,平掃行T1WI、T2WI及擴(kuò)散加權(quán)成像(DWI)序列橫軸位檢查及T2WI冠狀位檢查,需要時(shí)進(jìn)行矢狀位重建,激勵(lì)次數(shù)(NEX)2,間距8 mm,掃描層厚6 mm,增強(qiáng)應(yīng)用T1WI掃描,使用釓噴酸葡胺(Gd-DTPA)作為對(duì)比劑,應(yīng)用高壓注射器(MEDRAD Spectris MR)經(jīng)肘靜脈注入病人體內(nèi),注射劑量為0.2 mmol/kg,流量3 mL/s,動(dòng)脈期延遲20 s、靜脈期延遲1 min、延遲期延遲2.5 min進(jìn)行掃描。
1.3?圖像分析
病人影像資料由兩位高年資影像診斷醫(yī)師盲法共同讀片,意見(jiàn)不同時(shí)協(xié)商得到統(tǒng)一結(jié)果。評(píng)估內(nèi)容包括腫瘤部位、大小、形態(tài)、邊界、CT密度或MRI信號(hào)表現(xiàn)、與周?chē)M織關(guān)系、腫瘤周?chē)?、?qiáng)化方式、轉(zhuǎn)移等。
1.4?病理檢查
由1位高年資病理診斷醫(yī)師觀察分析所有病人腫瘤的光鏡下特點(diǎn)及免疫組化結(jié)果。根據(jù)2010年美國(guó)國(guó)立綜合癌癥網(wǎng)絡(luò)(NCCN)分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[5],依據(jù)腫瘤大小、核分裂象及腫瘤原發(fā)部位將所有病例分為4個(gè)危險(xiǎn)度:極低、低、中等、高危險(xiǎn)度。
2?結(jié)?果
2.1?EGIST部位、大小、形態(tài)
CT及MRI檢查22例中3例多發(fā),其中2例為腹腔種植轉(zhuǎn)移,原發(fā)病灶分別位于大網(wǎng)膜及腹膜后(圖1A~D),1例為大網(wǎng)膜區(qū)及右側(cè)附件區(qū)各1包塊(圖1E~G);19例單發(fā),發(fā)生在大網(wǎng)膜4例,小網(wǎng)膜2例,腸系膜6例,腹膜后間隙6例(圖1K~N),肝左葉1例(圖1O~Q)。本組病人的包塊普遍較大,最小者為2.9 cm×2.6 cm,最大者為19.5 cm×9.7 cm。22例病變中呈類(lèi)圓形9例,分葉狀13例;12例病變邊界清楚,10例與周?chē)Y(jié)構(gòu)分界欠清,部分對(duì)周?chē)M織有侵犯。
2.2?影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)
2.2.1?CT表現(xiàn)?18例病人病灶密度多不均勻,大多可見(jiàn)斑片狀囊變、壞死區(qū)(圖1A~G),4例體積相對(duì)較小者密度較均勻。病灶平掃CT值范圍19.7~43.5 Hu,平均32.5 Hu。出現(xiàn)鈣化7例,其中3例為鈣化點(diǎn)(圖1K~N),4例表現(xiàn)為斑片狀鈣化。3例病灶內(nèi)見(jiàn)高密度出血影。12例病灶內(nèi)部示迂曲血管影(圖1B),2例病灶邊緣見(jiàn)血管影環(huán)繞,即“抱球征”。增強(qiáng)掃描動(dòng)脈期病灶CT值較平掃CT值平均增加約14.5 Hu,靜脈期病灶CT值較平掃CT值平均增加約26.4 Hu,CT增強(qiáng)掃描包塊實(shí)性成分表現(xiàn)為輕~中度漸進(jìn)性不均勻強(qiáng)化,囊變、壞死區(qū)無(wú)明顯強(qiáng)化。
2.2.2?MIR表現(xiàn)?行MRI檢查者9例,均表現(xiàn)為較大的軟組織包塊,主要呈類(lèi)圓形、分葉狀。8例病灶信號(hào)不均勻(圖K~Q),T1WI表現(xiàn)為等低信號(hào),T2WI為稍高信號(hào),其內(nèi)囊變壞死區(qū)域表現(xiàn)為長(zhǎng)T1、長(zhǎng)T2信號(hào),出血區(qū)域表現(xiàn)為短T1、長(zhǎng)T2信號(hào);1例病灶內(nèi)信號(hào)均勻,呈稍長(zhǎng)T1稍長(zhǎng)T2信號(hào)。5例病變行DWI檢查,均表現(xiàn)為高信號(hào)(圖1M)。
