孫彥+顧宣歆(等)
[摘要] 目的 比較髕骨成形術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的臨床效果。 方法 選擇2011年7月~2012年12月于浙江省海寧市人民醫(yī)院住院并行手術(shù)治療的膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎患者109例,其中,行髕骨成形術(shù)48例(髕骨成形術(shù)組),行傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)61例(傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組),記錄其術(shù)前、術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月的VAS評(píng)分和KSS評(píng)分。 結(jié)果 髕骨成形術(shù)組術(shù)前、術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月的VAS評(píng)分分別為(7.12±1.91)、(5.65±1.30)、(4.11±1.69)分,KSS評(píng)分分別為(48.12±11.88)分、(53.34±7.34)分、(65.12±5.37)分;傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組術(shù)前、術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月的VAS評(píng)分分別為(7.59±2.41)、(4.55±1.69)、(2.35±1.28)分,KSS評(píng)分分別為(30.25±10.95)、(66.55±10.37)、(78.01±13.12)分;傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月的VAS評(píng)分均較髕骨成形術(shù)組低,KSS評(píng)分均較髕骨成形術(shù)組高,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P < 0.05)。 結(jié)論 對(duì)于治療中晚期骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎,傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)較髕骨成形術(shù)效果更佳。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎;髕骨成形術(shù);傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)
[中圖分類號(hào)] R684.3 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210(2014)10(a)-0035-05
Clinical observation of patellar arthroplasty and traditional knee arthroplasty in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis
SUN Yan1 GU Xuanxin1 QIAN Yuening1 GU Xiaomin2
1.The First Department of Orthopedics, the People's Hospital of Haining City, Zhejiang Province, Haining 314400, China; 2.Department of Orthopaedics, the Second People's Hospital of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310015, China
[Abstract] Objective To discuss the clinical effects of patellar arthroplasty and traditional knee arthroplasty in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Methods 109 patients with knee osteoarthritis underwent operative treatment in the People's Hospital of Haining City from July 2011 to December 2012 were selected. 48 cases were given patellar arthroplasty treatment (patellar arthroplasty group), 61 cases were given traditional knee arthroplasty treatment (traditional knee arthroplasty group). The VAS score and KSS score before operation, 1 week and 2 months after operation were recorded. Results The VAS scores before operation, 1 week and 2 months after operation in the patellar arthroplasty group were (7.12±1.91), (5.65±1.30), and (4.11±1.69) scores, while the KSS scores were (48.12±11.88), (53.34±7.34), (65.12±5.37) scores. The VAS scores before operation, 1 week and 2 months after operation in the traditional knee arthroplasty group were (7.59±2.41), (4.55±1.69), (2.35±1.28) scores, while the KSS scores were (30.25±10.95), (66.55±10.37), (78.01±13.12) scores. 1 week and 2 months after operation, the VAS scores of patients in the traditional knee arthroplasty group were lower than those in the patellar arthroplasty group, while the KSS scores were higher than those of in the patellar arthroplasty group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The effect of patellar arthroplasty in the treatment of middle-late osteoarthritis is worse than traditional knee arthroplasty.
