陳文麗
摘 要:讀懂文章是否等于逐詞的進(jìn)行閱讀?到底要用什么樣的方法才能讀懂文章呢?其實(shí),讀懂文章就是要找主題和找重點(diǎn),所謂找主題就是要找每段文字的段落主題或者是每篇文章的篇章主題。段落主題就是這個(gè)段落到底說(shuō)了什么,而篇章主題則是指整篇文章所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容。找重點(diǎn)就是要找到每道題的出題位置,然后根據(jù)據(jù)原文進(jìn)行作答。所以對(duì)每篇文章的閱讀就一定要找住這篇文章的主題。
關(guān)鍵詞:英語(yǔ)閱讀;閱讀策略;找主題;找重點(diǎn)
讀懂文章就是要找主題和找重點(diǎn),所謂找主題就是要找每段文字的段落主題或者是每篇文章的篇章主題。段落主題就是這個(gè)段落到底說(shuō)了什么,而篇章主題則是指整篇文章所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容。找重點(diǎn)就是要找到每道題的出題位置,然后根據(jù)據(jù)原文進(jìn)行作答。所以對(duì)每篇文章的閱讀就一定要找住這篇文章的主題。下面以2013年高考英語(yǔ)北京卷閱讀理解A篇為例講解如何找主題和找重點(diǎn):
EP Portable Heater
We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget. Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP Portable Heater. With over one million satisfied customers around the world, the new EP heats better and faster, saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent.
The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. The outside of EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.
The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room. With other heaters, youll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.
The EP comes with a 3-year warranty(保修) and a 60-day. no questions asked. Satisfaction guarantee. If you are not totally satisfied, return it to our expertise and your money will be given back to you.
Now, we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery.If you order that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.
Take action right now!
第一段首句我們都知道加熱房間的花費(fèi)將一直在家庭的預(yù)算方面是一個(gè)非常大的負(fù)擔(dān)。第二段首句The EP沒(méi)有能夠?qū)е禄馂?zāi)的外部原件。第三段The EP不會(huì)降低屋子里的氧氣。第四段進(jìn)化版的EP也能夠均勻的加熱房間。第五段The EP有一個(gè)3年的保修和60天不用回答問(wèn)題的滿意保證。最后一段說(shuō)現(xiàn)在我們有一個(gè)10天的特殊的優(yōu)惠,在這期間可以享受半價(jià)優(yōu)惠以及免費(fèi)運(yùn)送。
看完這篇文章的主題句再加上標(biāo)題EP便攜式加熱器,其余的部分基本就不用看,就知道這篇文章根本就是一個(gè)賣電器的廣告。第一段通過(guò)講加熱器開(kāi)支負(fù)擔(dān)引出全文,下面幾段都是說(shuō)這款加熱器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)及售后服務(wù)。接下來(lái)我們看題目
56. What is mainly discussed in paragraph 2?
A. the heat of the EP
B. the safety of the EP
C. the appearance of the EP
通過(guò)上面的解釋可知這段是講EP的安全性,所以選B。
59. The main purpose of the passage is to______________.
A. persuade people to buy the product
B. advise people to save on heating bills
C. report the new development of portable heaters
既然是廣告,那么這篇文章的主要目的就是說(shuō)服人們?nèi)ベI這款產(chǎn)品,所以選A。
從這篇文章可知整篇文章中有三種信息,第一種有效信息是幫助做題的,第二種干擾信息,是干擾選出正確選項(xiàng)的,第三種是無(wú)效信息,讀完之后對(duì)做題沒(méi)有幫助,但是可以擴(kuò)大詞匯量。總之,要讀懂文章,各段的首句一定是有效信息,是閱讀的重點(diǎn),更是解題的關(guān)鍵,因此在閱讀時(shí)要引起高度的重視。找主題和找重點(diǎn)比看懂每個(gè)字更重要。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1] 新東方網(wǎng)絡(luò)教程
[2] 2013年高考英語(yǔ)北京卷