8例平掃信號(hào)不均勻的病灶增強(qiáng)掃描實(shí)質(zhì)部分表現(xiàn)為中度至明顯強(qiáng)化,且強(qiáng)化不均,囊變、壞死區(qū)無(wú)明顯強(qiáng)化。1例平掃信號(hào)均勻病灶增強(qiáng)后呈均勻延遲強(qiáng)化。
2.3?病理特點(diǎn)
2.3.1?大體標(biāo)本?手術(shù)所見(jiàn)包塊位置、大小、形狀、周?chē)Y(jié)構(gòu)受侵犯程度、囊實(shí)性成分等與CT及MRI表現(xiàn)基本相符。病灶大體病理表現(xiàn)為類(lèi)圓形、分葉狀包塊,多數(shù)無(wú)真正包膜,切面主要為灰白色,18例包塊出現(xiàn)明顯囊變、壞死,7例病灶內(nèi)出現(xiàn)鈣化。
2.3.2?光鏡所見(jiàn)?組織學(xué)觀察腫瘤主要由梭形細(xì)胞及上皮細(xì)胞構(gòu)成。梭形細(xì)胞以長(zhǎng)梭形細(xì)胞為主,核端空泡多見(jiàn)(圖1H);上皮樣細(xì)胞呈圓形或多邊形,胞質(zhì)常呈嗜酸性。梭形細(xì)胞型15例(68.2%),上皮細(xì)胞型5例(22.7%),混合型2例(9.1%)。危險(xiǎn)度分級(jí):高度危險(xiǎn)度19例(86.4%),中等危險(xiǎn)度2例(9.1%),低危險(xiǎn)度1例(4.5%),未見(jiàn)極低危險(xiǎn)度。部分腫瘤內(nèi)見(jiàn)出血、壞死及囊性變區(qū)域。
2.3.3?免疫組化?CD117陽(yáng)性100.0%(圖1I),CD34陽(yáng)性77.3%,DOG-1陽(yáng)性90.1%,部分標(biāo)本表達(dá)SMA、S-100、Desmin。
A~D為左上腹腔EGIST病人CT圖像,病人,男,70歲。A:CT平掃橫軸位示左上腹腔分葉狀軟組織包塊,實(shí)性部分CT值約33 Hu,邊界欠清,其內(nèi)密度欠均勻;B:增強(qiáng)掃描動(dòng)脈期輕度強(qiáng)化(實(shí)性部分CT值約36 Hu),其內(nèi)見(jiàn)多發(fā)迂曲血管影;C:靜脈期中度強(qiáng)化(實(shí)性部分CT值約52 Hu),呈漸進(jìn)性強(qiáng)化特點(diǎn),其內(nèi)見(jiàn)多發(fā)斑片狀無(wú)強(qiáng)化區(qū);D:大網(wǎng)膜、腸系膜見(jiàn)多發(fā)結(jié)節(jié)狀轉(zhuǎn)移瘤。E~I(xiàn)為右側(cè)附件EGIST病人CT圖像及病理表現(xiàn),病人,女,66歲。E、F:右側(cè)附件區(qū)軟組織包塊,增強(qiáng)掃描呈輕~中度漸進(jìn)性強(qiáng)化,其內(nèi)密度不均勻;G:冠狀位顯示腫瘤與周?chē)c管分界欠清;H:光鏡下見(jiàn)腫瘤細(xì)胞以梭形細(xì)胞為主(白箭頭),可見(jiàn)明顯出血(黑箭頭)及壞死(黑虛線箭頭)(蘇木精-伊紅染色,200倍);I:CD117染色見(jiàn)胞質(zhì)、胞膜彌漫性陽(yáng)性。J~M為左側(cè)腹腔EGIST病人MIR表現(xiàn),病人,男,59歲。J:T1WI示左側(cè)腹腔類(lèi)圓形包塊,呈稍低信號(hào);K:T2WI呈稍高信號(hào),病灶內(nèi)囊變壞死區(qū)顯示清楚、呈更高信號(hào);L:DWI呈不均勻高信號(hào);M:橫軸位CT平掃病灶內(nèi)見(jiàn)斑點(diǎn)狀鈣化灶。N~P為肝左外葉EGIST病人MRI表現(xiàn),病人,女,57歲。N:TIWI橫軸位示肝左外葉分葉狀長(zhǎng)T1信號(hào)影,邊界尚清;O:增強(qiáng)掃描動(dòng)脈期呈明顯不均勻強(qiáng)化;P:冠狀位顯示腫瘤位于肝內(nèi),與周?chē)M織分界清楚。
3?討?論
3.1?EGIST臨床特點(diǎn)
