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按內(nèi)容和邏輯歸類,搞定基礎(chǔ)寫作的長(zhǎng)句

2014-04-09 00:37楊萌
廣東教育·高中 2014年3期
關(guān)鍵詞:篇篇同位語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句

楊萌

高考英語(yǔ)廣東卷的基礎(chǔ)作要求考生用五句話表達(dá)全部的寫作內(nèi)容。因一篇基礎(chǔ)寫作中一般有七八個(gè)信息點(diǎn),要用五句話表達(dá)出來(lái),就需要掌握寫好長(zhǎng)句的手段。寫長(zhǎng)句的手段一般包括:使用從句(主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句)、介詞短語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、插入語(yǔ)等。如果平時(shí)沒有一定的積累,要在考場(chǎng)上寫出一篇具有這些元素的高質(zhì)量語(yǔ)句的作文是不容易的,所以通過平時(shí)的寫作練習(xí)以及教師的講評(píng)來(lái)進(jìn)行有序地積累就很重要。

但是在實(shí)際教學(xué)當(dāng)中,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)同學(xué)們對(duì)寫作講評(píng)課,大多聽完就算了事,對(duì)教師給出的范文以及同學(xué)寫出的精彩句子也只是欣賞一下而已,并沒有學(xué)會(huì)將之歸納整理后化為己用。本文以下面這篇基礎(chǔ)寫作為例,從內(nèi)容和邏輯兩個(gè)角度,來(lái)探討怎樣提升寫長(zhǎng)句的能力。

其次,從邏輯角度進(jìn)行歸納整理。

根據(jù)各要點(diǎn)之間的邏輯關(guān)系,我們可以將題中要點(diǎn)分成5組,以便每組用一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子來(lái)表達(dá);在組句成文中也要考慮各句之間的邏輯關(guān)系。

句1:姓名、職務(wù)、外貌特征、性格特點(diǎn)、身體狀況、學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī) (同位語(yǔ))

句2:興趣愛好:喜歡體育,能歌善舞(并列關(guān)系)

句3:英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí):(1)她剛進(jìn)校時(shí),遇到不少困難(轉(zhuǎn)折、時(shí)間關(guān)系)

句4:英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí):(2)不怕苦,不怕難,努力把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好(結(jié)果)

句5:品行評(píng)價(jià)(并列、結(jié)果關(guān)系)

舉一反三

練習(xí)1:用一個(gè)句子介紹以下人物。(三種表達(dá))

陳燮霞,女子舉重運(yùn)動(dòng)員,身高150cm,體重47.5kg,1983年1月8日出生于廣東省廣州市。

練習(xí)4:分析邏輯,用一個(gè)句子表達(dá)以下內(nèi)容。

(1)(陳燮霞)2007年首次參加世界錦標(biāo)賽,奪得女子48公斤級(jí)三項(xiàng)冠軍。(時(shí)間)

(2)隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,更多家庭擁有私家車,造成嚴(yán)重的交通問題和環(huán)境污染。(伴隨或結(jié)果)

(3)這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)得到全國(guó)人民的支持, 取得巨大成功。(結(jié)果)

(4)倡議人們放棄私家車,選用公共汽車、自行車或步行方式。(對(duì)比)

(5)盡管工作繁忙,人們?cè)谇迕鞴?jié)還是會(huì)帶些花掃墓祭祖。(轉(zhuǎn)折)

(6)(話題:青少年參加電視才藝表演)贊同:1.豐富社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。2.增強(qiáng)自信。(結(jié)果)

(7)(話題:青少年參加電視才藝表演)不贊同:模仿多創(chuàng)新少。(對(duì)比)

參考表達(dá)

練習(xí)1

方法1:同位語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)(定語(yǔ)從句或短語(yǔ))

Chen Xiexia, a female weight-lifter who was born on January 8th, 1983 in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, is 150 cm tall and weighs 47.5 kg.

方法2:過去分詞短語(yǔ)開頭;with介詞短語(yǔ)

Born on January 8th, 1983 in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, Chen Xiexia is a female weight-lifter with a height of 150 cm and a weight of 47.5 kg.

方法3:as介詞短語(yǔ)

As a famous weight-lifter in China, Chen Xiexia was born on January 8th, 1983 in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, and is 150 cm in height and 47.5 kg in weight.

練習(xí)2

方法1:同位語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)(定語(yǔ)從句或短語(yǔ))

The Yungang Caves, one of the most valuable cultural relics in the world built in the Northern Wei Dynasty, are located in Datong, Shanxi Province.

方法2:過去分詞短語(yǔ)開頭

Located in Datong, Shanxi Province,the Yungang Caves date from the Northern Wei Dynasty and is regarded as one of the most valuable cultural relics in the world.