[Key words] Knee osteoarthritis; Patellar arthroplasty; Traditional knee arthroplasty
膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎是一種由于膝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)軟骨變性及骨質(zhì)增生引起的慢性老年性疾病,容易導(dǎo)致膝關(guān)節(jié)畸形、疼痛、功能障礙,嚴(yán)重影響患者的生活質(zhì)量。該病的病理特點(diǎn)為膝關(guān)節(jié)邊緣骨質(zhì)的增生、關(guān)節(jié)軟骨破壞或變性、軟骨下囊性變或骨硬化、膝關(guān)節(jié)滑膜的增生、關(guān)節(jié)囊不同程度的攣縮、膝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)韌帶攣縮或松弛、肌肉出血萎縮甚至無力等。該病發(fā)病原因目前尚不明確,但與年齡、創(chuàng)傷、體重、生活習(xí)慣、遺傳、工作等因素有關(guān)[1]。
隨著中國(guó)人口老齡化的發(fā)展以及生活質(zhì)量提高,膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的發(fā)病逐漸增多并有年輕化的趨勢(shì)。據(jù)報(bào)道60歲以上有疼痛癥狀的膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎患者在人群中的發(fā)病率國(guó)外高達(dá)37%,我國(guó)高達(dá)50%,而70歲以上的發(fā)病率我國(guó)高達(dá)80%[1-3]。早期膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎可采取保守治療,或在關(guān)節(jié)鏡下進(jìn)行關(guān)節(jié)清理,但對(duì)晚期的膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎效果欠佳[4]。而髕骨成形術(shù)及傳統(tǒng)的膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)均是治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的有效方法,尤其適用于中重度疼痛的膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎患者,可以有效緩解患者膝關(guān)節(jié)疼痛,改善患者膝關(guān)節(jié)功能,是治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的有效手段。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選擇2011年7月~2012年12月于浙江省海寧市人民醫(yī)院住院,并行手術(shù)治療的膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎患者共109例,其中,男45例,女64例,年齡47~88歲,平均67.3歲。根據(jù)其采用的不同治療方法分為髕骨成形術(shù)組(n = 48)和傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組(n = 61),分別行髕骨成形術(shù)和傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)。所有患者均為單側(cè)膝關(guān)節(jié)行髕骨成形術(shù)或傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)。
納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):符合中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)骨科學(xué)分會(huì)制訂的《骨關(guān)節(jié)炎診治指南》(2007年版)中膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①近1個(gè)月內(nèi)反復(fù)膝關(guān)節(jié)疼痛;②站立或負(fù)重位X線片示關(guān)節(jié)間隙變窄、軟骨下骨硬化和(或)囊性變、關(guān)節(jié)緣骨贅形成;③2次以上關(guān)節(jié)液清亮、黏稠,白細(xì)胞(WBC)< 2000個(gè)/mL;④≥40歲中老年患者;⑤晨僵≤3 min;⑥活動(dòng)時(shí)有骨摩擦音。綜合臨床、實(shí)驗(yàn)室及X線檢查,符合①+②條或①+③+⑤+⑥或①+④+⑤+⑥條,可診斷膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎。經(jīng)保守治療疼痛改善不明顯。VAS評(píng)分≥5分,且膝關(guān)節(jié)KSS評(píng)分≤60分。
排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①血常規(guī)WBC>10×109/L;②體溫>37.5°C;③患者凝血功能異常;④有心、腦、血管等疾病,經(jīng)內(nèi)科會(huì)診后考慮不適合手術(shù)治療者;⑤3個(gè)月內(nèi)進(jìn)行其他手術(shù)。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 術(shù)前準(zhǔn)備
術(shù)前完善相關(guān)檢查并行雙側(cè)下肢全長(zhǎng)X線檢查;記錄患者術(shù)前VAS評(píng)分及KSS評(píng)分;術(shù)前0.5 h預(yù)防性應(yīng)用抗生素。傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)做好術(shù)前X片測(cè)量及假體型號(hào)選擇。
1.2.2 手術(shù)方式