EGIST好發(fā)于中老年人,以50~60歲最常見(jiàn),無(wú)明顯性別差異[2-3]。本組病例平均年齡57.7歲,男女比為1∶1,與文獻(xiàn)相符。關(guān)于EGIST起源,多數(shù)學(xué)者認(rèn)為腸系膜、網(wǎng)膜及腹腔臟器等組織中存在具有多向分化潛能的中胚葉間質(zhì)干細(xì)胞,這些細(xì)胞可向Cajal細(xì)胞等中胚葉細(xì)胞分化[6]。研究顯示,
EGIST較GIST明顯少見(jiàn),惡性程度普遍較GIST高[4,7],考慮原因可能是EGIST本身就是腫瘤偏惡性的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素,胃腸道外組織中的中胚葉間質(zhì)干細(xì)胞可以進(jìn)行惡性分化,同時(shí)腹腔內(nèi)潛在間隙血管較豐富、空間較大。EGIST常發(fā)生在網(wǎng)膜、腸系膜及腹膜后部位,少見(jiàn)于腹腔其他臟器,臨床癥狀常不典型。由于其主要發(fā)生于胃腸道以外,故消化系統(tǒng)癥狀如嘔吐、血便及腸梗阻等罕見(jiàn)。我院2012—2018年診治、經(jīng)病理確診為GIST病人1 108例,其中EGIST病人71例,占6.4%。最終于我院手術(shù)并有較完整影像學(xué)資料者22例,其中危險(xiǎn)度分級(jí)為高度者19例,占比86.4%,符合文獻(xiàn)所述。
3.2?影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)
結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道及本組病例特點(diǎn),總結(jié)EGIST的特點(diǎn)如下。①最常發(fā)生在腸系膜區(qū)域[2],其次為網(wǎng)膜及腹膜后區(qū)域,少見(jiàn)于肝臟、胰腺、腎上腺、前列腺等部位。本組病例95.5%發(fā)生于腸系膜、網(wǎng)膜及腹膜后區(qū)域。②體積普遍較大,考慮可能與腹腔內(nèi)潛在間隙空間較大、血管較豐富有關(guān)。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道70.8%的 EGIST包塊長(zhǎng)徑>10 cm[2,8-9],本組包塊最大徑為2.9~19.5 cm。③分葉狀常見(jiàn),也可呈圓形或類(lèi)圓形,鄰近組織常受壓移位;邊界常較清,考慮與腫瘤膨脹性生長(zhǎng)和少數(shù)病灶有包膜相關(guān)。當(dāng)腫瘤粘連、浸潤(rùn)?quán)徑Y(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),邊界模糊欠清。④病灶內(nèi)囊變、壞死多見(jiàn)[8],為EGIST的特征性改變,本組病人囊性、壞死發(fā)生率為81.8%,少數(shù)可合并出血,與大部分腫瘤危險(xiǎn)性分級(jí)為高度、生長(zhǎng)迅速及瘤體較大相關(guān)。包塊內(nèi)囊變壞死區(qū)域CT表現(xiàn)為低密度區(qū),增強(qiáng)掃描無(wú)強(qiáng)化;MRI表現(xiàn)為長(zhǎng)T1、長(zhǎng)T2信號(hào),T2WI利于顯示微小囊變區(qū)。⑤CT平掃腫瘤內(nèi)多密度不均,部分病灶內(nèi)可見(jiàn)鈣化,邊界多清晰。包塊內(nèi)氣體影少見(jiàn)[8,10],本組包塊內(nèi)均未見(jiàn)氣體影,考慮原因?yàn)椴≡罘窍榔鹪?,通常不與腸腔相通。⑥MRI平掃包塊通常信號(hào)欠均勻,T1WI呈低或等信號(hào),出血表現(xiàn)為高信號(hào);T2WI包塊通常為較高信號(hào),壞死囊變區(qū)顯示為更高信號(hào);DWI包塊呈高信號(hào)。⑦增強(qiáng)掃描包塊實(shí)性成分為輕度至中度漸進(jìn)性強(qiáng)化,壞死囊變區(qū)域無(wú)強(qiáng)化。增強(qiáng)掃描可清晰顯示供血血管,部分腫瘤邊緣環(huán)繞血管,呈“抱球狀”。本組12例病灶內(nèi)見(jiàn)迂曲血管,2例病灶邊緣可見(jiàn)血管包繞呈“抱球狀”。⑧EGIST轉(zhuǎn)移常見(jiàn)于肝臟、肺部,淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移較少見(jiàn)。本組2例腹腔轉(zhuǎn)移,1例并發(fā)腹水,1例侵犯十二指腸及胰腺、間質(zhì)脈管內(nèi)瘤栓形成;2例病灶周?chē)馨徒Y(jié)病理顯示為反應(yīng)性增生。
