伍軍, 李相友, 封寶紅, 李菊霜, 朱戈麗, 張艷霞, 畢智敏, 鞏雪敏
微小RNA-22-3p負(fù)性調(diào)控人腹膜間皮細(xì)胞NLRP3的表達(dá)及功能*
伍軍, 李相友△, 封寶紅, 李菊霜, 朱戈麗, 張艷霞, 畢智敏, 鞏雪敏
(武漢大學(xué)附屬同仁醫(yī)院,武漢市第三醫(yī)院腎內(nèi)科,湖北 武漢 430074)
探討微小RNA-22-3p (miR-22-3p)對人腹膜間皮細(xì)胞核苷酸結(jié)合寡聚化結(jié)構(gòu)域樣受體蛋白3(NLRP3)表達(dá)及功能的影響。將基因的3'-非翻譯區(qū)(3'-UTR)序列及其突變體克隆到雙螢光素酶報(bào)告基因載體psiCHECK2中,構(gòu)建野生型及突變型重組雙螢光素酶報(bào)告質(zhì)粒,與miR-22-3p mimic和miR-22-3p inhibitor共轉(zhuǎn)染LPS預(yù)處理的人腹膜間皮細(xì)胞株HMrSV5,檢測螢光素酶活性;HMrSV5細(xì)胞隨機(jī)分為以下6組: miR-22-3p NC+LPS組、miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP組、miR-22-3p mimic+LPS組、miR-22-3p mimic+LPS+ATP組、miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS組和miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS+ATP組。RT-qPCR和Western blot檢測NLRP3 mRNA和蛋白的表達(dá),ELISA檢測白細(xì)胞介素1β (IL-1β)的表達(dá)和caspase-1的活性,Western blot檢測caspase-1 p20蛋白的表達(dá)。NLRP3-3'-UTR野生型與miR-22-3p mimic共轉(zhuǎn)染HMrSV5細(xì)胞后,螢光素酶活性較對照組降低(<0.05);NLRP3-3'-UTR野生型與miR-22-3p inhibitor共轉(zhuǎn)染HMrSV5細(xì)胞后,螢光素酶活性較對照組升高(<0.05)。與miR-22-3p NC+LPS組比較,miR-22-3p mimic+LPS組NLRP3的mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)、IL-1β和caspase-1 p20的水平均下降且caspase-1活性減弱(<0.05),而miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS組NLRP3的mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)、IL-1β和caspase-1 p20的水平均上升且caspase-1的活性增強(qiáng)(<0.05)。與miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP組比較, miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS+ATP組NLRP3的mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)、IL-1β和caspase-1 p20的水平均上升且caspase-1的活性增強(qiáng)(<0.05)。miR-22-3p可負(fù)性調(diào)控人腹膜間皮細(xì)胞NLRP3的表達(dá)及功能。
微小RNA-22-3p;核苷酸結(jié)合寡聚化結(jié)構(gòu)域樣受體蛋白3;人腹膜間皮細(xì)胞;腹膜透析;終末期腎臟病
腹膜透析是終末期腎臟病(end-stage renal disease, ESRD)患者的重要腎臟替代治療方法,具備保護(hù)殘余腎功能、早期生存率優(yōu)勢等優(yōu)點(diǎn)[1-3]。腹膜間皮細(xì)胞是構(gòu)成腹膜的主要細(xì)胞群體之一,其位于腹膜巨噬細(xì)胞和間皮下微血管之間緊密連接的關(guān)鍵部位。然而,在長期高糖腹膜透析液作用下,腹膜間皮細(xì)胞可產(chǎn)生活性氧簇(reactive oxygen species, ROS)、分泌炎癥因子,使細(xì)胞長期處于慢性炎癥狀態(tài),從而啟動(dòng)新生血管形成及腹膜組織纖維化過程[4-5],最終導(dǎo)致腹膜功能障礙,患者不得不退出腹膜透析。因此,及時(shí)減輕或緩解間皮細(xì)胞炎癥反應(yīng)有助于延緩新生血管形成以及腹膜纖維化的到來。核苷酸結(jié)合寡聚化結(jié)構(gòu)域樣受體蛋白3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3, NLRP3)炎癥小體在機(jī)體炎癥和免疫中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用,其可被多種類型的病原微生物或危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)所識(shí)別并激活,促進(jìn)胱天蛋白酶1 (caspase-1)活化,活化的caspase-1切割位于炎癥反應(yīng)上游的白細(xì)胞介素1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)和IL-18前體,產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的成熟細(xì)胞因子,從而啟動(dòng)炎癥反應(yīng)[6]。我們既往的研究證實(shí),高糖腹膜透析液作用于腹膜間皮細(xì)胞可提升細(xì)胞線粒體的ROS水平,而升高的ROS激活NLRP3-IL-1β,啟動(dòng)線粒體自噬清除受損線粒體,降低細(xì)胞ROS水平;應(yīng)用ROS抑制劑則可削弱NLRP3-IL-1β活化,從而減輕腹腔慢性炎癥反應(yīng),提示負(fù)性調(diào)控NLRP3可作為干預(yù)腹膜透析腹腔慢性炎癥的靶點(diǎn)之一[7-8]。前期我們還應(yīng)用生物信息學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)庫預(yù)測了微小RNA-22-3p (microRNA-22-3p, miR-22-3p)與NLRP3可能的靶向結(jié)合位點(diǎn),并構(gòu)建NLRP3-3'-UTR野生型(wild-type, WT)及突變型(mutant, mut)雙螢光素酶報(bào)告基因載體, NLRP3-3'-UTR野生型與miR-22-3p mimic共轉(zhuǎn)染293T細(xì)胞后,螢光素酶活性降低,于是初步認(rèn)為miR-22-3p可負(fù)性調(diào)控基因及功能[9]。本研究利用脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS)致敏腹膜間皮細(xì)胞,探討miR-22-3p對三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate, ATP)誘導(dǎo)的NLRP3炎癥小體活化的影響及機(jī)制。