手術(shù)均采用腰硬聯(lián)合麻醉,髕骨成形術(shù)組和傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組分別采用對(duì)應(yīng)的手術(shù)方式。兩組手術(shù)均由同一批醫(yī)生共同完成。
1.2.2.1 髕骨成形術(shù) 采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)髕骨旁內(nèi)側(cè)入路。取膝前正中皮膚直切口10~15 cm,以脛骨結(jié)節(jié)或以內(nèi)為切口止點(diǎn),以髕上2~5 cm為切口起點(diǎn),自股四頭肌腱頂點(diǎn)內(nèi)中1/3交界處為關(guān)節(jié)囊的起始切口,沿股內(nèi)側(cè)肌延伸至髕骨的內(nèi)緣,終止于脛骨結(jié)節(jié)的內(nèi)側(cè),并完整翻轉(zhuǎn)髕骨,術(shù)中用擺鋸或咬骨鉗修整髕骨的輪廓,咬去增生軟骨,并清除髕骨表明及周邊骨贅,電刀切除周邊多余軟組織及贅生物,盡量達(dá)到髕骨面平整。清洗關(guān)節(jié)腔,術(shù)中保護(hù)髕韌帶[8-9]。
1.2.2.2 傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù) 采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)髕骨旁內(nèi)側(cè)入路[10]。取膝前正中皮膚直切口16~23 cm,以脛骨結(jié)節(jié)遠(yuǎn)3~4 cm為切口止點(diǎn),以髕上4~9 cm為切口起點(diǎn),自股四頭肌腱頂點(diǎn)內(nèi)中1/3交界處為關(guān)節(jié)囊的起始切口,沿股內(nèi)側(cè)肌延伸至髕骨的內(nèi)緣,終止于脛骨結(jié)節(jié)的內(nèi)側(cè),并完整翻轉(zhuǎn)髕骨,顯露整個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)腔,其后按膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)步驟進(jìn)行,術(shù)中適當(dāng)松解部分軟組織,從而保證術(shù)后膝關(guān)節(jié)軟組織的平衡,根據(jù)術(shù)前測(cè)量的下肢力線等數(shù)據(jù)確定股骨的外翻角以及脛骨平臺(tái)的截骨量。術(shù)中應(yīng)用德國(guó)Link GEMINI MK Ⅱ可旋轉(zhuǎn)半月板解剖型膝關(guān)節(jié)表面假體,確定已經(jīng)糾正膝關(guān)節(jié)的力線后用骨水泥固定膝關(guān)節(jié)假體。均未行髕骨修整或髕骨置換[10-11]。
1.2.2.3 術(shù)后處理 術(shù)后復(fù)查雙下肢X線,連續(xù)2 d局部外敷冰袋,1~2 d拔出引流管,應(yīng)用抗生素3 d,口服利伐沙班1個(gè)月預(yù)防下肢深靜脈血栓形成[12]。拔引流管后應(yīng)用CPM機(jī)進(jìn)行功能鍛煉,術(shù)后5~10 d由醫(yī)師指導(dǎo)下扶助行器下地行走。術(shù)后2周拆線出院。記錄患者術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月的VAS評(píng)分、KSS評(píng)分。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
采用VAS記錄患者疼痛程度,0分表示患側(cè)膝關(guān)節(jié)沒有疼痛,10分表示患側(cè)膝關(guān)節(jié)無法忍受的劇痛,中間部分表示不同程度的疼痛。膝關(guān)節(jié)KSS評(píng)分包括臨床評(píng)分和功能評(píng)分,其中,臨床評(píng)分內(nèi)容包括疼痛、穩(wěn)定性、活動(dòng)范圍、缺陷4大項(xiàng),功能評(píng)分包括行走情況、上樓梯情況、功能缺陷3大項(xiàng),取臨床評(píng)分和功能評(píng)分的均數(shù)作為KSS評(píng)分的結(jié)果,<60分為差,60~<70分為中,70~<85分為良,85~100為優(yōu)[6-7]。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計(jì)量資料數(shù)據(jù)用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,兩組間比較采用t檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料用率表示,組間比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn),以P < 0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 兩組VAS評(píng)分比較
兩組術(shù)前VAS評(píng)分比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P > 0.05);術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組VAS評(píng)分較髕骨成形術(shù)組低,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05);髕骨成形術(shù)組有5例患者術(shù)后1周的VAS評(píng)分與術(shù)前相同,其余43例患者的VAS評(píng)分均有不同程度的下降,所有患者術(shù)后2個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分均較術(shù)前下降,髕骨成形術(shù)組術(shù)后2個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分較術(shù)前降低,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05);傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分較術(shù)前降低,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。見表1。
