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導(dǎo)樂(lè)分娩與康復(fù)按摩護(hù)理對(duì)產(chǎn)后抑郁癥的影響 及睡眠質(zhì)量的改善

2018-10-21 10:49李煥敏
世界睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)雜志 2018年10期
關(guān)鍵詞:產(chǎn)后抑郁癥睡眠質(zhì)量

李煥敏

摘要 ?目的:研究導(dǎo)樂(lè)分娩與康復(fù)按摩護(hù)理服務(wù)對(duì)產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后抑郁癥的影響及其對(duì)改善產(chǎn)婦睡眠質(zhì)量的價(jià)值。方法:選取2017年9月至2018年9月聊城市東昌府區(qū)婦幼保健院產(chǎn)科收治的檢查并分娩的產(chǎn)婦80例,隨機(jī)分為觀察組( n =41)和對(duì)照組( n =39),對(duì)照組實(shí)施產(chǎn)科常規(guī)護(hù)理,觀察組另施予導(dǎo)樂(lè)分娩與康復(fù)按摩護(hù)理服務(wù),比較2組的護(hù)理效果。結(jié)果:觀察組護(hù)理后的EPDS評(píng)分、PSQI評(píng)分優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義( P <0.05),觀察組產(chǎn)后抑郁癥發(fā)生率低于對(duì)照組( P <0.05)。結(jié)論:導(dǎo)樂(lè)分娩聯(lián)合康復(fù)按摩護(hù)理服務(wù),有利于降低產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后抑郁癥,改善其睡眠質(zhì)量。

關(guān)鍵詞 ?導(dǎo)樂(lè)分娩;康復(fù)按摩護(hù)理服務(wù);產(chǎn)后抑郁癥;睡眠質(zhì)量

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):R741;R248.3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A? doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-7130.2018.10.009

Effect of Guided Music Delivery and Rehabilitation Massage Nursing Services ?on Maternal Postpartum Depression and Improvement of Sleep Quality

Li Huanmin

(Delivery Room of Dong Changfu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liaocheng,252000)

Abstract Objective: To study the effects of doula delivery and rehabilitation massage care services on maternal postpartum depression and its value in improving maternal sleep quality. Methods: From September 2017 to September 2018,a total of 80 cases of obstetrical delivery in Delivery Room of Dong Changfu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected.According to nursing methods, 39 cases of obstetrical routine nursing were divided into routine group, and 41 cases of Doula delivery and rehabilitation massage nursing service were taken as nursing group.The effect of nursing in two groups was compared. Results: The EPDS score and PSQI score of the nursing group after nursing were compared with the routine group ( P <0.05), the incidence of postpartum depression in the nursing group was lower than that in the conventional group ( P <0.05). Conclusion: Doula delivery combined with rehabilitation and massage care can help to reduce maternal postpartum depression and improve their sleep quality.

Key Words ?Doula delivery; Rehabilitation and massage care services; Postpartum depression; The quality of sleep

產(chǎn)后抑郁癥是產(chǎn)褥期較為常見(jiàn)的一種心理障礙性疾病,該病多出現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)后2周,主要表現(xiàn)出情感的持續(xù)低落,并伴有思維、行動(dòng)等改變和軀體性癥狀[1]。產(chǎn)后抑郁癥不僅會(huì)影響到產(chǎn)婦的身心健康,而且還會(huì)對(duì)嬰兒的情緒、認(rèn)知發(fā)展造成嚴(yán)重的負(fù)面影響。本文主要研究導(dǎo)樂(lè)分娩與康復(fù)按摩護(hù)理服務(wù)對(duì)產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后抑郁癥和睡眠質(zhì)量等的影響,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料 選取2017年9月至2018年9月我院產(chǎn)科收治的檢查并分娩的產(chǎn)婦80例,隨機(jī)分為觀察組( n =41)和對(duì)照組( n =39),對(duì)照組中,年齡21~34歲,平均年齡(28.46±1.62)歲;孕周37~41周,平均孕周(39.41±0.14)周。觀察組中,年齡22~33歲,平均年齡(28.97±1.47)歲;孕周38~42周,平均孕周(39.98±1.47)周。2組患者一般資料比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義( P >0.05),具有可比性。

