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探析閱讀理解中代詞的考查

2014-04-09 00:36邱璇卿
廣東教育·高中 2014年3期
關(guān)鍵詞:句意指代代詞

邱璇卿

在閱讀語(yǔ)篇中我們常常遇到一些代詞,如it,they,that,this,which,as,so等,這些代詞用來(lái)代替上下文涉及到的人、事或物。代詞起連接語(yǔ)篇的作用,體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇中各個(gè)句子之間的銜接關(guān)系。且看下面的句子,可否指出各句中代詞指代的對(duì)象?

解析:本題題眼是 “I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis”,句中as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,可句中it是指什么呢?其實(shí)就是回指the job (to teach writing),即“因?yàn)檫@個(gè)工作會(huì)讓我戴著領(lǐng)帶,也讓我被人稱(chēng)為戴維斯先生”,從此句及接下來(lái)的那兩句可看出,作者是希望得到別人的尊重,故選A。

[解題探討]

從上述的真題解析可以看出這兩類(lèi)題均是考查考生在一定語(yǔ)境中對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的正確理解,只不過(guò)考查的方式不同而已。在閱讀過(guò)程,考生不僅根據(jù)一定的上下文去推測(cè)相關(guān)代詞的指代意義,讀懂相關(guān)句子的句意,理順上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系,還要學(xué)會(huì)合理語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化,尤其要學(xué)會(huì)靈活理解關(guān)鍵語(yǔ)句的同義或反義表達(dá)。

解答這兩類(lèi)題時(shí),考生必須結(jié)合代詞的具體用法,確定代詞的指代對(duì)象:指代人?或物?亦是事?如分析不當(dāng),往往會(huì)出現(xiàn) “張冠李戴”的錯(cuò)誤,影響了語(yǔ)篇的整體理解。有時(shí)代詞指代的對(duì)象相隔較遠(yuǎn),要認(rèn)真查找;有時(shí)需要對(duì)前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié),才能找出代詞所指代的事。借助語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、典型句型以及承上啟下的連接詞語(yǔ)來(lái)進(jìn)行推測(cè)也是很常用的方法。

代詞是高考考查的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,若算上引導(dǎo)從句的關(guān)系代詞和連接代詞,則考查的比重更大。廣東高考命題主要在于語(yǔ)法填空及閱讀理解,側(cè)重于代詞的綜合運(yùn)用以及在具體語(yǔ)境中的作用。在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,主要掌握代詞的基本用法,著重關(guān)注個(gè)別代詞的特殊用法,牢記與代詞相關(guān)的句型或表達(dá)方式。代詞指代是在文章邏輯關(guān)系中的一種十分常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)篇銜接手段。在閱讀中有意識(shí)地關(guān)注代詞在語(yǔ)篇中的指代內(nèi)容,對(duì)我們正確理解語(yǔ)篇意義非常有益。

[實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)]

1. Too many people want others to be their friends, but they dont give friendship back. That is why some friendships dont last long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous and be understanding.

A. there are too many people who want to make friends

B. some people receive friendship but dont give friendship back

C. those who give others friendship receive friendship from others

D. they dont know friendship is something serious

2. Valderzak had adjusted to his hearing loss with the help of a special microphone and a crash lesson in lip-reading. But that meant he could only talk to one person at a time. But now he can talk to all four of his kids again.

A. hearing loss

B. using a special microphone

C. lip-reading

D. attending a course on lip reading

答案與解析:

1. B 因“That is why...”中that是回指前面一句的內(nèi)容,故選B。

2. C結(jié)合that所在句的句意及上下文意義的銜接,可知that是回指lip-reading。

(作者單位:汕頭市廣澳中學(xué))

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

在閱讀語(yǔ)篇中我們常常遇到一些代詞,如it,they,that,this,which,as,so等,這些代詞用來(lái)代替上下文涉及到的人、事或物。代詞起連接語(yǔ)篇的作用,體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇中各個(gè)句子之間的銜接關(guān)系。且看下面的句子,可否指出各句中代詞指代的對(duì)象?

解析:本題題眼是 “I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis”,句中as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,可句中it是指什么呢?其實(shí)就是回指the job (to teach writing),即“因?yàn)檫@個(gè)工作會(huì)讓我戴著領(lǐng)帶,也讓我被人稱(chēng)為戴維斯先生”,從此句及接下來(lái)的那兩句可看出,作者是希望得到別人的尊重,故選A。

[解題探討]

從上述的真題解析可以看出這兩類(lèi)題均是考查考生在一定語(yǔ)境中對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的正確理解,只不過(guò)考查的方式不同而已。在閱讀過(guò)程,考生不僅根據(jù)一定的上下文去推測(cè)相關(guān)代詞的指代意義,讀懂相關(guān)句子的句意,理順上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系,還要學(xué)會(huì)合理語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化,尤其要學(xué)會(huì)靈活理解關(guān)鍵語(yǔ)句的同義或反義表達(dá)。

解答這兩類(lèi)題時(shí),考生必須結(jié)合代詞的具體用法,確定代詞的指代對(duì)象:指代人?或物?亦是事?如分析不當(dāng),往往會(huì)出現(xiàn) “張冠李戴”的錯(cuò)誤,影響了語(yǔ)篇的整體理解。有時(shí)代詞指代的對(duì)象相隔較遠(yuǎn),要認(rèn)真查找;有時(shí)需要對(duì)前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié),才能找出代詞所指代的事。借助語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、典型句型以及承上啟下的連接詞語(yǔ)來(lái)進(jìn)行推測(cè)也是很常用的方法。