表1 髕骨成形術(shù)組與傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組術(shù)前與術(shù)后1周、
術(shù)后2個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分比較(分,x±s)
注:與同組術(shù)前比較,*P < 0.05
2.2 兩組KSS評(píng)分比較
兩組術(shù)前KSS評(píng)分差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P > 0.05);術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月KSS評(píng)分傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組較髕骨成形術(shù)組高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。髕骨成形術(shù)組中有12例患者術(shù)后1周KSS評(píng)分較術(shù)前下降,術(shù)后2個(gè)月患者KSS評(píng)分均較術(shù)前增加;髕骨成形術(shù)組術(shù)后2個(gè)月KSS評(píng)分較術(shù)前升高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組有5例患者術(shù)后1周KSS評(píng)分較術(shù)前下降,術(shù)后2個(gè)月患者KSS評(píng)分均較術(shù)前增加;傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月總體KSS評(píng)分較術(shù)前升高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。見表2。
表2 髕骨成形術(shù)組與傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組術(shù)前與術(shù)后1周、
術(shù)后2個(gè)月KSS評(píng)分比較(分,x±s)
注:與術(shù)前比較,*P < 0.05
3 討論
膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的治療目的是盡量減輕甚至消除疼痛,改善或恢復(fù)膝關(guān)節(jié)功能,提高患者的生活質(zhì)量。其治療的總體原則首先是非藥物的物理治療,改善生活方式,與藥物治療相結(jié)合,然后在效果控制不佳的情況下可行手術(shù)治療。不同患者的治療方案應(yīng)根據(jù)患者自身的情況,如性別、年齡、體重、病變的膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的嚴(yán)重程度而制定。而膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎到達(dá)中晚期一般都需要行手術(shù)治療,手術(shù)方法主要包括:①膝關(guān)節(jié)游離體摘除手術(shù);②膝關(guān)節(jié)探查+清理術(shù);③膝關(guān)節(jié)截骨術(shù);④膝關(guān)節(jié)關(guān)節(jié)融合術(shù);⑤膝關(guān)節(jié)成形術(shù)(髕骨成形術(shù)、人工膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù))等。全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)治療中晚期膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的有效性早已得到骨科領(lǐng)域的普遍認(rèn)可,在臨床中也有部分患者選擇髕骨成形術(shù)治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎。本次臨床研究所選擇的兩種手術(shù)方式都是膝關(guān)節(jié)成形術(shù)中的方法[13-14]。
本研究髕骨成形術(shù)組術(shù)后有5例患者術(shù)后1周的VAS評(píng)分與術(shù)前相同,這里考慮該5例患者的膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的疼痛不是以髕股關(guān)節(jié)炎為主,另外由于手術(shù)造成的疼痛增加,導(dǎo)致部分患者術(shù)后仍感疼痛,但剩余43例患者的VAS評(píng)分均有不同程度的下降,說明髕骨成形術(shù)后患者一般都可一定程度地緩解疼痛;所有患者術(shù)后2個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分均較術(shù)前下降。同樣國(guó)外也有報(bào)道[1],髕骨成形術(shù)后半年膝關(guān)節(jié)VAS評(píng)分較術(shù)前下降,也存在部分患者術(shù)后VAS評(píng)分與術(shù)前差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。