龍榮芳
[摘要]目的 探討臨床路徑護(hù)理在血液透析患者中的應(yīng)用效果。方法 選取2015年4月~2017年4月我院收治的84例血液透析患者作為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)護(hù)理方式不同分為觀察組與對(duì)照組,每組各42例。對(duì)照組患者采取常規(guī)護(hù)理措施,觀察組患者采取臨床路徑護(hù)理,兩組患者均干預(yù)1個(gè)月,對(duì)比分析兩組患者干預(yù)后的滿意度及并發(fā)癥總發(fā)生率。結(jié)果 觀察組患者的并發(fā)癥總發(fā)生率(9.52%)顯著低于對(duì)照組(33.33%),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);觀察組患者對(duì)宣教、環(huán)境、態(tài)度、操作和治療效果的滿意度評(píng)分均高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 采用臨床路徑護(hù)理措施可有效提高血液透析患者的護(hù)理質(zhì)量,降低并發(fā)癥總發(fā)生率,達(dá)到促進(jìn)療效的目的。
[關(guān)鍵詞]臨床路徑護(hù)理;血液透析;護(hù)理質(zhì)量;并發(fā)癥
[中圖分類號(hào)] R248? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1674-4721(2019)2(a)-0223-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of clinical pathway nursing in hemodialysis patients. Methods A total of 84 cases of hemodialysis patients treated in our hospital from April 2015 to April 2017 were selected as the subjects. According to the different nursing methods, they were divided into the observation group and the control group, with 42 cases in each group. The patients in the control group took routine nursing measures, and the patients in the observation group took clinical path nursing, the two groups were all intervened for 1 months. The patients′ satisfaction and the total incidence of complications were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results The total incidence of complications in the observation group (9.52%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (33.33%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The satisfaction scores of propaganda, environment, attitude, operation and treatment effect of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Clinical pathway nursing measures can effectively improve the quality of care of hemodialysis patients, reduce the total incidence of complications, and achieve the purpose of promoting curative effect.
[Key words] Clinical pathway nursing; Hemodialysis; Nursing quality; Complications
目前,血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)是急慢性腎衰竭患者臨床上采取的主要治療之一,該治療屬于腎臟替代的一種常見治療方式[1-2]?;颊叨鄷?huì)因透析穿刺而疼痛不堪,并產(chǎn)生許多的消極情緒,從而影響治療效果。在留置HD導(dǎo)管時(shí),也會(huì)因交叉感染和常規(guī)護(hù)理的系統(tǒng)性不強(qiáng),缺乏規(guī)范性,而導(dǎo)致感染加重,嚴(yán)重危害患者的生命健康。在常規(guī)的護(hù)理模式下,醫(yī)務(wù)人員往往會(huì)忽視患者的心理狀態(tài)及健康教育程度不一的問題,導(dǎo)致其護(hù)理質(zhì)量較低,造成醫(yī)患關(guān)系緊張[3]。有學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn)HD患者治療期間并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生率較高,可通過(guò)有效的臨床護(hù)理路徑干預(yù),在各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化,從而提高護(hù)理質(zhì)量達(dá)到促進(jìn)療效的目的[4-5]。本研究選取84例HD患者作為研究對(duì)象,旨在探討臨床路徑護(hù)理在HD患者中的應(yīng)用效果,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選取2015年4月~2017年4月我院收治的84例HD患者作為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)護(hù)理方式不同分為觀察組與對(duì)照組,每組各42例。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①患者均需留置HD導(dǎo)管;②患者或家屬知情并簽署知情同意書;③患者無(wú)語(yǔ)言交流、精神意識(shí)障礙。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①患有凝血功能障礙者;②既往有其他嚴(yán)重家族遺傳病史者;③近1個(gè)月內(nèi)有服用過(guò)其他藥物治療者。對(duì)照組:年齡21~86歲,平均(57.62±8.03)歲;疾病類型:急性腎衰竭17例,慢性腎小球腎炎9例,糖尿病腎病16例;置管時(shí)間6 d~34個(gè)月,平均(12.32±2.46)個(gè)月;置管部位:右股靜脈25例,右頸內(nèi)靜脈17例。觀察組:年齡22~88歲,平均(57.56±7.98)歲;疾病類型:急性腎衰竭16例,慢性腎小球腎炎8例,糖尿病腎病18例;置管時(shí)間7 d~35個(gè)月,平均(12.35±2.42)個(gè)月;置管部位:右股靜脈23例,右頸內(nèi)靜脈19例。兩組患者的一般資料比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究經(jīng)醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)同意執(zhí)行。