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·英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)·

護(hù)患情境會(huì)話

老年人的飲食指導(dǎo)

Dietary Instructions for an Elderly

交流

護(hù)士：您吃得比平時(shí)多嗎？

病人：是的，比我平時(shí)吃得多，我都感到有點(diǎn)撐了。飯店的菜味道很好。

護(hù)士：蝦是水煮的嗎？

病人：不，是椒鹽炸蝦。

護(hù)士：您平時(shí)幾點(diǎn)鐘吃晚飯？

病人：大約下午5∶30至6∶00吧。

護(hù)士：昨天白天您是不是累了？

病人：是的，昨天單位里有幾個(gè)年輕人要問(wèn)我些問(wèn)題，我就去了，結(jié)果折騰了一天，然后他們就請(qǐng)我一起到餐館吃晚飯。

護(hù)士：您的膽囊炎以前發(fā)作過(guò)嗎？如有發(fā)作，是不是與飲食不當(dāng)與休息不好有關(guān)？

病人：有過(guò)兩次，都是吃了一碗燜肉面。

護(hù)士：殷婆婆，我有些建議，是針對(duì)老年人吃飯方面，尤其是有膽囊和胰腺疾病的。

病人：是哪些建議呢？

護(hù)士：老年人每餐應(yīng)吃得少一點(diǎn)，大約八分飽。飲食宜清淡一點(diǎn)，少吃或不吃油膩和油炸食品，您昨晚吃的油炸三果、蘿卜絲餅和椒鹽蝦都對(duì)您的膽囊炎不利。晚飯吃得早一點(diǎn)，不要晚于晚上7∶00，尤其是您是喜歡早睡的。另外吃飯的速度不能太快，食物切得小一點(diǎn)，做得爛一點(diǎn)，這樣有利于您的健康。

病人：我一天要吃多少蔬菜為好呢？

護(hù)士：一天的蔬菜量要達(dá)到八兩到一斤。因?yàn)槭卟耸侨梭w的清道夫，使您的大便保持通暢。

病人：我知道了，謝謝。

Interactions

Nurse: Did you eat more foods last night than usual?

Patient: Yes, I ate more than usual. I felt so full. The flavor of the restaurant foods was wonderful.

Nurse: Was the shrimp poached?

Patient: No, the shrimps were fried.

Nurse: What time do you usually have your supper?

Patient: About 5∶30 to 6∶00 pm.

Nurse: Were you tired yesterday?

Patient: Yes. A few of my younger colleagues invited me to discuss things with them. I was busy with them the whole day. Then they invited me to have supper with them at the restaurant.

Nurse: Have you suffered from cholecystitis before? If so, were the episodes related to inappropriate diet and rest?

Patient: There were two episodes. Both happened after eating a bowl of smoldered meat noodles.

Nurse: Grandma Yin, I have some dietary suggestions for the elders, especially for those who are suffering from chronic cholecystitis or pancreatitis.

Patient: What suggestions?

Nurse: It’s helpful for the elders not to eat a full meal every time, preferable 80% full. Have light meal, avoid fried or oily food. The fried nuts, radish cake and fried shrimps you had last night are not good for your chronic cholecystitis. Since you like to go to bed early, the time of your supper should be earlier, no later than 7∶00 pm. Also, you should not eat too fast, cut the food into smaller pieces, and make them softer. This way is better for your health.

Patient: How much vegetable should I eat every day?

Nurse: You should have 1/2 pound to 1 pound vegetable each day. Vegetables are cleaner for the human body. Adequate dietary fiber is one of the most important factors for bowel function.Patient: I see. Thanks.

點(diǎn)評(píng)

指導(dǎo)老年人飲食要做到以下十點(diǎn)：每餐少一點(diǎn)，八成飽；質(zhì)量高一點(diǎn)，供應(yīng)優(yōu)質(zhì)蛋白質(zhì)；蔬菜多一點(diǎn), 每天250 g；吃鹽少一點(diǎn)，每天6 g以下；雜糧多點(diǎn)，不偏食；作料重一點(diǎn)，蔥、姜、醋等； 飯菜爛一點(diǎn)；粥多喝一點(diǎn)；早餐精一點(diǎn)；晚餐早一點(diǎn)。

Comments

Dietary instructions for older people mainly include the following 10 items: Less food per meal, food intake should be 70-80 percent full；protein intake should be high quality；more vegetables,250 g rams per day；take less salt, less than 6 g rams a day；more coarse grains with balance diet; more seasoning with onions, ginger or vinegar；cook the meals a little longer, make it softer； more congee；high quality breakfast；earlier time for supper。

(汪小華)