根據(jù)本研究結(jié)果與國(guó)外文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道[1],髕骨成形術(shù)治療中晚期骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎有一定療效,而且疼痛的緩解與患者髕股關(guān)節(jié)炎的嚴(yán)重程度有關(guān),髕股關(guān)節(jié)炎嚴(yán)重者,效果更佳;傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組所有患者術(shù)后1周、術(shù)后2個(gè)月的VAS評(píng)分均較術(shù)前下降,而且下降明顯,說明傳統(tǒng)的膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)對(duì)緩解中晚期骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎疼痛有較好的效果;傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月的VAS評(píng)分均較髕骨成形術(shù)組低;國(guó)內(nèi)外也有相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道[6,15-17],傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)后VAS評(píng)分均較術(shù)前下降,對(duì)于疼痛的改善較為明顯,與本次研究的結(jié)果相符。說明在治療中晚期骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎方面,傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)較髕骨成形術(shù)更能減輕患者的疼痛情況。也有文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道[11,18],髕骨成形術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)結(jié)合,術(shù)后患者疼痛能夠得到進(jìn)一步緩解,膝關(guān)節(jié)功能得到更好的改善。
本研究髕骨成形術(shù)組中有12例患者術(shù)后1周KSS評(píng)分較術(shù)前下降,這與患者術(shù)后疼痛有關(guān),而所有患者術(shù)后2個(gè)月KSS評(píng)分均較術(shù)前增加,但增加較少,說明髕骨成形術(shù)對(duì)于膝關(guān)節(jié)功能的改善有一定的作用,但對(duì)于嚴(yán)重的膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎患者的功能改善并不明顯。有文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道[11,19-21],髕骨成形術(shù)一般用于髕股關(guān)節(jié)炎較為明顯的患者,而中晚期骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎且髕股關(guān)節(jié)炎較為嚴(yán)重者,目前國(guó)內(nèi)外一般采取膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的方式,缺乏髕骨成形術(shù)應(yīng)用于該類疾病的報(bào)道,因此本次研究在此方面更有意義。傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組有5例患者術(shù)后1周KSS評(píng)分較術(shù)前下降,這同樣與部分患者術(shù)后疼痛所致,并且部分患者術(shù)后未能及時(shí)積極參與功能鍛煉,造成評(píng)分有所下降,但大部分的患者的KSS評(píng)分均有所升高,說明傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)在早期能起到較好的作用,而且所有患者術(shù)后2個(gè)月的KSS評(píng)分均較術(shù)前增加,而且增加的幅度較大,說明傳統(tǒng)的膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)治療中晚期膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎能得到滿意的效果。傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)組術(shù)后1周及術(shù)后2個(gè)月的KSS評(píng)分均較髕骨成形術(shù)組高,說明在膝關(guān)節(jié)功能改善方面,傳統(tǒng)膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)更顯優(yōu)勢(shì)。該結(jié)果與目前國(guó)內(nèi)外的報(bào)道一致。有報(bào)道對(duì)全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)中未進(jìn)行髕骨置換的患者與髕骨周圍去神經(jīng)化的患者進(jìn)行雙盲研究,結(jié)果提示在髕骨周圍去神經(jīng)化,膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)后1年內(nèi)膝關(guān)節(jié)的屈曲功能更好[7,22]。
髕骨成形術(shù)創(chuàng)傷少,對(duì)膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎有一定的療效,尤其針對(duì)膝關(guān)節(jié)髕股關(guān)節(jié)炎較為嚴(yán)重的患者,療效更為明顯。該類患者髕前痛較為明顯,有部分醫(yī)院會(huì)采用關(guān)節(jié)鏡的方式進(jìn)行治療,這樣會(huì)使創(chuàng)傷大大減少,但同時(shí)由于關(guān)節(jié)鏡下操作較為局限,導(dǎo)致不能最大限度的暴露髕骨,不能完整的清理髕骨周邊骨贅,因此仍采用開放的方式完成髕骨成形術(shù)。同時(shí)該手術(shù)方式價(jià)格較為便宜,對(duì)于未能承擔(dān)全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)假體費(fèi)用的患者而言,也是很好的一個(gè)選擇,但是由于僅僅是針對(duì)髕骨進(jìn)行手術(shù),因此脛骨平臺(tái)及股骨髁的增生部分未予以處理,導(dǎo)致存在上述問題的患者術(shù)后膝關(guān)節(jié)疼痛未能完全緩解。