人腹膜間皮細(xì)胞株HMrSV5購自美國模式培養(yǎng)物集存庫(American Type Culture Collection, ATCC)。
逆轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒(PrimeScript RT Master Mix)購自寶日醫(yī)生物技術(shù)(北京)有限公司; qPCR Master Mix購自南京諾唯贊生物科技有限公司; DNA聚合酶(Taq DNA polymerase)購自天根生化科技(北京)有限公司;雙螢光素酶報(bào)告基因載體psiCHECK2(包含海腎螢光素酶基因和螢火蟲螢光素酶基因)、雙螢光素酶報(bào)告基因檢測試劑盒購自Promega; miR-22-3p mimic、miR-22-3p inhibitor及陰性對照購自吉瑪基因;抗NLRP3抗體購自ABGENT;抗caspase-1 p20抗體購自Adipogen; IL-1β ELISA試劑盒購自聯(lián)科生物科技有限公司; caspase-1活性檢測試劑盒購自BioVision。
2.1細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染體外培養(yǎng)取人腹膜間皮細(xì)胞株HMrSV5第5~10代用于實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,參考我們前期的報(bào)道[7],用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)基,于37℃、5% CO2培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng),取處于對數(shù)生長期,生長狀態(tài)良好的細(xì)胞,以每孔5×105的細(xì)胞密度分別接種于6孔板, 37℃培養(yǎng)過夜;當(dāng)細(xì)胞匯合70%左右時(shí)開始轉(zhuǎn)染,轉(zhuǎn)染前2 h換成無血清DMEM培養(yǎng)基,參照LipofectamineTM2000說明書進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)染。將細(xì)胞分為miR-22-3p NC+psiCHECK2組、miR-22-3p NC+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-WT組、miR-22-3p mimic+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-WT組、miR-22-3p mimic+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-mut組、miR-22-3p inhibitor+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-WT組和miR-22-3p inhibitor+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-mut組。每組設(shè)3個(gè)平行孔,重復(fù)3次。
2.2雙螢光素酶活性的檢測轉(zhuǎn)染后48 h吸盡細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液加入細(xì)胞裂解液充分裂解細(xì)胞,(10 000~15 000)×離心3~5 min,取上清用于測定。按雙螢光素酶報(bào)告基因檢測試劑盒提供實(shí)驗(yàn)方案,計(jì)算相對螢光素酶活性。
2.3RT-qPCR和Western blot檢測HMrSV5細(xì)胞NLRP3的mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)HMrSV5細(xì)胞分別轉(zhuǎn)染miR-22-3p NC、miR-22-3p mimic和miR-22-3p inhibitor,轉(zhuǎn)染后48 h吸盡細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液加入細(xì)胞裂解液充分裂解細(xì)胞用于實(shí)驗(yàn)。將細(xì)胞分為miR-22-3p NC+LPS組、miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP組、miR-22-3p mimic+LPS組、miR-22-3p mimic+LPS+ATP組、miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS組和miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS+ATP組,各組中LPS的濃度為1 mg/L,與細(xì)胞作用時(shí)間為4 h,而ATP濃度為5 mmol/L,于LPS加入前作用細(xì)胞30 min。收集細(xì)胞,應(yīng)用RT-qPCR和Western blot檢測NLRP3的mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)。RT-qPCR所用引物序列見表1。
表1 RT-qPCR引物序列
2.4HMrSV5細(xì)胞IL-1β含量和caspase-1活性的檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)分組同2.3,收集細(xì)胞上清,分別按IL-1β ELISA試劑盒說明書和caspase-1活性檢測試劑盒說明書進(jìn)行檢測。
