国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

超聲波促進的水相Biginelli反應合成二氫嘧啶酮衍生物*

2016-01-17 08:54王英焦銳連云港師范高等??茖W?;瘜W系江蘇連云港222006
合成化學 2015年11期
關鍵詞:催化合成水相

王英,焦銳(連云港師范高等??茖W校化學系,江蘇連云港 222006)

?

超聲波促進的水相Biginelli反應合成二氫嘧啶酮衍生物*

王英,焦銳
(連云港師范高等??茖W?;瘜W系,江蘇連云港222006)

摘要:報道了水相中硫酸氫鈉催化的乙酰乙酸酯、醛和脲(硫脲)參與的Biginelli型反應,在超聲波促進下高效地合成11個3,4-二氫嘧啶酮衍生物,收率80%~93%,其結構經(jīng)1H NMR和HR-MS確證。

關鍵詞:Biginelli反應;催化;超聲波;水相;二氫嘧啶酮;合成

二氫嘧啶酮具有廣泛的生物活性,如抗病毒、抗腫瘤、抗菌及消炎等[1]。其衍生物還是潛在的鈣通道阻滯劑,α1a-腎上腺素拮抗劑和神經(jīng)肽受體拮抗劑[2]。合成該類化合物的最為經(jīng)典的方法是Biginelli反應[13]。到目前為止,研究已發(fā)現(xiàn)離子液體[4-6]、金屬路易斯酸[7-10]及負載型酸性催化劑[11-18]等均可有效催化Biginelli反應合成二氫嘧啶酮衍生物,但是多數(shù)反應在催化劑制備、反應效率及環(huán)境友好性方面依然有待改進。

超聲波促進的有機反應近年來被廣泛研究。與傳統(tǒng)的有機合成方法相比,超聲波輻射下的反應可以在更加溫和的條件下進行,同時可以顯著提高產(chǎn)率和縮短反應時間,甚至可以使某些傳統(tǒng)條件下難以發(fā)生的反應得以順利進行。研究表明,超聲波不僅可以促進氧化、還原、取代、加成及縮合等經(jīng)典反應,對偶聯(lián)反應和多組分反應同樣具有較好的促進作用[19]。

本文報道了超聲波促進的水相Biginelli反應高效合成二氫嘧啶酮衍生物。以乙酰乙酸酯(1a 和1e),醛(2a~2d)和脲(或硫脲)(3a和3i)為原料,經(jīng)超聲波促進的Biginelli型反應合成了11個3,4-二氫嘧啶酮衍生物(4a~4k,Scheme 1),收率80%~93%,其結構經(jīng)1H NMR和HR-MS確證。

1 實驗部分

1.1儀器與試劑

Scheme 1

X-4型顯微熔點儀(溫度未校正); FTNMR Bruker 250 MHz型核磁共振儀(DMSO-d6為溶劑,TMS為內(nèi)標); TOF-MS型質(zhì)譜儀。

所用試劑均分析純。

1.2 4a~4k的合成通法

在反應瓶中依次加入1 2.2 mmol,2 2 mmol,3 2.2 mmol,NaHSO40.4 mmol,水3 mL和乙醇1 mL,攪拌下于55℃(水浴)超聲反應10 h~15 h(TLC監(jiān)測)。冷卻,旋蒸除溶,殘余物經(jīng)硅膠柱層析[洗脫劑:V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(石油醚)=1∶6]純化得4a~4k。

4a:白色固體,m.p.205℃~207℃;

1H NMR δ:1.08(t,J=7.1 Hz,3H,CH3),2.24(s,3H,CH3),3.98(q,J=7.1 Hz,2H,OCH2),5.06(d,J=2.15 Hz,1H,CH),7.27(m,5H,ArH),7.76(s,1H,NH),9.21(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C14H16N2O3[M+]260.116 1; found 260.115 8。

4b:白色固體,m.p.199℃~200℃;

1H NMR δ:1.14(t,J=7.12 Hz,3H,CH3),2.34(s,3H,CH3),3.77(s,3H,OCH3),4.05(q,J=7.12 Hz,2H,OCH2),5.34(d,J=2.28 Hz,1H,CH),6.82(d,J=8.60 Hz,2H,ArH),7.21(d,J=8.60 Hz,2H,ArH),7.75(s,1H,NH),9.25(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C15H18N2O4[M+]290.126 7; found 290.126 3。