而傳統(tǒng)的膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)目前在國(guó)內(nèi)已經(jīng)普遍開展,并且技術(shù)成熟,對(duì)治療膝關(guān)節(jié)中晚期骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的療效是肯定的。但該手術(shù)也存在一定的局限,例如術(shù)中需要應(yīng)用骨水泥,極少數(shù)患者會(huì)出現(xiàn)骨水泥反應(yīng)導(dǎo)致過敏性休克甚至死亡,而且對(duì)于無菌條件及手術(shù)室要求較高,必須有層流條件等,因此在二甲以下醫(yī)院難以得到普遍開展。同時(shí)由于假體價(jià)格昂貴,術(shù)后需預(yù)防下肢深靜脈血栓形成等,所以在我國(guó)農(nóng)村城市未能最大限度的開展,全國(guó)有相當(dāng)一部分患者無法承受手術(shù)及住院費(fèi)用。
本研究缺乏長(zhǎng)期的隨訪結(jié)果,屬于術(shù)后的短期療效評(píng)估,在未來將進(jìn)一步完善隨訪工作,并繼續(xù)增大樣本量,獲得更多的臨床資料,完善研究。
綜上所述,髕骨成形術(shù)對(duì)中晚期骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎有一定療效,但傳統(tǒng)的全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)較髕骨成形術(shù)效果更佳。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1] Chinzei N,Ishida K,Matsumoto T,et al. Evaluation of patellofemoral joint in advance medial-pivot total knee arthroplasty [J]. Int Orthop,2013,1(2):1-2.
[2] Mohanlal PK,Sandiford N,Skinner JA,et al. Comparision of blood loss between computer assisted and conventional total knee arthroplasty [J]. Indian J Orthop,2013,47(1):63-66.
[3] Nicholson LT,Trofa D,Smith E. Re-learning curve for conventional total knee arthroplasty following 30 consecutive computer-assisted total knee arthroplasties [J]. Comput Aided Surg,2013,18(3):63-67.
[4] Tolk JJ,Koot HW,Janssen RP. Computer navigated versus conventional total knee arthroplasty [J]. J Knee Surg,2012,25(4):347-352.
[5] 中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)骨科學(xué)分會(huì).骨關(guān)節(jié)炎診治指南(2007年版)[J].中國(guó)臨床醫(yī)生,2008,1(1):28-30.
[6] Llombart BR,Valenti A,De Rada P,et al. Reconstruction of the extensor mechanism with fresh-frozen tendon allograft in total knee arthroplasty [J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2013,2(8):23-30.
[7] Pinto PR,McIntyre T,F(xiàn)errero R,et al. Persistent pain after total knee or hip arthroplasty: differential study of prevalence,nature,and impact [J]. J Pain Res,2013,6(2):691-703.
[8] 于鳳賓,吳岳嵩,王志偉,等.全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換中髕骨成形術(shù)的臨床應(yīng)用[J].第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2005,3(8):925-927.
[9] 李忠江.人工全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換髕骨成形術(shù)的臨床觀察[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥指南,2012,(15): 590-591.
[10] 郭曉忠,竇寶信,劉慶.計(jì)算機(jī)輔助與傳統(tǒng)方法全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)術(shù)后下肢機(jī)械軸的比較研究[J].中華骨科雜志,2007,27(5):351-354.
[11] Chen JY,Yeo SJ,Yew AK,et al. The radiological outcomes of patient-specific instrumentation versus conventional total knee arthroplasty [J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2013,12(2):57-62.
[12] 許天英,時(shí)劍輝,寧紅梅,等.膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)后下肢深靜脈血栓形成的綜合預(yù)防[J].中國(guó)基層醫(yī)藥,2011,18(1):138-139.