3.3?病理學(xué)特點(diǎn)
EGIST大體病理表現(xiàn)為邊界清楚的類(lèi)圓形、分葉狀包塊,多數(shù)無(wú)真正包膜,切面主要為灰白色,多數(shù)質(zhì)嫩似魚(yú)肉狀。本組22例病例中,18例包塊內(nèi)可出現(xiàn)明顯囊變、壞死,CT及MRI增強(qiáng)掃描未見(jiàn)明顯強(qiáng)化;7例病灶內(nèi)出現(xiàn)鈣化,CT表現(xiàn)為斑點(diǎn)狀或斑片狀高密度;3例病灶內(nèi)見(jiàn)出血,與CT及MRI表現(xiàn)相符。EGIST與GIST組織學(xué)形態(tài)及免疫組化相似[11],依據(jù)細(xì)胞形態(tài)主要分為3類(lèi):梭形細(xì)胞型、上皮樣細(xì)胞型、混合型[12],免疫組化通常表達(dá)CD117及DOG-1,表現(xiàn)為卡哈爾間質(zhì)細(xì)胞(ICC)分化,大部分病例具有C-kit或PDGFRA基因活化突變[12];CD117及DOG-1陽(yáng)性表達(dá)率接近100%,CD34陽(yáng)性表達(dá)率約80%。本組病人免疫組化結(jié)果與上述文獻(xiàn)結(jié)果一致。
3.4?鑒別診斷
EGIST應(yīng)主要與GIST、神經(jīng)源性腫瘤、淋巴瘤、平滑肌瘤/肉瘤、惡性纖維組織細(xì)胞瘤等鑒別。①GIST:CT或MRI顯示GIST氣體影多見(jiàn),可與胃腸道相通[13-14];EGIST常較大,氣體影少見(jiàn),囊變、壞死多見(jiàn);EGIST惡性程度高,轉(zhuǎn)移概率大;胃腸道黏膜面是否完整同樣為重要鑒別依據(jù)[15-16]。②神經(jīng)源性腫瘤:多為良性,以神經(jīng)鞘瘤最多見(jiàn);CT及MRI通常顯示腫瘤較小、形態(tài)規(guī)則,囊變壞死少見(jiàn),強(qiáng)化較均勻;免疫組化檢查神經(jīng)源性腫瘤不表達(dá)CD117[17]。③淋巴瘤:病變腸壁局限性、不均勻增厚,腸腔擴(kuò)張;腫瘤周?chē)馨徒Y(jié)受累常見(jiàn),而EGIST少有淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移;淋巴瘤環(huán)繞動(dòng)脈構(gòu)成特征性“夾心餅”樣改變[18-19]。④平滑肌肉瘤:惡性程度高,部分腫瘤呈現(xiàn)特征性中心地圖樣壞死,常伴有出血、鈣化及囊變壞死,強(qiáng)化較 EGIST 顯著,有腹膜后血管侵犯傾向[20]。⑤惡性纖維組織細(xì)胞瘤:腹膜后多見(jiàn),常有豐富血供,形態(tài)欠規(guī)整,邊界常較清,其內(nèi)可見(jiàn)出血、壞死及鈣化[21]。
綜上,EGIST臨床發(fā)生率低,臨床癥狀無(wú)明顯特異性,影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)具有一定特征性。病變體積普遍較大,形態(tài)多不規(guī)則,邊界常較清,出血、鈣化少見(jiàn),囊變、壞死多見(jiàn),增強(qiáng)掃描實(shí)性成分呈漸進(jìn)性輕至中度強(qiáng)化。CT、MRI表現(xiàn)基本可反映其大體病理特點(diǎn),有助于EGIST的術(shù)前診斷及鑒別診斷。
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