代詞是高考考查的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,若算上引導(dǎo)從句的關(guān)系代詞和連接代詞,則考查的比重更大。廣東高考命題主要在于語(yǔ)法填空及閱讀理解,側(cè)重于代詞的綜合運(yùn)用以及在具體語(yǔ)境中的作用。在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,主要掌握代詞的基本用法,著重關(guān)注個(gè)別代詞的特殊用法,牢記與代詞相關(guān)的句型或表達(dá)方式。代詞指代是在文章邏輯關(guān)系中的一種十分常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)篇銜接手段。在閱讀中有意識(shí)地關(guān)注代詞在語(yǔ)篇中的指代內(nèi)容,對(duì)我們正確理解語(yǔ)篇意義非常有益。

[實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)]

1. Too many people want others to be their friends, but they dont give friendship back. That is why some friendships dont last long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous and be understanding.

A. there are too many people who want to make friends

B. some people receive friendship but dont give friendship back

C. those who give others friendship receive friendship from others

D. they dont know friendship is something serious

2. Valderzak had adjusted to his hearing loss with the help of a special microphone and a crash lesson in lip-reading. But that meant he could only talk to one person at a time. But now he can talk to all four of his kids again.

A. hearing loss

B. using a special microphone

C. lip-reading

D. attending a course on lip reading

答案與解析:

1. B 因“That is why...”中that是回指前面一句的內(nèi)容,故選B。

2. C結(jié)合that所在句的句意及上下文意義的銜接,可知that是回指lip-reading。

(作者單位:汕頭市廣澳中學(xué))

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

在閱讀語(yǔ)篇中我們常常遇到一些代詞,如it,they,that,this,which,as,so等,這些代詞用來(lái)代替上下文涉及到的人、事或物。代詞起連接語(yǔ)篇的作用,體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇中各個(gè)句子之間的銜接關(guān)系。且看下面的句子,可否指出各句中代詞指代的對(duì)象?

解析:本題題眼是 “I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis”,句中as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,可句中it是指什么呢?其實(shí)就是回指the job (to teach writing),即“因?yàn)檫@個(gè)工作會(huì)讓我戴著領(lǐng)帶,也讓我被人稱(chēng)為戴維斯先生”,從此句及接下來(lái)的那兩句可看出,作者是希望得到別人的尊重,故選A。

[解題探討]

從上述的真題解析可以看出這兩類(lèi)題均是考查考生在一定語(yǔ)境中對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的正確理解,只不過(guò)考查的方式不同而已。在閱讀過(guò)程,考生不僅根據(jù)一定的上下文去推測(cè)相關(guān)代詞的指代意義,讀懂相關(guān)句子的句意,理順上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系,還要學(xué)會(huì)合理語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化,尤其要學(xué)會(huì)靈活理解關(guān)鍵語(yǔ)句的同義或反義表達(dá)。

解答這兩類(lèi)題時(shí),考生必須結(jié)合代詞的具體用法,確定代詞的指代對(duì)象:指代人?或物?亦是事?如分析不當(dāng),往往會(huì)出現(xiàn) “張冠李戴”的錯(cuò)誤,影響了語(yǔ)篇的整體理解。有時(shí)代詞指代的對(duì)象相隔較遠(yuǎn),要認(rèn)真查找;有時(shí)需要對(duì)前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié),才能找出代詞所指代的事。借助語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、典型句型以及承上啟下的連接詞語(yǔ)來(lái)進(jìn)行推測(cè)也是很常用的方法。

代詞是高考考查的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,若算上引導(dǎo)從句的關(guān)系代詞和連接代詞,則考查的比重更大。廣東高考命題主要在于語(yǔ)法填空及閱讀理解,側(cè)重于代詞的綜合運(yùn)用以及在具體語(yǔ)境中的作用。在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,主要掌握代詞的基本用法,著重關(guān)注個(gè)別代詞的特殊用法,牢記與代詞相關(guān)的句型或表達(dá)方式。代詞指代是在文章邏輯關(guān)系中的一種十分常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)篇銜接手段。在閱讀中有意識(shí)地關(guān)注代詞在語(yǔ)篇中的指代內(nèi)容,對(duì)我們正確理解語(yǔ)篇意義非常有益。

[實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)]

1. Too many people want others to be their friends, but they dont give friendship back. That is why some friendships dont last long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous and be understanding.

A. there are too many people who want to make friends

B. some people receive friendship but dont give friendship back

C. those who give others friendship receive friendship from others

D. they dont know friendship is something serious

2. Valderzak had adjusted to his hearing loss with the help of a special microphone and a crash lesson in lip-reading. But that meant he could only talk to one person at a time. But now he can talk to all four of his kids again.

A. hearing loss

B. using a special microphone

C. lip-reading

D. attending a course on lip reading

答案與解析:

1. B 因“That is why...”中that是回指前面一句的內(nèi)容,故選B。

2. C結(jié)合that所在句的句意及上下文意義的銜接,可知that是回指lip-reading。

(作者單位:汕頭市廣澳中學(xué))

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

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