4c:棕色固體,m.p.209℃~211℃;

1H NMR δ:1.10(t,J=7.04 Hz,3H,CH3),2.31(s,3H,CH3),4.04(q,2H,J=7.12 Hz,OCH2),5.79(d,J=2.28 Hz,1H,CH),7.50(d,J=9.18 Hz,2H,ArH),7.68(s,1H,NH),8.15(d,J=9.16 Hz,2H,ArH),9.06(s,1H, NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C14H15N3O5[M+]305.101 2; found 305.101 0。

4d:白色固體,m.p.213℃~214℃;

1H NMR δ:1.11(t,J=7.14 Hz,3H,CH3),2.30(s,3H,CH3),3.90(q,J=7.16 Hz,2H,OCH2),5.71(d,J=2.28 Hz,1H,CH),7.22(d,J=9.18 Hz,2H,ArH),7.68(s,1H,NH),7.95(d,J=9.18 Hz,2H,ArH),9.16(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C14H15N2O3Cl [M+]294.077 1; found 294.077 0。

4e:白色固體,m.p.235℃~236℃;

1H NMR δ:2.30(s,3H,CH3),3.91(s,3H,CO2CH3),5.45(d,J=2.15 Hz,1H,CH),7.14(d,J=9.05 Hz,2H,ArH),7.52(s,1H,NH),7.88(d,J=9.06 Hz,2H,ArH),9.01(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C13H13N2O3Cl [M+]280.061 5; found 280.0616。

4f:棕色固體,m.p.228℃~229℃;

1H NMR δ:2.21(s,3H,CH3),3.90(s,3H,CO2CH3),5.51(d,J=2.15 Hz,1H,CH),7.43(d,J=9.11 Hz,2H,ArH),7.45(s,1H,NH),8.05(d,J=9.10 Hz,2H,ArH),9.05(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C13H13N3O5[M+]291.085 5; found 291.085 3。

4g:白色固體,m.p.192℃~193℃;

1H NMR δ:2.25(s,3H,CH3),3.91(s,3H,CO2CH3),3.76(s,3H,OCH3),5.21(d,J=2.21 Hz,1H,CH),6.75(d,J=8.58 Hz,2H,ArH),7.19(d,J=8.58 Hz,2H,ArH),7.63(s,1H,NH),9.16(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C14H16N2O4[M+]276.111 0; found 276.111 0。

4h:白色固體,m.p.205℃~206℃;

1H NMR δ:2.18(s,3H,CH3),3.86(s,3H,CO2CH3),5.03(d,J=2.07 Hz,1H,CH),7.25(m,5H,ArH),7.65(s,1H,NH),9.14(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C13H14N2O3[M+]246.100 4; found 246.100 1。

4i:黃色固體,m.p.209℃~210℃;

1H NMR δ:1.10(t,J=7.21 Hz,3H,CH3),2.28(s,3H,CH3),4.12(q,J=7.24 Hz,2H,OCH2),5.15(d,J=2.05 Hz,1H,CH),7.52(m,5H,ArH),7.80(s,1H,NH),9.42(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C14H16N2O2S[M+]276.093 2; found 276.093 0。

4j:棕色固體,m.p.201℃~202℃;

1H NMR δ:1.16(t,J=7.14 Hz,3H,CH3),2.28(s,3H,CH3),4.02(q,J=7.11 Hz,2H,OCH2),5.80(d,J=2.06 Hz,1H,CH),7.24~7.37(m,4H,ArH),7.77(s,1H,NH),9.34(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C14H15N3O4S[M+]321.078 3; found 321.078 2。

4k:黃色固體,m.p.149℃~150℃;

1H NMR δ:1.18(t,J=7.11 Hz,3H,CH3),2.36(s,3H,CH3),4.13(s,3H,OCH3),4.15(q,J=7.10 Hz,2H,OCH2),5.45(d,J=2.15 Hz,1H,CH),7.12(d,J=8.15 Hz,2H,ArH),7.38(d,J=8.11 Hz,2H,ArH),7.85(s,1H,NH),9.44(s,1H,NH); HR-ESI-MS m/z:Calcd for C15H18N2O3S[M+]306.103 8; found 306.103 1。