1.2 納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 1)經(jīng)醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會(huì)審核批準(zhǔn)。2)與產(chǎn)婦及其家屬簽署知情同意書(shū);3)初產(chǎn)婦且均為單胎、頭位。

1.3 排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 1)伴有精神障礙者;2)合并有慢性軀體性疾病者;3)心肝腎等功能障礙者。

1.4 護(hù)理方法

1.4.1 對(duì)照組 施予產(chǎn)科常規(guī)護(hù)理,包括:產(chǎn)前保健、健康教育、母乳喂養(yǎng)指導(dǎo)及產(chǎn)后保健等。

1.4.2 觀察組 施予導(dǎo)樂(lè)分娩與康復(fù)按摩護(hù)理服務(wù):1)導(dǎo)樂(lè)分娩:①在產(chǎn)婦孕24~28周時(shí),要求產(chǎn)婦夫妻參與到孕婦學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)孕期保健方法、自我監(jiān)護(hù)知識(shí)以及分娩、哺乳和育嬰等知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中去,并讓產(chǎn)婦家屬幫助產(chǎn)婦育嬰,以緩解產(chǎn)婦身心的疲憊。②入院后護(hù)理人員或助產(chǎn)士還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)與產(chǎn)婦及其家屬的交流和溝通,并采用圖譜的方式向待產(chǎn)婦及家屬講解分娩的致使、各產(chǎn)程的經(jīng)過(guò)等,并指導(dǎo)待產(chǎn)婦進(jìn)行深呼吸訓(xùn)練,以改善待產(chǎn)婦緊張、焦慮的心理情緒。③待產(chǎn)婦的宮口開(kāi)至2 cm時(shí),應(yīng)將其送至溫馨、舒適的產(chǎn)房中,并允產(chǎn)婦家屬陪伴其左右,并適時(shí)鼓勵(lì)產(chǎn)婦,以促進(jìn)其分娩;在宮縮時(shí)助產(chǎn)士應(yīng)指導(dǎo)產(chǎn)婦進(jìn)行拉瑪澤減痛分娩法,以緩解宮縮疼痛。此外助產(chǎn)士還應(yīng)適時(shí)按摩產(chǎn)婦的腹部與腰骶部,并適時(shí)告知其分娩的進(jìn)程,以幫助產(chǎn)婦順利分娩。④胎兒娩出2 h后,護(hù)理人員應(yīng)及時(shí)將產(chǎn)婦送回病房,并進(jìn)行產(chǎn)后健康指導(dǎo),包括正確的母乳喂養(yǎng)方法、育嬰的知識(shí)、會(huì)陰部的保健等。對(duì)于有不良心理情緒的產(chǎn)婦,護(hù)理人員應(yīng)實(shí)施給予其科學(xué)的心理指導(dǎo)和干預(yù),使產(chǎn)婦盡快進(jìn)入到“母親”這一角色中。2)康復(fù)按摩護(hù)理:產(chǎn)后6~12 h,由產(chǎn)科按摩醫(yī)師對(duì)產(chǎn)婦進(jìn)行按摩:囑產(chǎn)婦仰臥或者俯臥在按摩床上,使用大毛巾對(duì)產(chǎn)婦下腹部和骶尾部進(jìn)行熱敷,再在按摩的部位涂抹上產(chǎn)科康復(fù)按摩油,應(yīng)用揉、推、按、拿等手法按摩產(chǎn)婦的頭面部、乳房、胸腹部、四肢和背部等,40 min/次,1~2次/d,共按摩4~6次。按摩前由護(hù)理人員向產(chǎn)婦及家屬講解按摩的目的、具體流程和應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)等,以提升產(chǎn)婦及家屬的配合度;按摩期間護(hù)理人員還應(yīng)仔細(xì)評(píng)估產(chǎn)婦身心狀態(tài),并為其營(yíng)造一個(gè)安靜、舒適的環(huán)境,以幫助產(chǎn)婦全面放松身心。

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