2.5Western blot檢測HMrSV5細(xì)胞caspase-1 p20蛋白的表達(dá)實(shí)驗(yàn)分組同2.3,收集細(xì)胞上清,用Western blot檢測細(xì)胞上清caspase-1 p20蛋白的表達(dá),具體實(shí)驗(yàn)方法與本課題組之前的報(bào)道相同[5]。
全部數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS 21.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件分析。計(jì)量資料用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(mean±SD)表示,根據(jù)方差齊性檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果,多組間比較采用單因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA),組間多重比較采用SNK-檢驗(yàn),以<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
與miR-22-3p NC+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-WT組相比, miR-22-3p mimic+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-WT組螢光素酶活性顯著降低(<0.05),miR-22-3p mimic+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-mut組螢光素酶活性無顯著變化, miR-22-3p inhibitor+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-WT組螢光素酶活性顯著升高(<0.05), miR-22-3p inhibitor +psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-mut組螢光素酶活性無顯著性改變(>0.05),見圖1。上述結(jié)果提示, miR-22-3p可靶向調(diào)控HMrSV5細(xì)胞基因。
Figure 1. The dual luciferase activity in the HMrSV5 cells. Mean±SD. n=3. *P<0.05 vs miR-22-3p NC+psiCHECK2-NLRP3-3'-UTR-WT group.
HMrSV5細(xì)胞分別轉(zhuǎn)染miR-22-3p NC、miR-22-3p mimic和miR-22-3p inhibitor后,RT-qPCR檢測結(jié)果顯示miR-22-3p mimic轉(zhuǎn)染組miR-22-3p的表達(dá)較對照組明顯升高(<0.05),miR-22-3p inhibitor轉(zhuǎn)染組miR-22-3p的表達(dá)較對照組明顯降低(<0.05),見圖2。
Figure 2. The expression of miR-22-3p in the HMrSV5 cells. Mean±SD. n=3. *P<0.05 vs miR+22-3p NC group.
經(jīng)LPS預(yù)處理的HMrSV5細(xì)胞分別轉(zhuǎn)染miR-22-3p NC、miR-22-3p mimic和miR-22-3p inhibitor后,檢測NLRP3 mRNA和蛋白表達(dá),結(jié)果顯示,與miR-22-3p NC+LPS組比較, miR-22-3p mimic+LPS組NLRP3 mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)下降(<0.05),轉(zhuǎn)染miR-22-3p inhibitor組NLRP3 mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)升高(<0.05); NLRP3激動(dòng)劑ATP可有效上調(diào)NLRP3 mRNA及蛋白表達(dá),然而,相較于miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP組, miR-22-3p mimic+LPS+ATP組NLRP3 mRNA及蛋白水平仍顯著降低(<0.05),表明miR-22-3p可負(fù)性調(diào)控NLRP3的表達(dá),見圖3。
Figure 3. The effect of miR-22-3p transfection on expression of NLRP3 at mRNA (A) and protein (B) levels in the HMrSV5 cells. Mean±SD. n=3. *P<0.05 vs miR-22-3p NC+LPS group; #P<0.05 vs miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP group.
HMrSV5細(xì)胞分組處理后ELISA檢測細(xì)胞上清IL-1β的含量。結(jié)果可見,與miR-22-3p NC+LPS組比較, miR-22-3p mimic+LPS組的IL-1β含量顯著降低(<0.05), miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS組的IL-1β含量顯著升高(<0.05);此外, miR-22-3p mimic+LPS+ATP組IL-1β的含量較miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP組顯著減少(<0.05),見圖4。
Figure 4. The effect of miR-22-3p transfection on expression of IL-1β in the HMrSV5 cells. Mean±SD. n=3. *P<0.05 vs miR-22-3p NC+LPS group; #P<0.05 vs miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP group.