2 結果與討論

2.1反應條件的優(yōu)化

以1a,2a和3a的反應為模板反應,對反應條件進行優(yōu)化。實驗結果表明,以20 mol% NaHSO4為催化劑,在水相中于室溫反應12 h,只有微量產(chǎn)物生成;反應溫度升至55℃,反應12 h,4a收率48%;當把反應體系放入超聲波環(huán)境中時,于55℃反應4 h,反應基本結束,整個反應體系自始至終呈現(xiàn)渾濁狀??紤]到原料的溶解性對反應的影響,嘗試以25%乙醇為溶劑,發(fā)現(xiàn)反應在1 h左右即可完成,并以90%的分離收率獲得4a。將NaHSO4的用量降低至10 mol%時,反應收率明顯下降。

2.2反應的普適性探討

以20mol% NaHSO4作為催化劑,在50℃超聲波條件下,進行了底物的拓展。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),乙酰乙酸乙酯和乙酰乙酸甲酯都能很好地參與反應,對于芳香醛而言,芳環(huán)上取代基的電子效應對反應影響較小,無論強吸電子基團硝基,還是強供電子基團甲氧基,相應芳醛參與的反應均能順利進行,以85%~93%的優(yōu)良收率獲得目標產(chǎn)物(4a~4h)。除了尿素能發(fā)生反應外,硫脲類化合物也能順利參與反應,在最優(yōu)條件下,可以82%~93%的收率獲得目標產(chǎn)物(4i~4k),芳香醛中芳環(huán)上所帶基團的電子效應對反應收率的影響甚微。

將醛底物拓展到脂肪醛時,反應幾乎不能進

行。這可能與反應中生成的亞胺中間體的穩(wěn)定性有關[20],芳香醛亞胺的穩(wěn)定性要高于脂肪醛亞胺,越穩(wěn)定的亞胺越利于后續(xù)反應的進行。

3 結論

報道了水相中超聲波促進下乙酰乙酸酯、芳醛和(硫)脲的Biginelli反應,高效地合成了3,4-二氫嘧啶酮衍生物,產(chǎn)率高達93%。

該方法具有反應條件溫和、操作簡便、收率高、綠色環(huán)保等優(yōu)點。該研究結果為發(fā)展超聲波條件下的高效合成方法提供了借鑒。

參考文獻

[1]Kappe C O.100 years of the biginelli dihydropyrimidine synthesis[J].Tetrahedron,1993,49(32):6937-6963.

[2]Atwal K S,Swanson B N,Unger S E,et al.Dihydropyrimidine calcium channel blockers.3.3-Carbamoyl-4-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-methyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid esters as orally effective antihypertensive agents[J].J Med Chem,1991,34(2):806-811.

[3]Kappe C O.Biologically active dihydropyrimidones of the Biginelli-type a literature survey[J].Eur J Med Chem,2000,35(12):1043-1052.

[4]Alvim H G O,Lima T B,Oliveira H C B,et al.Ionic liquid effect over the Biginelli reaction under homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis[J].ACS Catal,2013,3(7):1420-1430.

[5]Elhamifar D,Nasr-Esfahani M,Shábani A,et al.Ionic liquid and sulfonic acid based bifunctional periodic mesoporous organosilica(BPMO-IL-SO3H)as a highly efficient and reusable nanocatalyst for the Biginelli reaction[J].ChemCatChem,2014,6(9):2593-2599.

[6]Elhamifar D,Shábani A.Nitrogen and phosphorus dual-doped hierarchical porous carbon foams as efficient metal-free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions[J].Chem Eur J,2014,20(11):3212-3217.

[7]Chitra S,Pandiarajan K.Calcium fluoride:An efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and their corresponding 2(1H)thione:An improved high yielding protocol for the Biginelli reaction[J].Tetrahedron Lett,2009,50(19):2222-2224.

[8]Cai Y F,Yang H M,Xu L W.Cooperative and enantioselective NbCl5/primary amine catalyzed Biginelli reaction[J].Eur J Org Chem,2010,(26):4986-4990.

[9]Qiu Y,Sun H,Xia W,et al.Efficient,stable,and reusable Lewis acid-surfactant-combined catalyst:Onepot Biginelli and solvent-free esterification reactions [J].J Mol Catal A:Chem,2014,392:76-82.

[10]Oliverio M,Rivalta I,Procopio A.Facile ecofriendly synthesis of monastrol and its structural isomers via Biginelli reaction[J].ACS Sustain Chem Eng,2014,2(5):1228-1233.