[13] Harvie PK,Sloan RJ,Beaver RJ. Computer navigation vs conventional total knee arthroplasty:five-year functional results of a prospective randomized trial [J]. J Arthroplasty,2012,27(5):667-672.
[14] Sugama R,Minoda Y,Kobayashi A,et al. Conventional or navigated total knee arthroplasty affects sagittal component alignment [J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2012,20(12):2454-2459.
[15] Harsten A,Hjartarson H,Werner MU,et al. General anaesthesia with multimodal principles versus intrathecal analgesia with conventional principles in total knee arthroplasty:a consecutive,randomized study [J]. J Clin Med Res,2013,5(1):42-48.
[16] 徐守宇,姚新苗,吳燕,等.運(yùn)動(dòng)療法防治膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的臨床研究[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥科學(xué),2012,2(13):17-18,31.
[17] 黎友允,劉晨峰,姚先秀,等.烏頭湯治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的效果分析[J].中國(guó)當(dāng)代醫(yī)藥,2013,20(21):129-130.
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[19] Graham DJ,Harvie P,Sloan K,et al. Morbidity of navigated vs conventional total knee arthroplasty:a retrospective review of 327 cases [J]. J Arthroplasty,2011,26(8):1224-1227.
[20] 王建業(yè),曾錦峰,黃連明,等.綜合方法治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎70例[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥科學(xué),2012,2(1):64-65.
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(收稿日期:2014-05-06 本文編輯:程 銘)
本研究缺乏長(zhǎng)期的隨訪結(jié)果,屬于術(shù)后的短期療效評(píng)估,在未來將進(jìn)一步完善隨訪工作,并繼續(xù)增大樣本量,獲得更多的臨床資料,完善研究。
綜上所述,髕骨成形術(shù)對(duì)中晚期骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎有一定療效,但傳統(tǒng)的全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)較髕骨成形術(shù)效果更佳。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1] Chinzei N,Ishida K,Matsumoto T,et al. Evaluation of patellofemoral joint in advance medial-pivot total knee arthroplasty [J]. Int Orthop,2013,1(2):1-2.
[2] Mohanlal PK,Sandiford N,Skinner JA,et al. Comparision of blood loss between computer assisted and conventional total knee arthroplasty [J]. Indian J Orthop,2013,47(1):63-66.
[3] Nicholson LT,Trofa D,Smith E. Re-learning curve for conventional total knee arthroplasty following 30 consecutive computer-assisted total knee arthroplasties [J]. Comput Aided Surg,2013,18(3):63-67.
[4] Tolk JJ,Koot HW,Janssen RP. Computer navigated versus conventional total knee arthroplasty [J]. J Knee Surg,2012,25(4):347-352.
[5] 中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)骨科學(xué)分會(huì).骨關(guān)節(jié)炎診治指南(2007年版)[J].中國(guó)臨床醫(yī)生,2008,1(1):28-30.
[6] Llombart BR,Valenti A,De Rada P,et al. Reconstruction of the extensor mechanism with fresh-frozen tendon allograft in total knee arthroplasty [J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2013,2(8):23-30.
[7] Pinto PR,McIntyre T,F(xiàn)errero R,et al. Persistent pain after total knee or hip arthroplasty: differential study of prevalence,nature,and impact [J]. J Pain Res,2013,6(2):691-703.
[8] 于鳳賓,吳岳嵩,王志偉,等.全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換中髕骨成形術(shù)的臨床應(yīng)用[J].第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2005,3(8):925-927.
[9] 李忠江.人工全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換髕骨成形術(shù)的臨床觀察[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥指南,2012,(15): 590-591.
[10] 郭曉忠,竇寶信,劉慶.計(jì)算機(jī)輔助與傳統(tǒng)方法全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)術(shù)后下肢機(jī)械軸的比較研究[J].中華骨科雜志,2007,27(5):351-354.