方法3:as介詞短語(yǔ)

As a world-famous cultural relic, the Yungang Caves which are located in Datong, Shanxi Province,can date back to the Northern Wei Dynasty.

練習(xí)3

方法1:同位語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)(定語(yǔ)從句或短語(yǔ))

Qingming Festival, a traditional festival (which is) in honour of our ancestors, falls on April 4th or 5th every year.

方法2:過去分詞短語(yǔ)開頭

Regarded as one of the most important Chinese traditional festivals, Qingming Festival takes place on somewhere around April 4th every year.endprint

方法3:as介詞短語(yǔ)

As a traditional festival (which is) in honour of our ancestors, Qingming Festival falls on April 4th or 5th every year.

練習(xí)4

(1)When taking part in the World Championship for the first time, she won a total of three championships for the womens 48 kg class weight-lifting competition.

(2)With the development of the economy, an increasing number of families have bought private cars, thus leading to heavier traffic problems and more serious air pollution.

(3)The campaign has gained much support all over the country, which makes it a real success.

(4)People are encouraged to take public transport,ride bicycles or walk instead of driving private cars.

(5)Despite the fact that people are busy working, they will clean their ancestors graves and decorate them with some flowers.

(6)Some think that it is a stage to show their talents of art, contributing much to their social experience and self-confidence.

(7)However, other students hold the different idea that the teenagers are just imitating others rather than showing something original.

結(jié)語(yǔ):

每次寫作的內(nèi)容下次再現(xiàn)的可能性不大,但同類的內(nèi)容以及同樣的邏輯卻篇篇皆有,找到這個(gè)共性,進(jìn)行針對(duì)性的歸納整理,那么,平時(shí)每一次的寫作練習(xí)就不僅能幫助鞏固我們前段時(shí)間的學(xué)習(xí),還能促使我們進(jìn)一步提高,拿下基礎(chǔ)寫作,則指日可待。

(作者單位:中山市中山紀(jì)念中學(xué))

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

方法3:as介詞短語(yǔ)

As a traditional festival (which is) in honour of our ancestors, Qingming Festival falls on April 4th or 5th every year.

練習(xí)4

(1)When taking part in the World Championship for the first time, she won a total of three championships for the womens 48 kg class weight-lifting competition.

(2)With the development of the economy, an increasing number of families have bought private cars, thus leading to heavier traffic problems and more serious air pollution.

(3)The campaign has gained much support all over the country, which makes it a real success.

(4)People are encouraged to take public transport,ride bicycles or walk instead of driving private cars.

(5)Despite the fact that people are busy working, they will clean their ancestors graves and decorate them with some flowers.

(6)Some think that it is a stage to show their talents of art, contributing much to their social experience and self-confidence.

(7)However, other students hold the different idea that the teenagers are just imitating others rather than showing something original.

結(jié)語(yǔ):

每次寫作的內(nèi)容下次再現(xiàn)的可能性不大,但同類的內(nèi)容以及同樣的邏輯卻篇篇皆有,找到這個(gè)共性,進(jìn)行針對(duì)性的歸納整理,那么,平時(shí)每一次的寫作練習(xí)就不僅能幫助鞏固我們前段時(shí)間的學(xué)習(xí),還能促使我們進(jìn)一步提高,拿下基礎(chǔ)寫作,則指日可待。

(作者單位:中山市中山紀(jì)念中學(xué))

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

方法3:as介詞短語(yǔ)

As a traditional festival (which is) in honour of our ancestors, Qingming Festival falls on April 4th or 5th every year.

練習(xí)4

(1)When taking part in the World Championship for the first time, she won a total of three championships for the womens 48 kg class weight-lifting competition.

(2)With the development of the economy, an increasing number of families have bought private cars, thus leading to heavier traffic problems and more serious air pollution.

(3)The campaign has gained much support all over the country, which makes it a real success.

(4)People are encouraged to take public transport,ride bicycles or walk instead of driving private cars.

(5)Despite the fact that people are busy working, they will clean their ancestors graves and decorate them with some flowers.

(6)Some think that it is a stage to show their talents of art, contributing much to their social experience and self-confidence.

(7)However, other students hold the different idea that the teenagers are just imitating others rather than showing something original.

結(jié)語(yǔ):

每次寫作的內(nèi)容下次再現(xiàn)的可能性不大,但同類的內(nèi)容以及同樣的邏輯卻篇篇皆有,找到這個(gè)共性,進(jìn)行針對(duì)性的歸納整理,那么,平時(shí)每一次的寫作練習(xí)就不僅能幫助鞏固我們前段時(shí)間的學(xué)習(xí),還能促使我們進(jìn)一步提高,拿下基礎(chǔ)寫作,則指日可待。

(作者單位:中山市中山紀(jì)念中學(xué))

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

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