[11]Nandi G C,Samai S,Singh M S.Biginelli and Hantzsch-type reactions leading to highly functionalized dihydropyrimidinone,thiocoumarin,and pyridopyrimidinone frameworks via ring annulation with β-oxodithioesters[J].J Org Chem,2010,75(22):7785-7795.

[12]Kalbasi R J,Massah A R,Daneshvarnejad B.Preparation and characterization of bentonite/PS-SO3H nanocomposites as an efficient acid catalyst for the Biginelli reaction[J].Appl Clay Sci,2012,55:1-9.

[13]Pramanik M,Bhaumik A.Phosphonic acid functionalized ordered mesoporous material:A new and ecofriendly catalyst for one-pot multicomponent Biginelli reaction under solvent-free conditions[J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2014,6(2):933-941.

[14]Quan Z J,Da Y X,Wang X C,et al.PS-PEG-SO3H as an efficient catalyst for 3,4-dihydropyrimidones via Biginelli reaction[J].Catal Commun,2009,10(8):1146-1148.

[15]Konkala K,Reddy V K,Prasad R B N,et al.Revisit to the Biginelli reaction:A novel and recyclable bioglycerol-based sulfonic acid functionalized carbon catalyst for one-pot synthesis of substituted 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones[J].Tetrahedron Lett,2012,53(15):1968-1973.

[16]Zamani F,Izadi E.Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated-phenylacetic acid coated Fe3O4nanoparticles as a novel acid magnetic catalyst for Biginelli reaction[J].Catal Commun,2013,42:104-108.

[17]Kolvari E,Koukabi N,Armandpour O.A simple and efficient synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-pyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones via Biginelli reaction catalyzed by nanomagneticsupported sulfonic acid[J].Tetrahedron,2014,70(6):1383-1386.

[18]Gong K,Wang H,Wang S,et al.β-Cyclodextrinpropyl sulfonic acid:A new and eco-friendly catalyst for one-pot multi-component synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidones via Biginelli reaction[J].Tetrahedron,2015,71(29):4830-4834.

[19]紀順俊,史達清,等.現(xiàn)代有機合成新技術,第二版[M].北京:化學工業(yè)出版社,2014.

[20]Folkers K,Johnson T B.Researches on pyrimidines.CXXXVI.The mechanism of formation of tetrahydropyrimidines by the Biginelli reaction[J].J Am Chem Soc,1933,55(9):3784-3791.

·制藥技術·

Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones by Aqueous Biginelli Reaction under Ultrasonic Irradiation

WANG Ying,JIAO Rui
(Department of Chemistry,Lianyungang Teachers College,Lianyungang 222006,China)

Abstract:Eleven 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones were efficiently synthesized by aqueous Biginelli reaction of β-ketoester,aldehyde and urea(or thiourea)catalyzed by NaHSO4under ultrasonic irradiation with the yields of 80%~93%.The structures were confirmed by1H NMR and HR-MS.

Keywords:Biginelli reaction; catalysis; ultrasonic irradiation; aqueous reaction; 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one; synthesis

作者簡介:王英(1972-),女,漢族,江蘇揚州人,碩士,主要從事有機合成方法學研究。E-mail:yingwang721110@163.com

基金項目:江蘇省教育廳“青藍工程”項目

收稿日期:2015-06-30

DOI:10.15952/j.cnki.cjsc.1005-1511.2015.11.1060 *

文獻標識碼:A

中圖分類號:O626; O621.3

通信聯(lián)系人:焦銳,副教授,Tel.0518-85608859,E-mail:jr7228@163.com

猜你喜歡
催化合成水相
P204 萃取硫酸體系中V(IV)的性能研究
離子液體分散液液微萃取-水相固化-高效液相色譜法測定食用菌中3種擬除蟲菊酯類農(nóng)藥的殘留量
海上中高滲透率砂巖油藏油水相滲曲線合理性綜合分析技術
更 正
多酸化學的研究及應用
重視隱性德育關注心靈成長
綜合化學實驗設計:RGO/MnO復合材料的合成及其電化學性能考察
八種氟喹諾酮類藥物人工抗原的合成及鑒定
滿文單詞合成系統(tǒng)的設計
文學經(jīng)典催化高教情商教育