[11] Chen JY,Yeo SJ,Yew AK,et al. The radiological outcomes of patient-specific instrumentation versus conventional total knee arthroplasty [J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2013,12(2):57-62.
[12] 許天英,時(shí)劍輝,寧紅梅,等.膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)后下肢深靜脈血栓形成的綜合預(yù)防[J].中國(guó)基層醫(yī)藥,2011,18(1):138-139.
[13] Harvie PK,Sloan RJ,Beaver RJ. Computer navigation vs conventional total knee arthroplasty:five-year functional results of a prospective randomized trial [J]. J Arthroplasty,2012,27(5):667-672.
[14] Sugama R,Minoda Y,Kobayashi A,et al. Conventional or navigated total knee arthroplasty affects sagittal component alignment [J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2012,20(12):2454-2459.
[15] Harsten A,Hjartarson H,Werner MU,et al. General anaesthesia with multimodal principles versus intrathecal analgesia with conventional principles in total knee arthroplasty:a consecutive,randomized study [J]. J Clin Med Res,2013,5(1):42-48.
[16] 徐守宇,姚新苗,吳燕,等.運(yùn)動(dòng)療法防治膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的臨床研究[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥科學(xué),2012,2(13):17-18,31.
[17] 黎友允,劉晨峰,姚先秀,等.烏頭湯治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的效果分析[J].中國(guó)當(dāng)代醫(yī)藥,2013,20(21):129-130.
[18] Luo SX,Su W,Zhao JM,et al. High-flexion vs conventional prostheses total knee arthroplasty:a meta-analysis [J]. J Arthroplasty,2011,26(6):847-854.
[19] Graham DJ,Harvie P,Sloan K,et al. Morbidity of navigated vs conventional total knee arthroplasty:a retrospective review of 327 cases [J]. J Arthroplasty,2011,26(8):1224-1227.
[20] 王建業(yè),曾錦峰,黃連明,等.綜合方法治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎70例[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥科學(xué),2012,2(1):64-65.
[21] 楊豐全,孫慶艷.三聯(lián)療法治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎[J].中國(guó)當(dāng)代醫(yī)藥,2013,20(25):39-40.
[22] Xie C,Liu K,Xiao L,et al. Clinical Outcomes After Computer-assisted Versus Conventional Total Knee Arthroplasty [J]. Orthopedics,2012,35(5):647-653.
(收稿日期:2014-05-06 本文編輯:程 銘)
本研究缺乏長(zhǎng)期的隨訪結(jié)果,屬于術(shù)后的短期療效評(píng)估,在未來將進(jìn)一步完善隨訪工作,并繼續(xù)增大樣本量,獲得更多的臨床資料,完善研究。
綜上所述,髕骨成形術(shù)對(duì)中晚期骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎有一定療效,但傳統(tǒng)的全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)較髕骨成形術(shù)效果更佳。
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[16] 徐守宇,姚新苗,吳燕,等.運(yùn)動(dòng)療法防治膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎的臨床研究[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥科學(xué),2012,2(13):17-18,31.
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[19] Graham DJ,Harvie P,Sloan K,et al. Morbidity of navigated vs conventional total knee arthroplasty:a retrospective review of 327 cases [J]. J Arthroplasty,2011,26(8):1224-1227.
[20] 王建業(yè),曾錦峰,黃連明,等.綜合方法治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎70例[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥科學(xué),2012,2(1):64-65.
[21] 楊豐全,孫慶艷.三聯(lián)療法治療膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎[J].中國(guó)當(dāng)代醫(yī)藥,2013,20(25):39-40.
[22] Xie C,Liu K,Xiao L,et al. Clinical Outcomes After Computer-assisted Versus Conventional Total Knee Arthroplasty [J]. Orthopedics,2012,35(5):647-653.
(收稿日期:2014-05-06 本文編輯:程 銘)
中國(guó)醫(yī)藥導(dǎo)報(bào)2014年28期