HMrSV5細(xì)胞分組處理后,檢測細(xì)胞caspase-1活性。結(jié)果可見,與miR-22-3p NC+LPS組比較,miR-22-3p mimic+LPS組的caspase-1活性下降(<0.05),miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS組的caspase-1活性升高(<0.05),此外,miR-22-3p mimic+LPS+ATP組caspas-1的活性較miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP組明顯降低(<0.05),見圖5。
Figure 5. The effect of miR-22-3p transfection on the activity of caspase-1 in the HMrSV5 cells. Mean±SD. n=3. *P<0.05 vs miR-22-3p NC+LPS group; #P<0.05 vs miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP group.
HMrSV5細(xì)胞分組處理后,檢測細(xì)胞caspase-1 p20的表達(dá)水平。結(jié)果可見,與miR-22-3p NC+LPS組比較,miR-22-3p mimic組的caspase-1 p20表達(dá)下降(<0.05),miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS組的caspase-1 p20表達(dá)升高(<0.05);此外,miR-22-3p mimic+LPS+ATP組caspas-1 p20的表達(dá)較miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP組明顯減少(<0.05),見圖6。
臨床上長期應(yīng)用高糖腹膜透析液所致的腹腔慢性炎癥、腹膜纖維化是腹膜透析技術(shù)的瓶頸,是學(xué)者們一致重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的研究領(lǐng)域。NLRP3炎癥小體是核苷酸結(jié)合寡聚化結(jié)構(gòu)域(nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, NOD)樣受體(NOD-like receptor, NLR)家族成員之一,其可廣泛識(shí)別細(xì)胞內(nèi)外的應(yīng)激和危險(xiǎn)信號(hào), NLRP3持續(xù)激活可導(dǎo)致廣泛的組織損傷并參與許多急慢性炎癥性疾病的發(fā)生[10]。前期體內(nèi)外的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究證實(shí):高糖腹膜透析液可通過ROS誘導(dǎo)NLRP3-IL-1β活化,啟動(dòng)線粒體自噬或者應(yīng)用ROS抑制劑均可削弱NLRP3-IL-1β的活化,從而減輕腹腔慢性炎癥,提示負(fù)性調(diào)控NLRP3可作為干預(yù)腹膜透析腹腔慢性炎癥的靶點(diǎn)之一[7-8]。
研究證實(shí),miR-22通過有效結(jié)合靶基因、阻斷靶基因的表達(dá)在抑制腫瘤生長、轉(zhuǎn)移、抗腫瘤治療方面發(fā)揮重要作用[11-13]。那么, miR-22是否可以阻斷基因的表達(dá)及功能,發(fā)揮對抗炎癥的作用呢?
前期我們成功構(gòu)建NLRP3-3'-UTR野生型及突變型雙螢光素酶報(bào)告基因載體,在293T細(xì)胞中初步證實(shí)miR-22-3p可負(fù)性調(diào)控基因及功能[9],在此基礎(chǔ)上本實(shí)驗(yàn)在腹膜間皮細(xì)胞中發(fā)現(xiàn),miR-22-3p模擬物可抑制NLRP3-3'-UTR野生型螢光素酶活性、miR-22-3p抑制物可提升NLRP3-3'-UTR野生型螢光素酶活性;進(jìn)一步的實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),LPS預(yù)刺激的腹膜間皮細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染miR-22-3p模擬物可下調(diào)NLRP3的mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)、miR-22-3p抑制物可上調(diào)NLRP3的mRNA和蛋白表達(dá),上述實(shí)驗(yàn)提示miR-22-3p可負(fù)性調(diào)控腹膜間皮細(xì)胞基因的表達(dá)。那么,miR-22-3p是如何調(diào)控NLRP3功能的?為此我們進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了NLRP3下游IL-1β和caspase-1 p20蛋白的表達(dá)以及caspase-1的活性,腹膜間皮細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染miR-22-3p模擬物可下調(diào)IL-1β和caspase-1 p20蛋白表達(dá)并減弱caspase-1活性、miR-22-3p抑制物可上調(diào)IL-1β、caspase1 p20蛋白的表達(dá)并提升caspase-1活性,加用NLRP3的激動(dòng)劑ATP處理細(xì)胞并不影響miR-22-3p模擬物的作用,NLRP3的表達(dá)仍較miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP組降低。由此我們認(rèn)為,miR-22-3p可負(fù)性調(diào)控人腹膜間皮細(xì)胞NLRP3的表達(dá)及功能。新近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在胃癌組織中NLRP3表達(dá)異常升高,不僅啟動(dòng)胃粘膜上皮細(xì)胞的炎癥反應(yīng)還促使上皮細(xì)胞異常增生和胃癌的發(fā)生;miR-22可直接結(jié)合NLRP3-3'-UTR,抑制后者的高表達(dá)及生物學(xué)效應(yīng)[14]。在口腔鱗狀上皮細(xì)胞癌組織及細(xì)胞系中觀察到miR-22表達(dá)明顯低下,NLRP3的表達(dá)卻明顯升高;過表達(dá)miR-22可逆轉(zhuǎn)NLRP3激活所致的促腫瘤效應(yīng)[15]。除腫瘤領(lǐng)域外,研究者還發(fā)現(xiàn),miR-22通過靶向抑制基因,減少冠心病大鼠心肌微血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞凋亡及下調(diào)促炎癥因子的表達(dá),對大鼠心肌微血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞發(fā)揮保護(hù)作用[16]。本研究與上述研究的結(jié)果類似,但本研究未能在動(dòng)物模型中加之證實(shí),這也是本研究的不足之處。下一步我們擬建立腹膜透析模型鼠,觀察miR-22-3p腹腔內(nèi)注射后對高糖腹膜透析液作用下NLRP3表達(dá)及功能的影響。
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MicroRNA-22-3p negatively regulates NLRP3 expression and function in human peritoneal mesothelial cells
WU Jun, LI Xiang-you, FENG Bao-hong, LI Ju-shuang, ZHU Ge-li, ZHANG Yan-xia, BI Zhi-min, GONG Xue-min
(,,,430074,)
To investigate the role of microRNA-22-3p (miR-22-3p)in regulating nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)expression and function in human peritoneal mesothelial cells.The 3'-UTR sequence ofgene and its mutants were cloned into the dual luciferase reporter plasmid psiCHECK2 respectively to construct a wild-type and mutant recombinant dual luciferase reporter plasmid. An SV40-immortalized human peritoneal mesothelial cell line HMrSV5 pretreated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was generated and transfected with recombinant dual luciferase reporter plasmid and miR-22-3p mimic or miR-22-3p inhibitor respectively, then the luciferase activity was detected. In addition, the HMrSV5 cells were randomly divided into 6 groups: miR-22-3p NC+LPS, miR-22-3p NC+LPS+ATP, miR-22-3p mimic+LPS, miR-22-3p mimic+LPS+ATP, miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS and miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS+ATP. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to evaluate the expression of NLRP3. ELISA was used to measure the content of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the activity of caspase-1. The expression of caspase-1 p20 was determined by Western blot.Wild-type NLRP3 recombinant plasmid and miR-22-3p mimic co-transfection significantly decreased the luciferase activity compared with control group (<0.05), while wild-type NLRP3 recombinant plasmid and miR-22-3p inhibitor co-transfection significantly increased the luciferase activity compared with control group (<0.05). Compare with miR-22-3p NC+LPS group, the expression of NLRP3 at mRNA and protein levels, the content of IL-1β, the expression of caspase-1 p20 and the activity of caspase-1 were decreased in miR-22-3p mimic+LPS group (<0.05), while the expression of NLRP3 at mRNA and protein levels, the content of IL-1β, the expression of caspase-1 p20 and the activity of caspase-1 were increased in miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS group (<0.05). Compare with miR-22-3p NC+LPS group, the expression of NLRP3 at mRNA and protein levels, the content of IL-1β, the expression of cspase-1 p20 and the activity of caspase-1 were increased in miR-22-3p inhibitor+LPS+ATP group (<0.05).miR-22-3p negatively regulates NLRP3 expression and function in human peritoneal mesothelial cells.
MicroRNA-22-3p; Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3; Human peritoneal mesothelial cells; Peritoneal dialysis; End-stage renal disease
R692.5; R363.2
A
10.3969/j.issn.1000-4718.2020.11.021
1000-4718(2020)11-2068-06
2019-11-19
2020-04-09
湖北省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(No.2016CFB590);湖北省衛(wèi)健委科研項(xiàng)目(No.WJ2019Q001);武漢市科技局應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)前沿項(xiàng)目(No.2019020701011434);武漢市衛(wèi)計(jì)委科研項(xiàng)目(No.WX16B09)
Tel: 027-68894905; E-mail: lixiangyou3@163.com
(責(zé)任編輯:林白霜,余小慧)